Sirtuins and Insulin Resistance
The mammalian Sirtuins (SIRT1-7) are an evolutionarily conserved family of NAD+-dependent deacylase and mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase. Sirtuins display distinct subcellular localizations and functions and are involved in cell survival, senescence, metabolism and genome stability. Among the mammalian S...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2018.00748/full |
| _version_ | 1811253515628052480 |
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| author | Shuang Zhou Xiaoqiang Tang Hou-Zao Chen |
| author_facet | Shuang Zhou Xiaoqiang Tang Hou-Zao Chen |
| author_sort | Shuang Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The mammalian Sirtuins (SIRT1-7) are an evolutionarily conserved family of NAD+-dependent deacylase and mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase. Sirtuins display distinct subcellular localizations and functions and are involved in cell survival, senescence, metabolism and genome stability. Among the mammalian Sirtuins, SIRT1 and SIRT6 have been thoroughly investigated and have prominent metabolic regulatory roles. Moreover, SIRT1 and SIRT6 have been implicated in obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), fatty liver disease and cardiovascular diseases. However, the roles of other Sirtuins are not fully understood. Recent studies have shown that these Sirtuins also play important roles in inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and energy metabolism. Insulin resistance is the critical pathological trait of obesity and metabolic syndrome as well as the core defect in T2DM. Accumulating clinical and experimental animal evidence suggests the potential roles of the remaining Sirtuins in the regulation of insulin resistance through diverse biological mechanisms. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of the functions of Sirtuins in various insulin resistance-associated physiological processes, including inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, the insulin signaling pathway, glucose, and lipid metabolism. In addition, we highlight the important gaps that must be addressed in this field. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T16:52:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d3b593e315bd4a82a66b5bc30755aa7a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-2392 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T16:52:09Z |
| publishDate | 2018-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Endocrinology |
| spelling | doaj.art-d3b593e315bd4a82a66b5bc30755aa7a2022-12-22T03:24:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922018-12-01910.3389/fendo.2018.00748421838Sirtuins and Insulin ResistanceShuang Zhou0Xiaoqiang Tang1Hou-Zao Chen2Internal Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaThe mammalian Sirtuins (SIRT1-7) are an evolutionarily conserved family of NAD+-dependent deacylase and mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase. Sirtuins display distinct subcellular localizations and functions and are involved in cell survival, senescence, metabolism and genome stability. Among the mammalian Sirtuins, SIRT1 and SIRT6 have been thoroughly investigated and have prominent metabolic regulatory roles. Moreover, SIRT1 and SIRT6 have been implicated in obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), fatty liver disease and cardiovascular diseases. However, the roles of other Sirtuins are not fully understood. Recent studies have shown that these Sirtuins also play important roles in inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and energy metabolism. Insulin resistance is the critical pathological trait of obesity and metabolic syndrome as well as the core defect in T2DM. Accumulating clinical and experimental animal evidence suggests the potential roles of the remaining Sirtuins in the regulation of insulin resistance through diverse biological mechanisms. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of the functions of Sirtuins in various insulin resistance-associated physiological processes, including inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, the insulin signaling pathway, glucose, and lipid metabolism. In addition, we highlight the important gaps that must be addressed in this field.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2018.00748/fullsirtuinsinsulin resistancesenescaginginflammationmitochondrial dysfunction |
| spellingShingle | Shuang Zhou Xiaoqiang Tang Hou-Zao Chen Sirtuins and Insulin Resistance Frontiers in Endocrinology sirtuins insulin resistance senescaging inflammation mitochondrial dysfunction |
| title | Sirtuins and Insulin Resistance |
| title_full | Sirtuins and Insulin Resistance |
| title_fullStr | Sirtuins and Insulin Resistance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sirtuins and Insulin Resistance |
| title_short | Sirtuins and Insulin Resistance |
| title_sort | sirtuins and insulin resistance |
| topic | sirtuins insulin resistance senescaging inflammation mitochondrial dysfunction |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2018.00748/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shuangzhou sirtuinsandinsulinresistance AT xiaoqiangtang sirtuinsandinsulinresistance AT houzaochen sirtuinsandinsulinresistance |