Whole mitochondrial genome analysis in highland Tibetans: further matrilineal genetic structure exploration
Introduction: The Qinghai–Tibet Plateau is one of the last terrestrial environments conquered by modern humans. Tibetans are among the few high-altitude settlers in the world, and understanding the genetic profile of Tibetans plays a pivotal role in studies of anthropology, genetics, and archaeology...
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| Formatua: | Artikulua |
| Hizkuntza: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-11-01
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| Saila: | Frontiers in Genetics |
| Gaiak: | |
| Sarrera elektronikoa: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2023.1221388/full |
| _version_ | 1827762819355901952 |
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| author | Xin Li Xianpeng Zhang Ting Yu Liping Ye Ting Huang Ying Chen Shuhan Liu Youfeng Wen |
| author_facet | Xin Li Xianpeng Zhang Ting Yu Liping Ye Ting Huang Ying Chen Shuhan Liu Youfeng Wen |
| author_sort | Xin Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Introduction: The Qinghai–Tibet Plateau is one of the last terrestrial environments conquered by modern humans. Tibetans are among the few high-altitude settlers in the world, and understanding the genetic profile of Tibetans plays a pivotal role in studies of anthropology, genetics, and archaeology.Methods: In this study, we investigated the maternal genetic landscape of Tibetans based on the whole mitochondrial genome collected from 145 unrelated native Lhasa Tibetans. Molecular diversity indices, haplotype diversity (HD), Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs were calculated and the Bayesian Skyline Plot was obtained to determining the genetic profile and population fluctuation of Lhasa Tibetans. To further explore the genetic structure of Lhasa Tibetans, we collected 107 East Asian reference populations to perform principal component analysis (PCA), multidimensional scaling (MDS), calculated Fst values and constructed phylogenetic tree.Results: The maternal genetic landscape of Tibetans showed obvious East Asian characteristics, M9a (28.28%), R (11.03%), F1 (12.41%), D4 (9.66%), N (6.21%), and M62 (4.14%) were the dominant haplogroups. The results of PCA, MDS, Fst and phylogenetic tree were consistent: Lhasa Tibetans clustered with other highland Tibeto-Burman speakers, there was obvious genetic homogeneity of Tibetans in Xizang, and genetic similarity between Tibetans and northern Han people and geographically adjacent populations was found. In addition, specific maternal lineages of Tibetans also be determined in this study.Discussion: In general, this study further shed light on long-time matrilineal continuity on the Tibetan Plateau and the genetic connection between Tibetans and millet famers in the Yellow River Basin, and further revealed that multiple waves of population interaction and admixture during different historical periods between lowland and highland populations shaped the maternal genetic profile of Tibetans. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:41:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d38d5e3d3b4d4179b34834cf3e0e297f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-8021 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T10:41:03Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-d38d5e3d3b4d4179b34834cf3e0e297f2023-11-14T09:39:10ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Genetics1664-80212023-11-011410.3389/fgene.2023.12213881221388Whole mitochondrial genome analysis in highland Tibetans: further matrilineal genetic structure explorationXin Li0Xianpeng Zhang1Ting Yu2Liping Ye3Ting Huang4Ying Chen5Shuhan Liu6Youfeng Wen7Institute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, ChinaInstitute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, ChinaInstitute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, ChinaDepartment of Pathophysiology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, ChinaInstitute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, ChinaInstitute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, ChinaInstitute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, ChinaInstitute of Biological Anthropology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, ChinaIntroduction: The Qinghai–Tibet Plateau is one of the last terrestrial environments conquered by modern humans. Tibetans are among the few high-altitude settlers in the world, and understanding the genetic profile of Tibetans plays a pivotal role in studies of anthropology, genetics, and archaeology.Methods: In this study, we investigated the maternal genetic landscape of Tibetans based on the whole mitochondrial genome collected from 145 unrelated native Lhasa Tibetans. Molecular diversity indices, haplotype diversity (HD), Tajima’s D and Fu’s Fs were calculated and the Bayesian Skyline Plot was obtained to determining the genetic profile and population fluctuation of Lhasa Tibetans. To further explore the genetic structure of Lhasa Tibetans, we collected 107 East Asian reference populations to perform principal component analysis (PCA), multidimensional scaling (MDS), calculated Fst values and constructed phylogenetic tree.Results: The maternal genetic landscape of Tibetans showed obvious East Asian characteristics, M9a (28.28%), R (11.03%), F1 (12.41%), D4 (9.66%), N (6.21%), and M62 (4.14%) were the dominant haplogroups. The results of PCA, MDS, Fst and phylogenetic tree were consistent: Lhasa Tibetans clustered with other highland Tibeto-Burman speakers, there was obvious genetic homogeneity of Tibetans in Xizang, and genetic similarity between Tibetans and northern Han people and geographically adjacent populations was found. In addition, specific maternal lineages of Tibetans also be determined in this study.Discussion: In general, this study further shed light on long-time matrilineal continuity on the Tibetan Plateau and the genetic connection between Tibetans and millet famers in the Yellow River Basin, and further revealed that multiple waves of population interaction and admixture during different historical periods between lowland and highland populations shaped the maternal genetic profile of Tibetans.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2023.1221388/fullTibetanmtDNAhaplogroupmaternalgenetic structure |
| spellingShingle | Xin Li Xianpeng Zhang Ting Yu Liping Ye Ting Huang Ying Chen Shuhan Liu Youfeng Wen Whole mitochondrial genome analysis in highland Tibetans: further matrilineal genetic structure exploration Frontiers in Genetics Tibetan mtDNA haplogroup maternal genetic structure |
| title | Whole mitochondrial genome analysis in highland Tibetans: further matrilineal genetic structure exploration |
| title_full | Whole mitochondrial genome analysis in highland Tibetans: further matrilineal genetic structure exploration |
| title_fullStr | Whole mitochondrial genome analysis in highland Tibetans: further matrilineal genetic structure exploration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Whole mitochondrial genome analysis in highland Tibetans: further matrilineal genetic structure exploration |
| title_short | Whole mitochondrial genome analysis in highland Tibetans: further matrilineal genetic structure exploration |
| title_sort | whole mitochondrial genome analysis in highland tibetans further matrilineal genetic structure exploration |
| topic | Tibetan mtDNA haplogroup maternal genetic structure |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2023.1221388/full |
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