Sex‐Specific Associations Between Alcohol Consumption and Incidence of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Cohort Studies
Background Although it is well established that heavy alcohol consumption increases the risk of hypertension, the risk associated with low levels of alcohol intake in men and women is unclear. Methods and Results We searched Medline and Embase for original cohort studies on the association between a...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2018-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.117.008202 |
| _version_ | 1830231432882028544 |
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| author | Michael Roerecke Sheldon W. Tobe Janusz Kaczorowski Simon L. Bacon Afshin Vafaei Omer S. M. Hasan Rohin J. Krishnan Amidu O. Raifu Jürgen Rehm |
| author_facet | Michael Roerecke Sheldon W. Tobe Janusz Kaczorowski Simon L. Bacon Afshin Vafaei Omer S. M. Hasan Rohin J. Krishnan Amidu O. Raifu Jürgen Rehm |
| author_sort | Michael Roerecke |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Although it is well established that heavy alcohol consumption increases the risk of hypertension, the risk associated with low levels of alcohol intake in men and women is unclear. Methods and Results We searched Medline and Embase for original cohort studies on the association between average alcohol consumption and incidence of hypertension in people without hypertension. Random‐effects meta‐analyses and metaregressions were conducted. Data from 20 articles with 361 254 participants (125 907 men and 235 347 women) and 90 160 incident cases of hypertension (32 426 men and 57 734 women) were included. In people drinking 1 to 2 drinks/day (12 g of pure ethanol per drink), incidence of hypertension differed between men and women (relative riskwomen vs men=0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.67–0.93). In men, the risk for hypertension in comparison with abstainers was relative risk=1.19 (1.07–1.31; I2=59%), 1.51 (1.30–1.76), and 1.74 (1.35–2.24) for consumption of 1 to 2, 3 to 4, and 5 or more standard drinks per day, respectively. In women, there was no increased risk for 1 to 2 drinks/day (relative risk=0.94; 0.88–1.01; I2=73%), and an increased risk for consumption beyond this level (relative risk=1.42; 1.22–1.66). Conclusions Any alcohol consumption was associated with an increase in the risk for hypertension in men. In women, there was no risk increase for consumption of 1 to 2 drinks/day and an increased risk for higher consumption levels. We did not find evidence for a protective effect of alcohol consumption in women, contrary to earlier meta‐analyses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T11:14:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d3a2b04b632b4951b7e4b6a444c07de1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2047-9980 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T11:14:16Z |
| publishDate | 2018-07-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease |
| spelling | doaj.art-d3a2b04b632b4951b7e4b6a444c07de12022-12-21T21:09:57ZengWileyJournal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease2047-99802018-07-0171310.1161/JAHA.117.008202Sex‐Specific Associations Between Alcohol Consumption and Incidence of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Cohort StudiesMichael Roerecke0Sheldon W. Tobe1Janusz Kaczorowski2Simon L. Bacon3Afshin Vafaei4Omer S. M. Hasan5Rohin J. Krishnan6Amidu O. Raifu7Jürgen Rehm8Institute for Mental Health Policy Research Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) Toronto Ontario CanadaDepartment of Medicine University of Toronto Ontario CanadaDepartment of Family and Emergency Medicine Université de Montréal Quebec CanadaDepartment of Exercise Science Concordia University Montreal Quebec CanadaInstitute for Mental Health Policy Research Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) Toronto Ontario CanadaInstitute for Mental Health Policy Research Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) Toronto Ontario CanadaInstitute for Mental Health Policy Research Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) Toronto Ontario CanadaInstitute for Mental Health Policy Research Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) Toronto Ontario CanadaInstitute for Mental Health Policy Research Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) Toronto Ontario CanadaBackground Although it is well established that heavy alcohol consumption increases the risk of hypertension, the risk associated with low levels of alcohol intake in men and women is unclear. Methods and Results We searched Medline and Embase for original cohort studies on the association between average alcohol consumption and incidence of hypertension in people without hypertension. Random‐effects meta‐analyses and metaregressions were conducted. Data from 20 articles with 361 254 participants (125 907 men and 235 347 women) and 90 160 incident cases of hypertension (32 426 men and 57 734 women) were included. In people drinking 1 to 2 drinks/day (12 g of pure ethanol per drink), incidence of hypertension differed between men and women (relative riskwomen vs men=0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.67–0.93). In men, the risk for hypertension in comparison with abstainers was relative risk=1.19 (1.07–1.31; I2=59%), 1.51 (1.30–1.76), and 1.74 (1.35–2.24) for consumption of 1 to 2, 3 to 4, and 5 or more standard drinks per day, respectively. In women, there was no increased risk for 1 to 2 drinks/day (relative risk=0.94; 0.88–1.01; I2=73%), and an increased risk for consumption beyond this level (relative risk=1.42; 1.22–1.66). Conclusions Any alcohol consumption was associated with an increase in the risk for hypertension in men. In women, there was no risk increase for consumption of 1 to 2 drinks/day and an increased risk for higher consumption levels. We did not find evidence for a protective effect of alcohol consumption in women, contrary to earlier meta‐analyses.https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.117.008202alcoholcohort studieshypertensionmeta‐analysissystematic review |
| spellingShingle | Michael Roerecke Sheldon W. Tobe Janusz Kaczorowski Simon L. Bacon Afshin Vafaei Omer S. M. Hasan Rohin J. Krishnan Amidu O. Raifu Jürgen Rehm Sex‐Specific Associations Between Alcohol Consumption and Incidence of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Cohort Studies Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease alcohol cohort studies hypertension meta‐analysis systematic review |
| title | Sex‐Specific Associations Between Alcohol Consumption and Incidence of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Cohort Studies |
| title_full | Sex‐Specific Associations Between Alcohol Consumption and Incidence of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Cohort Studies |
| title_fullStr | Sex‐Specific Associations Between Alcohol Consumption and Incidence of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Cohort Studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sex‐Specific Associations Between Alcohol Consumption and Incidence of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Cohort Studies |
| title_short | Sex‐Specific Associations Between Alcohol Consumption and Incidence of Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Cohort Studies |
| title_sort | sex specific associations between alcohol consumption and incidence of hypertension a systematic review and meta analysis of cohort studies |
| topic | alcohol cohort studies hypertension meta‐analysis systematic review |
| url | https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.117.008202 |
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