GIS Approach for Expressing Structural Landforms: Forms, Elements, and Relationships
A structural landform is defined by its surface morphology, controlled by tectonics, lithology (arrangement and resistance), and folded structures, and demonstrated by the characteristics and relationships between geological and geomorphic elements. It is very important to use geographic information...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-11-01
|
| Series: | Applied Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/23/12872 |
| _version_ | 1797400415896076288 |
|---|---|
| author | Yanrong Liu Guonian Lu Zhongqiu Meng Dashu Guo Di Hu Lei Zhu Handong He |
| author_facet | Yanrong Liu Guonian Lu Zhongqiu Meng Dashu Guo Di Hu Lei Zhu Handong He |
| author_sort | Yanrong Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A structural landform is defined by its surface morphology, controlled by tectonics, lithology (arrangement and resistance), and folded structures, and demonstrated by the characteristics and relationships between geological and geomorphic elements. It is very important to use geographic information system (GIS) technology to accurately describe and express elements of structural landforms and their relationships. In this study, a GIS approach for expressing structural landforms, based on “forms–elements–relationships”, was developed. The contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) Combined with the surface morphological characteristics, the structural landforms were abstracted into geological and geomorphic elements, and the characteristics and relationships of these elements were analyzed. (2) The elements of structural landforms and their relationships were abstracted into spatial objects and topological relationships. The spatial objects of the structural landform were designed based on the types and characteristics of structural landform elements. The topological relationships were developed based on the definition of the structural landform morphotype. (3) The structural landform markup language (SLML) method of “forms–elements–relationships” was created. (4) Two typical structural landforms, namely, Qixia Mountain and Gaoli Mountain, were used as examples to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the GIS approach for expressing structural landforms. This paper describes and expresses the “forms–elements–relationships” of structural landforms from the perspective of GIS, which is expected to promote the joint development of structural geomorphology and GIS. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:55:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d355289ea846484dab29364ebedaab9d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:55:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-d355289ea846484dab29364ebedaab9d2023-12-08T15:12:00ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-11-0113231287210.3390/app132312872GIS Approach for Expressing Structural Landforms: Forms, Elements, and RelationshipsYanrong Liu0Guonian Lu1Zhongqiu Meng2Dashu Guo3Di Hu4Lei Zhu5Handong He6School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, ChinaKey Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, ChinaSchool of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, ChinaSchool of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, ChinaKey Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210023, ChinaSchool of Economics and Management, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, ChinaSchool of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, ChinaA structural landform is defined by its surface morphology, controlled by tectonics, lithology (arrangement and resistance), and folded structures, and demonstrated by the characteristics and relationships between geological and geomorphic elements. It is very important to use geographic information system (GIS) technology to accurately describe and express elements of structural landforms and their relationships. In this study, a GIS approach for expressing structural landforms, based on “forms–elements–relationships”, was developed. The contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) Combined with the surface morphological characteristics, the structural landforms were abstracted into geological and geomorphic elements, and the characteristics and relationships of these elements were analyzed. (2) The elements of structural landforms and their relationships were abstracted into spatial objects and topological relationships. The spatial objects of the structural landform were designed based on the types and characteristics of structural landform elements. The topological relationships were developed based on the definition of the structural landform morphotype. (3) The structural landform markup language (SLML) method of “forms–elements–relationships” was created. (4) Two typical structural landforms, namely, Qixia Mountain and Gaoli Mountain, were used as examples to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the GIS approach for expressing structural landforms. This paper describes and expresses the “forms–elements–relationships” of structural landforms from the perspective of GIS, which is expected to promote the joint development of structural geomorphology and GIS.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/23/12872GISstructural landformformselementsrelationships |
| spellingShingle | Yanrong Liu Guonian Lu Zhongqiu Meng Dashu Guo Di Hu Lei Zhu Handong He GIS Approach for Expressing Structural Landforms: Forms, Elements, and Relationships Applied Sciences GIS structural landform forms elements relationships |
| title | GIS Approach for Expressing Structural Landforms: Forms, Elements, and Relationships |
| title_full | GIS Approach for Expressing Structural Landforms: Forms, Elements, and Relationships |
| title_fullStr | GIS Approach for Expressing Structural Landforms: Forms, Elements, and Relationships |
| title_full_unstemmed | GIS Approach for Expressing Structural Landforms: Forms, Elements, and Relationships |
| title_short | GIS Approach for Expressing Structural Landforms: Forms, Elements, and Relationships |
| title_sort | gis approach for expressing structural landforms forms elements and relationships |
| topic | GIS structural landform forms elements relationships |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/23/12872 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yanrongliu gisapproachforexpressingstructurallandformsformselementsandrelationships AT guonianlu gisapproachforexpressingstructurallandformsformselementsandrelationships AT zhongqiumeng gisapproachforexpressingstructurallandformsformselementsandrelationships AT dashuguo gisapproachforexpressingstructurallandformsformselementsandrelationships AT dihu gisapproachforexpressingstructurallandformsformselementsandrelationships AT leizhu gisapproachforexpressingstructurallandformsformselementsandrelationships AT handonghe gisapproachforexpressingstructurallandformsformselementsandrelationships |