Towards Using MMO Anodes in Zinc Electrorefining: Mn Removal by Simulated Plant Off-Gas
Implementing mixed metal oxide (MMO) anodes in zinc electrowinning is highly desired due to the considerable reduction in electrical energy consumption. However, the presence of manganese in the electrolyte is a major obstacle for implementing MMO anodes in the zinc cell houses. In this work, we exp...
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| author | Masoomeh Askarian Fariba Mousavi Roozbeh Mollaabbasi Elyse Benguerel Carl Brown Georges Houlachi Houshang Alamdari |
| author_facet | Masoomeh Askarian Fariba Mousavi Roozbeh Mollaabbasi Elyse Benguerel Carl Brown Georges Houlachi Houshang Alamdari |
| author_sort | Masoomeh Askarian |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Implementing mixed metal oxide (MMO) anodes in zinc electrowinning is highly desired due to the considerable reduction in electrical energy consumption. However, the presence of manganese in the electrolyte is a major obstacle for implementing MMO anodes in the zinc cell houses. In this work, we explore the possibility of using plant off-gas, containing SO<sub>2</sub>, to remove manganese. A SO<sub>2</sub>/air gas mixture with different SO<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>2</sub> concentrations was therefore used for the oxidative precipitation of manganese. It was shown that the manganese oxidation reaction is highly pH-dependent. Calcium hydroxide was used to control the pH during the process. Different operating parameters, i.e., pH, SO<sub>2</sub>/air ratio, reaction time, and effect of cobalt as a reaction catalyst, were investigated. Optimal conditions for manganese removal were reported. Under the optimal conditions, the manganese concentration decreased from 1 g L<sup>−1</sup> to less than 1 mg L<sup>−1</sup> within 30 min. Precipitates were characterized using EDS, XRF, and XPS techniques and showed coprecipitation of manganese, zinc, gypsum, and cobalt. |
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| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:04:03Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-d38f6d5b371c43f2af4e9219d56506302023-11-19T17:21:18ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012023-09-011310167510.3390/met13101675Towards Using MMO Anodes in Zinc Electrorefining: Mn Removal by Simulated Plant Off-GasMasoomeh Askarian0Fariba Mousavi1Roozbeh Mollaabbasi2Elyse Benguerel3Carl Brown4Georges Houlachi5Houshang Alamdari6Department of Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Université Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, CanadaDepartment of Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Université Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, CanadaDepartment of Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Université Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, CanadaCanadian Electrolytic Zinc Company of Canada (CEZINC), 860 Boul. Gérard-Cadieux, Salaberry-de-Valleyfield, QC J6T 6L4, CanadaDeNora, 7590 Discovery Lane, Concord, OH 44077, USACentre de Recherche d’Hydro-Québec (CRHQ), 600, Avenue de la Montagne, Shawinigan, QC G9N 7N5, CanadaDepartment of Mining, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, Université Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, CanadaImplementing mixed metal oxide (MMO) anodes in zinc electrowinning is highly desired due to the considerable reduction in electrical energy consumption. However, the presence of manganese in the electrolyte is a major obstacle for implementing MMO anodes in the zinc cell houses. In this work, we explore the possibility of using plant off-gas, containing SO<sub>2</sub>, to remove manganese. A SO<sub>2</sub>/air gas mixture with different SO<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>2</sub> concentrations was therefore used for the oxidative precipitation of manganese. It was shown that the manganese oxidation reaction is highly pH-dependent. Calcium hydroxide was used to control the pH during the process. Different operating parameters, i.e., pH, SO<sub>2</sub>/air ratio, reaction time, and effect of cobalt as a reaction catalyst, were investigated. Optimal conditions for manganese removal were reported. Under the optimal conditions, the manganese concentration decreased from 1 g L<sup>−1</sup> to less than 1 mg L<sup>−1</sup> within 30 min. Precipitates were characterized using EDS, XRF, and XPS techniques and showed coprecipitation of manganese, zinc, gypsum, and cobalt.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/10/1675manganese oxidative precipitationSO<sub>2</sub>/air gas mixtureMMO anodescatalytic effect of cobalt |
| spellingShingle | Masoomeh Askarian Fariba Mousavi Roozbeh Mollaabbasi Elyse Benguerel Carl Brown Georges Houlachi Houshang Alamdari Towards Using MMO Anodes in Zinc Electrorefining: Mn Removal by Simulated Plant Off-Gas Metals manganese oxidative precipitation SO<sub>2</sub>/air gas mixture MMO anodes catalytic effect of cobalt |
| title | Towards Using MMO Anodes in Zinc Electrorefining: Mn Removal by Simulated Plant Off-Gas |
| title_full | Towards Using MMO Anodes in Zinc Electrorefining: Mn Removal by Simulated Plant Off-Gas |
| title_fullStr | Towards Using MMO Anodes in Zinc Electrorefining: Mn Removal by Simulated Plant Off-Gas |
| title_full_unstemmed | Towards Using MMO Anodes in Zinc Electrorefining: Mn Removal by Simulated Plant Off-Gas |
| title_short | Towards Using MMO Anodes in Zinc Electrorefining: Mn Removal by Simulated Plant Off-Gas |
| title_sort | towards using mmo anodes in zinc electrorefining mn removal by simulated plant off gas |
| topic | manganese oxidative precipitation SO<sub>2</sub>/air gas mixture MMO anodes catalytic effect of cobalt |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/13/10/1675 |
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