Antiviral Activities of Green Tea Components against Grouper Iridovirus Infection In Vitro and In Vivo
(1) Background: Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) can cause extensive fish deaths. Therefore, developing treatments to combat virulent SGIV is of great economic importance to address this challenge to the grouper aquaculture industry. Green tea is an important medicinal and edible plant throughout...
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/6/1227 |
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| author | Pengfei Li Shuaishuai Huang Shuangyan Xiao Youhou Xu Xinxian Wei Jun Xiao Zhongbao Guo Qing Yu Mingzhu Liu |
| author_facet | Pengfei Li Shuaishuai Huang Shuangyan Xiao Youhou Xu Xinxian Wei Jun Xiao Zhongbao Guo Qing Yu Mingzhu Liu |
| author_sort | Pengfei Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) can cause extensive fish deaths. Therefore, developing treatments to combat virulent SGIV is of great economic importance to address this challenge to the grouper aquaculture industry. Green tea is an important medicinal and edible plant throughout the world. In this study, we evaluated the use of green tea components against SGIV infection. (2) Methods: The safe working concentrations of green tea components were identified by cell viability detection and light microscopy. Additionally, the antiviral activity of each green tea component against SGIV infection was determined with light microscopy, an aptamer (Q5c)-based fluorescent molecular probe, and reverse transcription quantitative PCR. (3) Results: The safe working concentrations of green tea components were green tea aqueous extract (GTAE) ≤ 100 μg/mL, green tea polyphenols (TP) ≤ 10 μg/mL, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) ≤ 12 μg/mL, (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC) ≤ 10 μg/mL, (-)-epicatechin gallate (EGC) ≤ 5 μg/mL, and (-)-epicatechin (EC) ≤ 50 μg/mL. The relative antiviral activities of the green tea components determined in terms of <i>MCP</i> gene expression were TP > EGCG > GTAE > ECG > EGC > EC, with inhibition rates of 99.34%, 98.31%, 98.23%, 88.62%, 73.80%, and 44.31%, respectively. The antiviral effect of aptamer-Q5c was consistent with the results of qPCR. Also, TP had an excellent antiviral effect in vitro, wherein the mortality of fish in only the SGIV-injection group and TP + SGIV-injection group were 100% and 11.67%, respectively. (4) Conclusions: In conclusion, our results suggest that green tea components have effective antiviral properties against SGIV and may be candidate agents for the effective treatment and control of SGIV infections in grouper aquaculture. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d33fb83081f842cdb72d54e72922e150 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:14:43Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-d33fb83081f842cdb72d54e72922e1502023-11-23T19:25:48ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152022-06-01146122710.3390/v14061227Antiviral Activities of Green Tea Components against Grouper Iridovirus Infection In Vitro and In VivoPengfei Li0Shuaishuai Huang1Shuangyan Xiao2Youhou Xu3Xinxian Wei4Jun Xiao5Zhongbao Guo6Qing Yu7Mingzhu Liu8Guangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535000, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535000, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530015, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Marine Biodiversity Conservation, College of Marine Sciences, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535000, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Breeding, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Science, Nanning 530015, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Breeding, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Science, Nanning 530015, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Breeding, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Science, Nanning 530015, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530015, ChinaGuangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Fishery Major Diseases Control and Efficient Healthy Breeding Industrial Technology (GERCFT), Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning 530015, China(1) Background: Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) can cause extensive fish deaths. Therefore, developing treatments to combat virulent SGIV is of great economic importance to address this challenge to the grouper aquaculture industry. Green tea is an important medicinal and edible plant throughout the world. In this study, we evaluated the use of green tea components against SGIV infection. (2) Methods: The safe working concentrations of green tea components were identified by cell viability detection and light microscopy. Additionally, the antiviral activity of each green tea component against SGIV infection was determined with light microscopy, an aptamer (Q5c)-based fluorescent molecular probe, and reverse transcription quantitative PCR. (3) Results: The safe working concentrations of green tea components were green tea aqueous extract (GTAE) ≤ 100 μg/mL, green tea polyphenols (TP) ≤ 10 μg/mL, epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) ≤ 12 μg/mL, (-)-epigallocatechin (EGC) ≤ 10 μg/mL, (-)-epicatechin gallate (EGC) ≤ 5 μg/mL, and (-)-epicatechin (EC) ≤ 50 μg/mL. The relative antiviral activities of the green tea components determined in terms of <i>MCP</i> gene expression were TP > EGCG > GTAE > ECG > EGC > EC, with inhibition rates of 99.34%, 98.31%, 98.23%, 88.62%, 73.80%, and 44.31%, respectively. The antiviral effect of aptamer-Q5c was consistent with the results of qPCR. Also, TP had an excellent antiviral effect in vitro, wherein the mortality of fish in only the SGIV-injection group and TP + SGIV-injection group were 100% and 11.67%, respectively. (4) Conclusions: In conclusion, our results suggest that green tea components have effective antiviral properties against SGIV and may be candidate agents for the effective treatment and control of SGIV infections in grouper aquaculture.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/6/1227green tea componentantiviral activitygrouper iridovirustea polyphenolEGCG |
| spellingShingle | Pengfei Li Shuaishuai Huang Shuangyan Xiao Youhou Xu Xinxian Wei Jun Xiao Zhongbao Guo Qing Yu Mingzhu Liu Antiviral Activities of Green Tea Components against Grouper Iridovirus Infection In Vitro and In Vivo Viruses green tea component antiviral activity grouper iridovirus tea polyphenol EGCG |
| title | Antiviral Activities of Green Tea Components against Grouper Iridovirus Infection In Vitro and In Vivo |
| title_full | Antiviral Activities of Green Tea Components against Grouper Iridovirus Infection In Vitro and In Vivo |
| title_fullStr | Antiviral Activities of Green Tea Components against Grouper Iridovirus Infection In Vitro and In Vivo |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antiviral Activities of Green Tea Components against Grouper Iridovirus Infection In Vitro and In Vivo |
| title_short | Antiviral Activities of Green Tea Components against Grouper Iridovirus Infection In Vitro and In Vivo |
| title_sort | antiviral activities of green tea components against grouper iridovirus infection in vitro and in vivo |
| topic | green tea component antiviral activity grouper iridovirus tea polyphenol EGCG |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/6/1227 |
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