Silencing of ATP Synthase β Impairs Egg Development in the Leafhopper <i>Scaphoideus titanus</i>, Vector of the Phytoplasma Associated with Grapevine Flavescence Dorée
<i>Scaphoideus titanus</i> (Hemiptera: <i>Cicadellidae</i>) is the natural vector of Flavescence dorée phytoplasma, a quarantine pest of grapevine with severe impact on European viticulture. RNA interference (RNAi) machinery components are present in <i>S. titanus</i...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/2/765 |
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| author | Matteo Ripamonti Luca Cerone Simona Abbà Marika Rossi Sara Ottati Sabrina Palmano Cristina Marzachì Luciana Galetto |
| author_facet | Matteo Ripamonti Luca Cerone Simona Abbà Marika Rossi Sara Ottati Sabrina Palmano Cristina Marzachì Luciana Galetto |
| author_sort | Matteo Ripamonti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Scaphoideus titanus</i> (Hemiptera: <i>Cicadellidae</i>) is the natural vector of Flavescence dorée phytoplasma, a quarantine pest of grapevine with severe impact on European viticulture. RNA interference (RNAi) machinery components are present in <i>S. titanus</i> transcriptome and injection of ATP synthase β dsRNAs into adults caused gene silencing, starting three days post injection (dpi) up to 20 dpi, leading to decrease cognate protein. Silencing of this gene in the closely related leafhopper <i>Euscelidius</i><i>variegatus</i> previously showed female sterility and lack of mature eggs in ovaries. Here, alteration of developing egg morphology in <i>S. titanus</i> ovaries as well as overexpression of hexamerin transcript (amino acid storage protein) and cathepsin L protein (lysosome proteinase) were observed in dsATP-injected females. To evaluate RNAi-specificity, <i>E.</i><i>variegatus</i> was used as dsRNA-receiving model-species. Different doses of two sets of dsRNA-constructs targeting distinct portions of ATP synthase β gene of both species induced silencing, lack of egg development, and female sterility in <i>E. variegatus</i>, indicating that off-target effects must be evaluated case by case. The effectiveness of RNAi in <i>S. titanus</i> provides a powerful tool for functional genomics of this non-model species and paves the way toward RNAi-based strategies to limit vector population, despite several technical and regulatory constraints that still need to be overcome to allow open field application. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:19:25Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T01:19:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-d39cef620db94e64a57b47952b87b43b2023-11-23T14:04:01ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-01-0123276510.3390/ijms23020765Silencing of ATP Synthase β Impairs Egg Development in the Leafhopper <i>Scaphoideus titanus</i>, Vector of the Phytoplasma Associated with Grapevine Flavescence DoréeMatteo Ripamonti0Luca Cerone1Simona Abbà2Marika Rossi3Sara Ottati4Sabrina Palmano5Cristina Marzachì6Luciana Galetto7Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile Delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, ItalyIstituto per la Protezione Sostenibile Delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, ItalyIstituto per la Protezione Sostenibile Delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, ItalyIstituto per la Protezione Sostenibile Delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, ItalyIstituto per la Protezione Sostenibile Delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, ItalyIstituto per la Protezione Sostenibile Delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, ItalyIstituto per la Protezione Sostenibile Delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, ItalyIstituto per la Protezione Sostenibile Delle Piante, Consiglio Nazionale Delle Ricerche, IPSP-CNR, Strada delle Cacce 73, 10135 Torino, Italy<i>Scaphoideus titanus</i> (Hemiptera: <i>Cicadellidae</i>) is the natural vector of Flavescence dorée phytoplasma, a quarantine pest of grapevine with severe impact on European viticulture. RNA interference (RNAi) machinery components are present in <i>S. titanus</i> transcriptome and injection of ATP synthase β dsRNAs into adults caused gene silencing, starting three days post injection (dpi) up to 20 dpi, leading to decrease cognate protein. Silencing of this gene in the closely related leafhopper <i>Euscelidius</i><i>variegatus</i> previously showed female sterility and lack of mature eggs in ovaries. Here, alteration of developing egg morphology in <i>S. titanus</i> ovaries as well as overexpression of hexamerin transcript (amino acid storage protein) and cathepsin L protein (lysosome proteinase) were observed in dsATP-injected females. To evaluate RNAi-specificity, <i>E.</i><i>variegatus</i> was used as dsRNA-receiving model-species. Different doses of two sets of dsRNA-constructs targeting distinct portions of ATP synthase β gene of both species induced silencing, lack of egg development, and female sterility in <i>E. variegatus</i>, indicating that off-target effects must be evaluated case by case. The effectiveness of RNAi in <i>S. titanus</i> provides a powerful tool for functional genomics of this non-model species and paves the way toward RNAi-based strategies to limit vector population, despite several technical and regulatory constraints that still need to be overcome to allow open field application.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/2/765RNA interferencehexamerincathepsin LRNAi specificity<i>Euscelidius variegatus</i>female sterility |
| spellingShingle | Matteo Ripamonti Luca Cerone Simona Abbà Marika Rossi Sara Ottati Sabrina Palmano Cristina Marzachì Luciana Galetto Silencing of ATP Synthase β Impairs Egg Development in the Leafhopper <i>Scaphoideus titanus</i>, Vector of the Phytoplasma Associated with Grapevine Flavescence Dorée International Journal of Molecular Sciences RNA interference hexamerin cathepsin L RNAi specificity <i>Euscelidius variegatus</i> female sterility |
| title | Silencing of ATP Synthase β Impairs Egg Development in the Leafhopper <i>Scaphoideus titanus</i>, Vector of the Phytoplasma Associated with Grapevine Flavescence Dorée |
| title_full | Silencing of ATP Synthase β Impairs Egg Development in the Leafhopper <i>Scaphoideus titanus</i>, Vector of the Phytoplasma Associated with Grapevine Flavescence Dorée |
| title_fullStr | Silencing of ATP Synthase β Impairs Egg Development in the Leafhopper <i>Scaphoideus titanus</i>, Vector of the Phytoplasma Associated with Grapevine Flavescence Dorée |
| title_full_unstemmed | Silencing of ATP Synthase β Impairs Egg Development in the Leafhopper <i>Scaphoideus titanus</i>, Vector of the Phytoplasma Associated with Grapevine Flavescence Dorée |
| title_short | Silencing of ATP Synthase β Impairs Egg Development in the Leafhopper <i>Scaphoideus titanus</i>, Vector of the Phytoplasma Associated with Grapevine Flavescence Dorée |
| title_sort | silencing of atp synthase β impairs egg development in the leafhopper i scaphoideus titanus i vector of the phytoplasma associated with grapevine flavescence doree |
| topic | RNA interference hexamerin cathepsin L RNAi specificity <i>Euscelidius variegatus</i> female sterility |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/2/765 |
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