Extraction of Antioxidant Compounds and Pigments from Spirulina (<i>Arthrospira platensis</i>) Assisted by Pulsed Electric Fields and the Binary Mixture of Organic Solvents and Water
The application of pulsed electric fields (PEF) is an innovative extraction technology promoting cell membrane electroporation, thus allowing for an efficient recovery, from an energy point of view, of antioxidant compounds (chlorophylls, carotenoids, total phenolic compounds, etc.) from microalgae....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/16/7629 |
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| author | Francisco J. Martí-Quijal Francesc Ramon-Mascarell Noelia Pallarés Emilia Ferrer Houda Berrada Yuthana Phimolsiripol Francisco J. Barba |
| author_facet | Francisco J. Martí-Quijal Francesc Ramon-Mascarell Noelia Pallarés Emilia Ferrer Houda Berrada Yuthana Phimolsiripol Francisco J. Barba |
| author_sort | Francisco J. Martí-Quijal |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The application of pulsed electric fields (PEF) is an innovative extraction technology promoting cell membrane electroporation, thus allowing for an efficient recovery, from an energy point of view, of antioxidant compounds (chlorophylls, carotenoids, total phenolic compounds, etc.) from microalgae. Due to its selectivity and high extraction yield, the effects of PEF pre-treatment (3 kV/cm, 100 kJ/kg) combined with supplementary extraction at different times (5–180 min) and with different solvents (ethanol (EtOH)/H<sub>2</sub>O, 50:50, <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>; dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/H<sub>2</sub>O, 50:50, <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) were evaluated in order to obtain the optimal conditions for the extraction of different antioxidant compounds and pigments. In addition, the results obtained were compared with those of a conventional treatment (without PEF pre-treatment but with constant shaking). After carrying out the different experiments, the best extraction conditions to recover the different compounds were obtained after applying PEF pre-treatment combined with the binary mixture EtOH/H<sub>2</sub>O, 50:50, <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>, for 60–120 min. PEF extraction was more efficient throughout the study, especially at short extraction times (5–15 min). In this sense, recovery of 55–60%, 85–90%, and 60–70% was obtained for chlorophylls, carotenoids, and total phenolic compounds, respectively, compared to the maximum total extracted amount. These results show that PEF improves the extraction yield of antioxidant bioactive compounds from microalgae and is a promising technology due to its profitability and environmental sustainability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:01:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d3af3f1c31894177bf60059d611e2c36 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:01:47Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-d3af3f1c31894177bf60059d611e2c362023-11-22T06:44:35ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-08-011116762910.3390/app11167629Extraction of Antioxidant Compounds and Pigments from Spirulina (<i>Arthrospira platensis</i>) Assisted by Pulsed Electric Fields and the Binary Mixture of Organic Solvents and WaterFrancisco J. Martí-Quijal0Francesc Ramon-Mascarell1Noelia Pallarés2Emilia Ferrer3Houda Berrada4Yuthana Phimolsiripol5Francisco J. Barba6Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, SpainDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, SpainDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, SpainDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, SpainDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, SpainFaculty of Agro-Industry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50100, ThailandDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitat de València, Avda. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, SpainThe application of pulsed electric fields (PEF) is an innovative extraction technology promoting cell membrane electroporation, thus allowing for an efficient recovery, from an energy point of view, of antioxidant compounds (chlorophylls, carotenoids, total phenolic compounds, etc.) from microalgae. Due to its selectivity and high extraction yield, the effects of PEF pre-treatment (3 kV/cm, 100 kJ/kg) combined with supplementary extraction at different times (5–180 min) and with different solvents (ethanol (EtOH)/H<sub>2</sub>O, 50:50, <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>; dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/H<sub>2</sub>O, 50:50, <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>) were evaluated in order to obtain the optimal conditions for the extraction of different antioxidant compounds and pigments. In addition, the results obtained were compared with those of a conventional treatment (without PEF pre-treatment but with constant shaking). After carrying out the different experiments, the best extraction conditions to recover the different compounds were obtained after applying PEF pre-treatment combined with the binary mixture EtOH/H<sub>2</sub>O, 50:50, <i>v</i>/<i>v</i>, for 60–120 min. PEF extraction was more efficient throughout the study, especially at short extraction times (5–15 min). In this sense, recovery of 55–60%, 85–90%, and 60–70% was obtained for chlorophylls, carotenoids, and total phenolic compounds, respectively, compared to the maximum total extracted amount. These results show that PEF improves the extraction yield of antioxidant bioactive compounds from microalgae and is a promising technology due to its profitability and environmental sustainability.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/16/7629pulsed electric fieldsgreen extractionmicroalgaeantioxidantspigments |
| spellingShingle | Francisco J. Martí-Quijal Francesc Ramon-Mascarell Noelia Pallarés Emilia Ferrer Houda Berrada Yuthana Phimolsiripol Francisco J. Barba Extraction of Antioxidant Compounds and Pigments from Spirulina (<i>Arthrospira platensis</i>) Assisted by Pulsed Electric Fields and the Binary Mixture of Organic Solvents and Water Applied Sciences pulsed electric fields green extraction microalgae antioxidants pigments |
| title | Extraction of Antioxidant Compounds and Pigments from Spirulina (<i>Arthrospira platensis</i>) Assisted by Pulsed Electric Fields and the Binary Mixture of Organic Solvents and Water |
| title_full | Extraction of Antioxidant Compounds and Pigments from Spirulina (<i>Arthrospira platensis</i>) Assisted by Pulsed Electric Fields and the Binary Mixture of Organic Solvents and Water |
| title_fullStr | Extraction of Antioxidant Compounds and Pigments from Spirulina (<i>Arthrospira platensis</i>) Assisted by Pulsed Electric Fields and the Binary Mixture of Organic Solvents and Water |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extraction of Antioxidant Compounds and Pigments from Spirulina (<i>Arthrospira platensis</i>) Assisted by Pulsed Electric Fields and the Binary Mixture of Organic Solvents and Water |
| title_short | Extraction of Antioxidant Compounds and Pigments from Spirulina (<i>Arthrospira platensis</i>) Assisted by Pulsed Electric Fields and the Binary Mixture of Organic Solvents and Water |
| title_sort | extraction of antioxidant compounds and pigments from spirulina i arthrospira platensis i assisted by pulsed electric fields and the binary mixture of organic solvents and water |
| topic | pulsed electric fields green extraction microalgae antioxidants pigments |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/16/7629 |
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