Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol over Ru Particles Supported on Mildly Oxidized Biochar
Catalytic hydrogenation of aldehydes is required as the stabilizing step in bio-oils conversion. Ruthenium supported on carbon was used in the present work for hydrogenation of furfural (FF) to furfuryl alcohol (FA). Converting a biochar with no surface area and low carboxyl groups surface density t...
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MDPI AG
2020-08-01
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| Series: | Catalysts |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/10/8/934 |
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| author | Raoof Bardestani Rouholamin Biriaei Serge Kaliaguine |
| author_facet | Raoof Bardestani Rouholamin Biriaei Serge Kaliaguine |
| author_sort | Raoof Bardestani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Catalytic hydrogenation of aldehydes is required as the stabilizing step in bio-oils conversion. Ruthenium supported on carbon was used in the present work for hydrogenation of furfural (FF) to furfuryl alcohol (FA). Converting a biochar with no surface area and low carboxyl groups surface density to an outstanding catalyst support using a very simple mild air/steam oxidation is the original contribution of this work. The mildly oxidized biochar is impregnated with a targeted loading of 2.5 wt.% Ru via ion-exchange, using <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>Ru</mi><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mi>NH</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow><mn>6</mn></msub><msub><mi>Cl</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> precursor. ICP analysis shows that the mild oxidation increases Ru adsorption capacity of untreated biochar from 1.2 to 2.2 wt.%. <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> chemisorption and TEM analysis indicate that the preliminary mild oxidation leads to higher Ru dispersion. XPS analysis also shows that the treatment prevents Ru from surface segregation. The highest value of 93% FA selectivity at 53% FF conversion was obtained in a batch autoclave reactor under optimized conditions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:28:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d3ac6d437568472e8be45912adf3851c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:28:52Z |
| publishDate | 2020-08-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-d3ac6d437568472e8be45912adf3851c2023-11-20T10:06:02ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442020-08-0110893410.3390/catal10080934Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol over Ru Particles Supported on Mildly Oxidized BiocharRaoof Bardestani0Rouholamin Biriaei1Serge Kaliaguine2Département de Génie Chimique, Université Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, CanadaDépartement de Génie Chimique, Université Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, CanadaDépartement de Génie Chimique, Université Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, CanadaCatalytic hydrogenation of aldehydes is required as the stabilizing step in bio-oils conversion. Ruthenium supported on carbon was used in the present work for hydrogenation of furfural (FF) to furfuryl alcohol (FA). Converting a biochar with no surface area and low carboxyl groups surface density to an outstanding catalyst support using a very simple mild air/steam oxidation is the original contribution of this work. The mildly oxidized biochar is impregnated with a targeted loading of 2.5 wt.% Ru via ion-exchange, using <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>Ru</mi><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mi>NH</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow><mn>6</mn></msub><msub><mi>Cl</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> precursor. ICP analysis shows that the mild oxidation increases Ru adsorption capacity of untreated biochar from 1.2 to 2.2 wt.%. <inline-formula><math display="inline"><semantics><msub><mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></semantics></math></inline-formula> chemisorption and TEM analysis indicate that the preliminary mild oxidation leads to higher Ru dispersion. XPS analysis also shows that the treatment prevents Ru from surface segregation. The highest value of 93% FA selectivity at 53% FF conversion was obtained in a batch autoclave reactor under optimized conditions.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/10/8/934biochar oxidationsurface oxygenated functional groupsion-exchangeRu/C catalystfurfural hydrogenation |
| spellingShingle | Raoof Bardestani Rouholamin Biriaei Serge Kaliaguine Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol over Ru Particles Supported on Mildly Oxidized Biochar Catalysts biochar oxidation surface oxygenated functional groups ion-exchange Ru/C catalyst furfural hydrogenation |
| title | Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol over Ru Particles Supported on Mildly Oxidized Biochar |
| title_full | Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol over Ru Particles Supported on Mildly Oxidized Biochar |
| title_fullStr | Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol over Ru Particles Supported on Mildly Oxidized Biochar |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol over Ru Particles Supported on Mildly Oxidized Biochar |
| title_short | Hydrogenation of Furfural to Furfuryl Alcohol over Ru Particles Supported on Mildly Oxidized Biochar |
| title_sort | hydrogenation of furfural to furfuryl alcohol over ru particles supported on mildly oxidized biochar |
| topic | biochar oxidation surface oxygenated functional groups ion-exchange Ru/C catalyst furfural hydrogenation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/10/8/934 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT raoofbardestani hydrogenationoffurfuraltofurfurylalcoholoverruparticlessupportedonmildlyoxidizedbiochar AT rouholaminbiriaei hydrogenationoffurfuraltofurfurylalcoholoverruparticlessupportedonmildlyoxidizedbiochar AT sergekaliaguine hydrogenationoffurfuraltofurfurylalcoholoverruparticlessupportedonmildlyoxidizedbiochar |