Pharmacological interventions in the treatment of the acute effects of cannabis: a systematic review of literature
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Cannabis intoxication is related to a number of physical and mental health risks with ensuing social costs. However, little attention has been given to the investigation of possible pharmacological interactions in this condition.<...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2012-01-01
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| Series: | Harm Reduction Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.harmreductionjournal.com/content/9/1/7 |
| _version_ | 1818528269335527424 |
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| author | Crippa José AS Derenusson Guilherme N Chagas Marcos HN Atakan Zerrin Martín-Santos Rocio Zuardi Antonio W Hallak Jaime EC |
| author_facet | Crippa José AS Derenusson Guilherme N Chagas Marcos HN Atakan Zerrin Martín-Santos Rocio Zuardi Antonio W Hallak Jaime EC |
| author_sort | Crippa José AS |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Cannabis intoxication is related to a number of physical and mental health risks with ensuing social costs. However, little attention has been given to the investigation of possible pharmacological interactions in this condition.</p> <p>Objective</p> <p>To review the available scientific literature concerning pharmacological interventions for the treatment of the acute effects of cannabis.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A search was performed on the <it>Pubmed</it>, <it>Lilacs</it>, and <it>Scielo </it>online databases by combining the terms <it>cannabis, intoxication, psychosis, anxiety</it>, and <it>treatment</it>. The articles selected from this search had their reference lists checked for additional publications related to the topic of the review.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The reviewed articles consisted of case reports and controlled clinical trials and are presented according to interventions targeting the physiological, psychiatric, and cognitive symptoms provoked by cannabis. The pharmacological interventions reported in these studies include: beta-blockers, antiarrhythmic agents, antagonists of CB-1 and GABA-benzodiazepine receptors, antipsychotics, and cannabidiol.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Although scarce, the evidence on pharmacological interventions for the management of cannabis intoxication suggests that propanolol and rimonabant are the most effective compounds currently available to treat the physiological and subjective effects of the drug. Further studies are necessary to establish the real effectiveness of these two medications, as well as the effectiveness of other candidate compounds to counteract the effects of cannabis intoxication, such as cannabidiol and flumazenil.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T06:47:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d346eb3889db4eb98edb3047608166c8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1477-7517 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T06:47:35Z |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Harm Reduction Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-d346eb3889db4eb98edb3047608166c82022-12-22T01:17:02ZengBMCHarm Reduction Journal1477-75172012-01-0191710.1186/1477-7517-9-7Pharmacological interventions in the treatment of the acute effects of cannabis: a systematic review of literatureCrippa José ASDerenusson Guilherme NChagas Marcos HNAtakan ZerrinMartín-Santos RocioZuardi Antonio WHallak Jaime EC<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Cannabis intoxication is related to a number of physical and mental health risks with ensuing social costs. However, little attention has been given to the investigation of possible pharmacological interactions in this condition.</p> <p>Objective</p> <p>To review the available scientific literature concerning pharmacological interventions for the treatment of the acute effects of cannabis.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A search was performed on the <it>Pubmed</it>, <it>Lilacs</it>, and <it>Scielo </it>online databases by combining the terms <it>cannabis, intoxication, psychosis, anxiety</it>, and <it>treatment</it>. The articles selected from this search had their reference lists checked for additional publications related to the topic of the review.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The reviewed articles consisted of case reports and controlled clinical trials and are presented according to interventions targeting the physiological, psychiatric, and cognitive symptoms provoked by cannabis. The pharmacological interventions reported in these studies include: beta-blockers, antiarrhythmic agents, antagonists of CB-1 and GABA-benzodiazepine receptors, antipsychotics, and cannabidiol.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Although scarce, the evidence on pharmacological interventions for the management of cannabis intoxication suggests that propanolol and rimonabant are the most effective compounds currently available to treat the physiological and subjective effects of the drug. Further studies are necessary to establish the real effectiveness of these two medications, as well as the effectiveness of other candidate compounds to counteract the effects of cannabis intoxication, such as cannabidiol and flumazenil.</p>http://www.harmreductionjournal.com/content/9/1/7cannabisintoxicationacute effectspsychosisanxietypharmacological treatment |
| spellingShingle | Crippa José AS Derenusson Guilherme N Chagas Marcos HN Atakan Zerrin Martín-Santos Rocio Zuardi Antonio W Hallak Jaime EC Pharmacological interventions in the treatment of the acute effects of cannabis: a systematic review of literature Harm Reduction Journal cannabis intoxication acute effects psychosis anxiety pharmacological treatment |
| title | Pharmacological interventions in the treatment of the acute effects of cannabis: a systematic review of literature |
| title_full | Pharmacological interventions in the treatment of the acute effects of cannabis: a systematic review of literature |
| title_fullStr | Pharmacological interventions in the treatment of the acute effects of cannabis: a systematic review of literature |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pharmacological interventions in the treatment of the acute effects of cannabis: a systematic review of literature |
| title_short | Pharmacological interventions in the treatment of the acute effects of cannabis: a systematic review of literature |
| title_sort | pharmacological interventions in the treatment of the acute effects of cannabis a systematic review of literature |
| topic | cannabis intoxication acute effects psychosis anxiety pharmacological treatment |
| url | http://www.harmreductionjournal.com/content/9/1/7 |
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