Metabolomic Characteristics of Cecum Contents in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Mice Intervened with Different Fibers
The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of single or mixed fibers (arabinoxylan, β-glucan, xyloglucan, and inulin) on the metabolome of cecum content in mice with obesity caused by a high-fat diet. Twenty-eight six-week-old male mice were divided randomly into seven groups (n = 4/group),...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Foods |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/7/1403 |
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| author | Qian Zhang Jinhua Cheng Xiaole Jiang Junni Tang Chenglin Zhu Hong Chen Luca Laghi |
| author_facet | Qian Zhang Jinhua Cheng Xiaole Jiang Junni Tang Chenglin Zhu Hong Chen Luca Laghi |
| author_sort | Qian Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of single or mixed fibers (arabinoxylan, β-glucan, xyloglucan, and inulin) on the metabolome of cecum content in mice with obesity caused by a high-fat diet. Twenty-eight six-week-old male mice were divided randomly into seven groups (n = 4/group), including a normal-diet group (CON), a high-fat-diet group (HFD), and groups with the same high-fat diet but supplemented with arabinoxylan (HFAX), arabinoxylan + β-glucan (HFAβ), arabinoxylan + xyloglucan (HFAG), xyloglucan (HFXG), and xyloglucan + inulin (HFXI). A total of 66 molecules were identified and quantified in cecum content by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (<sup>1</sup> H-NMR). The metabolomic profiles combined with statistical analysis revealed compounds distinguishing the control group from those supplemented with fibers. In detail, a high-fat diet could significantly elevate the concentrations of acetone and methionine (<i>p</i> < 0.05) while decreasing the levels of methanol, arabinose, acetate, and 3-hydroxyphenylacetate (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the cecum contents of mice. Compared to HFD, the supplementation caused higher levels of fumarate and hypoxanthine (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and lower levels of phenylacetate, acetate, fucose, formate, proline, betaine, and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). An enrichment analysis highlighted that the pathways mainly altered were amino sugar metabolism, aspartate metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism. In conclusion, non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) supplementation could change the metabolomic profiles of cecum contents in obese mice as a result of a high-fat diet. Moreover, mixed NSPs exhibited more beneficial effects than singular form on gut metabolism. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:38:11Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:38:11Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-d36c72609ec842119d64af72cf3ec6522023-11-17T16:40:49ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582023-03-01127140310.3390/foods12071403Metabolomic Characteristics of Cecum Contents in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Mice Intervened with Different FibersQian Zhang0Jinhua Cheng1Xiaole Jiang2Junni Tang3Chenglin Zhu4Hong Chen5Luca Laghi6College of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, ChinaCollege of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Food Science and Technology, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, ChinaCollege of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, ChinaDepartment of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna, 47521 Cesena, ItalyThe aim of this study was to demonstrate the effect of single or mixed fibers (arabinoxylan, β-glucan, xyloglucan, and inulin) on the metabolome of cecum content in mice with obesity caused by a high-fat diet. Twenty-eight six-week-old male mice were divided randomly into seven groups (n = 4/group), including a normal-diet group (CON), a high-fat-diet group (HFD), and groups with the same high-fat diet but supplemented with arabinoxylan (HFAX), arabinoxylan + β-glucan (HFAβ), arabinoxylan + xyloglucan (HFAG), xyloglucan (HFXG), and xyloglucan + inulin (HFXI). A total of 66 molecules were identified and quantified in cecum content by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (<sup>1</sup> H-NMR). The metabolomic profiles combined with statistical analysis revealed compounds distinguishing the control group from those supplemented with fibers. In detail, a high-fat diet could significantly elevate the concentrations of acetone and methionine (<i>p</i> < 0.05) while decreasing the levels of methanol, arabinose, acetate, and 3-hydroxyphenylacetate (<i>p</i> < 0.05) in the cecum contents of mice. Compared to HFD, the supplementation caused higher levels of fumarate and hypoxanthine (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and lower levels of phenylacetate, acetate, fucose, formate, proline, betaine, and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). An enrichment analysis highlighted that the pathways mainly altered were amino sugar metabolism, aspartate metabolism, and arginine and proline metabolism. In conclusion, non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) supplementation could change the metabolomic profiles of cecum contents in obese mice as a result of a high-fat diet. Moreover, mixed NSPs exhibited more beneficial effects than singular form on gut metabolism.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/7/1403obesityfiberscecum contentsmetabolome<sup>1</sup> H-NMR |
| spellingShingle | Qian Zhang Jinhua Cheng Xiaole Jiang Junni Tang Chenglin Zhu Hong Chen Luca Laghi Metabolomic Characteristics of Cecum Contents in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Mice Intervened with Different Fibers Foods obesity fibers cecum contents metabolome <sup>1</sup> H-NMR |
| title | Metabolomic Characteristics of Cecum Contents in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Mice Intervened with Different Fibers |
| title_full | Metabolomic Characteristics of Cecum Contents in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Mice Intervened with Different Fibers |
| title_fullStr | Metabolomic Characteristics of Cecum Contents in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Mice Intervened with Different Fibers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metabolomic Characteristics of Cecum Contents in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Mice Intervened with Different Fibers |
| title_short | Metabolomic Characteristics of Cecum Contents in High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obese Mice Intervened with Different Fibers |
| title_sort | metabolomic characteristics of cecum contents in high fat diet induced obese mice intervened with different fibers |
| topic | obesity fibers cecum contents metabolome <sup>1</sup> H-NMR |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/7/1403 |
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