Key Considerations for the Development of Safe and Effective SARS‐CoV‐2 Subunit Vaccine: A Peptide‐Based Vaccine Alternative
Abstract COVID‐19 is disastrous to global health and the economy. SARS‐CoV‐2 infection exhibits similar clinical symptoms and immunopathological sequelae to SARS‐CoV infection. Therefore, much of the developmental progress on SARS‐CoV vaccines can be utilized for the development of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccin...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Advanced Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202100985 |
| _version_ | 1818458336859783168 |
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| author | Ahmed O. Shalash Waleed M. Hussein Mariusz Skwarczynski Istvan Toth |
| author_facet | Ahmed O. Shalash Waleed M. Hussein Mariusz Skwarczynski Istvan Toth |
| author_sort | Ahmed O. Shalash |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract COVID‐19 is disastrous to global health and the economy. SARS‐CoV‐2 infection exhibits similar clinical symptoms and immunopathological sequelae to SARS‐CoV infection. Therefore, much of the developmental progress on SARS‐CoV vaccines can be utilized for the development of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines. Careful antigen selection during development is always of utmost importance for the production of effective vaccines that do not compromise recipient safety. This holds especially true for SARS‐CoV vaccines, as several immunopathological disorders are associated with the activity of structural and nonstructural proteins encoded in the virus's genetic material. Whole viral protein and RNA‐encoding full‐length proteins contain both protective and “dangerous” sequences, unless pathological fragments are deleted. In light of recent advances, peptide vaccines may present a very safe and effective alternative. Peptide vaccines can avoid immunopathological pro‐inflammatory sequences, focus immune responses on neutralizing immunogenic epitopes, avoid off‐target antigen loss, combine antigens with different protective roles or mechanisms, even from different viral proteins, and avoid mutant escape by employing highly conserved cryptic epitopes. In this review, an attempt is made to exploit the similarities between SARS‐CoV and SARS‐CoV‐2 in vaccine antigen screening, with particular attention to the pathological and immunogenic properties of SARS proteins. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T22:56:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d3bdc76800e94eb2984965e44c37ed9e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2198-3844 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T22:56:51Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advanced Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-d3bdc76800e94eb2984965e44c37ed9e2022-12-21T22:44:35ZengWileyAdvanced Science2198-38442021-08-01816n/an/a10.1002/advs.202100985Key Considerations for the Development of Safe and Effective SARS‐CoV‐2 Subunit Vaccine: A Peptide‐Based Vaccine AlternativeAhmed O. Shalash0Waleed M. Hussein1Mariusz Skwarczynski2Istvan Toth3School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland St. Lucia QLD 4072 AustraliaSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland St. Lucia QLD 4072 AustraliaSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland St. Lucia QLD 4072 AustraliaSchool of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences The University of Queensland St. Lucia QLD 4072 AustraliaAbstract COVID‐19 is disastrous to global health and the economy. SARS‐CoV‐2 infection exhibits similar clinical symptoms and immunopathological sequelae to SARS‐CoV infection. Therefore, much of the developmental progress on SARS‐CoV vaccines can be utilized for the development of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccines. Careful antigen selection during development is always of utmost importance for the production of effective vaccines that do not compromise recipient safety. This holds especially true for SARS‐CoV vaccines, as several immunopathological disorders are associated with the activity of structural and nonstructural proteins encoded in the virus's genetic material. Whole viral protein and RNA‐encoding full‐length proteins contain both protective and “dangerous” sequences, unless pathological fragments are deleted. In light of recent advances, peptide vaccines may present a very safe and effective alternative. Peptide vaccines can avoid immunopathological pro‐inflammatory sequences, focus immune responses on neutralizing immunogenic epitopes, avoid off‐target antigen loss, combine antigens with different protective roles or mechanisms, even from different viral proteins, and avoid mutant escape by employing highly conserved cryptic epitopes. In this review, an attempt is made to exploit the similarities between SARS‐CoV and SARS‐CoV‐2 in vaccine antigen screening, with particular attention to the pathological and immunogenic properties of SARS proteins.https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202100985angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2antibody‐dependent enhancementcritical binding residuesneutralizing antibodiesreceptor binding domainSARS‐CoV‐2 |
| spellingShingle | Ahmed O. Shalash Waleed M. Hussein Mariusz Skwarczynski Istvan Toth Key Considerations for the Development of Safe and Effective SARS‐CoV‐2 Subunit Vaccine: A Peptide‐Based Vaccine Alternative Advanced Science angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 antibody‐dependent enhancement critical binding residues neutralizing antibodies receptor binding domain SARS‐CoV‐2 |
| title | Key Considerations for the Development of Safe and Effective SARS‐CoV‐2 Subunit Vaccine: A Peptide‐Based Vaccine Alternative |
| title_full | Key Considerations for the Development of Safe and Effective SARS‐CoV‐2 Subunit Vaccine: A Peptide‐Based Vaccine Alternative |
| title_fullStr | Key Considerations for the Development of Safe and Effective SARS‐CoV‐2 Subunit Vaccine: A Peptide‐Based Vaccine Alternative |
| title_full_unstemmed | Key Considerations for the Development of Safe and Effective SARS‐CoV‐2 Subunit Vaccine: A Peptide‐Based Vaccine Alternative |
| title_short | Key Considerations for the Development of Safe and Effective SARS‐CoV‐2 Subunit Vaccine: A Peptide‐Based Vaccine Alternative |
| title_sort | key considerations for the development of safe and effective sars cov 2 subunit vaccine a peptide based vaccine alternative |
| topic | angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 antibody‐dependent enhancement critical binding residues neutralizing antibodies receptor binding domain SARS‐CoV‐2 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202100985 |
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