Hydrochemical Characteristics, Water Quality, and Evolution of Groundwater in Northeast China
Groundwater is vital to local human life and agricultural irrigation, and the quality of the water is critical to human health. As a result, it is critical to investigate the hydrochemical evolution and water quality of groundwater in the Sanjiang Plain. There were 259 samples obtained. Furthermore,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/14/2669 |
| _version_ | 1797587190657581056 |
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| author | Tao Zhang Pei Wang Jin He Dandan Liu Min Wang Mingguo Wang Shibin Xia |
| author_facet | Tao Zhang Pei Wang Jin He Dandan Liu Min Wang Mingguo Wang Shibin Xia |
| author_sort | Tao Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Groundwater is vital to local human life and agricultural irrigation, and the quality of the water is critical to human health. As a result, it is critical to investigate the hydrochemical evolution and water quality of groundwater in the Sanjiang Plain. There were 259 samples obtained. Furthermore, hydrogeochemical simulation was performed to highlight groundwater’s hydrochemical features, evolution process, and water quality. The analytical results show that the groundwater in the study area is somewhat alkaline with a mean TDS of 285.94 mgL<sup>−1</sup> and the primary contributing ions being Ca<sup>2+</sup> and HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>. The closer the concentration of TDS and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> is to the city, the higher the concentration, indicating that the chemical composition of the water body has been affected by certain human activities. The Piper diagram, Gibbs diagram, and correlation analysis results demonstrate that the chemical type of groundwater is mostly HCO<sub>3</sub>-Ca and the hydrochemistry is primarily regulated by weathering and carbonate and silicate dissolution. According to the entropy-weighted water quality index, the groundwater quality in this location is pretty acceptable. This study could help strengthen groundwater quality monitoring based on local conditions, identify the source of nitrate, provide data support for the safe use of local water resources, and serve as a reference for global water chemical evolution and water quality evaluation in cold regions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:33:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d36e3bc44fad41a6939fb570ba20e871 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:33:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-d36e3bc44fad41a6939fb570ba20e8712023-11-18T21:48:35ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412023-07-011514266910.3390/w15142669Hydrochemical Characteristics, Water Quality, and Evolution of Groundwater in Northeast ChinaTao Zhang0Pei Wang1Jin He2Dandan Liu3Min Wang4Mingguo Wang5Shibin Xia6Center for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, China Geological Survey, Baoding 071051, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, ChinaCenter for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, China Geological Survey, Baoding 071051, ChinaCenter for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, China Geological Survey, Baoding 071051, ChinaZhoukou Vocational and Technical College, Zhengzhou 466000, ChinaCenter for Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, China Geological Survey, Baoding 071051, ChinaSchool of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, ChinaGroundwater is vital to local human life and agricultural irrigation, and the quality of the water is critical to human health. As a result, it is critical to investigate the hydrochemical evolution and water quality of groundwater in the Sanjiang Plain. There were 259 samples obtained. Furthermore, hydrogeochemical simulation was performed to highlight groundwater’s hydrochemical features, evolution process, and water quality. The analytical results show that the groundwater in the study area is somewhat alkaline with a mean TDS of 285.94 mgL<sup>−1</sup> and the primary contributing ions being Ca<sup>2+</sup> and HCO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>. The closer the concentration of TDS and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> is to the city, the higher the concentration, indicating that the chemical composition of the water body has been affected by certain human activities. The Piper diagram, Gibbs diagram, and correlation analysis results demonstrate that the chemical type of groundwater is mostly HCO<sub>3</sub>-Ca and the hydrochemistry is primarily regulated by weathering and carbonate and silicate dissolution. According to the entropy-weighted water quality index, the groundwater quality in this location is pretty acceptable. This study could help strengthen groundwater quality monitoring based on local conditions, identify the source of nitrate, provide data support for the safe use of local water resources, and serve as a reference for global water chemical evolution and water quality evaluation in cold regions.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/14/2669groundwaterhydrochemistrywater qualityWQISanjiang Plain |
| spellingShingle | Tao Zhang Pei Wang Jin He Dandan Liu Min Wang Mingguo Wang Shibin Xia Hydrochemical Characteristics, Water Quality, and Evolution of Groundwater in Northeast China Water groundwater hydrochemistry water quality WQI Sanjiang Plain |
| title | Hydrochemical Characteristics, Water Quality, and Evolution of Groundwater in Northeast China |
| title_full | Hydrochemical Characteristics, Water Quality, and Evolution of Groundwater in Northeast China |
| title_fullStr | Hydrochemical Characteristics, Water Quality, and Evolution of Groundwater in Northeast China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hydrochemical Characteristics, Water Quality, and Evolution of Groundwater in Northeast China |
| title_short | Hydrochemical Characteristics, Water Quality, and Evolution of Groundwater in Northeast China |
| title_sort | hydrochemical characteristics water quality and evolution of groundwater in northeast china |
| topic | groundwater hydrochemistry water quality WQI Sanjiang Plain |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/15/14/2669 |
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