Air quality and health co-benefits of climate change mitigation and adaptation actions by 2030: an interdisciplinary modeling study in Ahmedabad, India
Climate change-driven temperature increases worsen air quality in places where coal combustion powers electricity for air conditioning. Climate solutions that substitute clean and renewable energy in place of polluting coal and promote adaptation to warming through reflective cool roofs can reduce c...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Environmental Research: Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-5309/aca7d8 |
| _version_ | 1797698337551417344 |
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| author | Vijay S Limaye Akhilesh Magal Jaykumar Joshi Sujit Maji Priya Dutta Prashant Rajput Shyam Pingle Prima Madan Polash Mukerjee Shahana Bano Gufran Beig Dileep Mavalankar Anjali Jaiswal Kim Knowlton |
| author_facet | Vijay S Limaye Akhilesh Magal Jaykumar Joshi Sujit Maji Priya Dutta Prashant Rajput Shyam Pingle Prima Madan Polash Mukerjee Shahana Bano Gufran Beig Dileep Mavalankar Anjali Jaiswal Kim Knowlton |
| author_sort | Vijay S Limaye |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Climate change-driven temperature increases worsen air quality in places where coal combustion powers electricity for air conditioning. Climate solutions that substitute clean and renewable energy in place of polluting coal and promote adaptation to warming through reflective cool roofs can reduce cooling energy demand in buildings, lower power sector carbon emissions, and improve air quality and health. We investigate the air quality and health co-benefits of climate solutions in Ahmedabad, India—a city where air pollution levels exceed national health-based standards—through an interdisciplinary modeling approach. Using a 2018 baseline, we quantify changes in fine particulate matter (PM _2.5 ) air pollution and all-cause mortality in 2030 from increasing renewable energy use (mitigation) and expanding Ahmedabad’s cool roofs heat resilience program (adaptation). We apply local demographic and health data and compare a 2030 mitigation and adaptation (M&A) scenario to a 2030 business-as-usual (BAU) scenario (without climate change response actions), each relative to 2018 pollution levels. We estimate that the 2030 BAU scenario results in an increase of PM _2.5 air pollution of 4.13 µ g m ^−3 from 2018 compared to a 0.11 µ g m ^−3 decline from 2018 under the 2030 M&A scenario. Reduced PM _2.5 air pollution under 2030 M&A results in 1216–1414 fewer premature all-cause deaths annually compared to 2030 BAU. Achievement of National Clean Air Programme, National Ambient Air Quality Standards, or World Health Organization annual PM _2.5 Air Quality Guideline targets in 2030 results in up to 6510, 9047, or 17 369 fewer annual deaths, respectively, relative to 2030 BAU. This comprehensive modeling method is adaptable to estimate local air quality and health co-benefits in other settings by integrating climate, energy, cooling, land cover, air pollution, and health data. Our findings demonstrate that city-level climate change response policies can achieve substantial air quality and health co-benefits. Such work can inform public discourse on the near-term health benefits of mitigation and adaptation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T03:52:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d3c18851fff348769266aa7dee55ab30 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2752-5309 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T03:52:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Research: Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-d3c18851fff348769266aa7dee55ab302023-09-03T12:15:25ZengIOP PublishingEnvironmental Research: Health2752-53092023-01-011202100310.1088/2752-5309/aca7d8Air quality and health co-benefits of climate change mitigation and adaptation actions by 2030: an interdisciplinary modeling study in Ahmedabad, IndiaVijay S Limaye0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3118-6912Akhilesh Magal1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0465-4998Jaykumar Joshi2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4190-3471Sujit Maji3https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9175-3339Priya Dutta4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0233-1335Prashant Rajput5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8132-7165Shyam Pingle6Prima Madan7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9022-8599Polash Mukerjee8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3544-5240Shahana Bano9Gufran Beig10https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5564-7210Dileep Mavalankar11https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-3799Anjali Jaiswal12https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9509-7527Kim Knowlton13https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8075-7817Natural Resources Defense Council 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011, United States of AmericaGujarat Energy and Research Management Institute (Former) , PDPU Road, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382007, IndiaGujarat Energy and Research Management Institute (Former) , PDPU Road, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382007, IndiaIndian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences , Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Panchawati, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, IndiaIndian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar , NH-147, Palaj Village, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382042, IndiaIndian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar , NH-147, Palaj Village, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382042, IndiaIndian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar , NH-147, Palaj Village, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382042, IndiaNatural Resources Defense Council 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011, United States of AmericaNatural Resources Defense Council 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011, United States of AmericaIndian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences , Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Panchawati, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, IndiaIndian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Ministry of Earth Sciences , Dr Homi Bhabha Road, Panchawati, Pashan, Pune, Maharashtra 411008, IndiaIndian Institute of Public Health, Gandhinagar , NH-147, Palaj Village, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382042, IndiaNatural Resources Defense Council 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011, United States of AmericaNatural Resources Defense Council 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011, United States of America; Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University , 722 W 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, United States of AmericaClimate change-driven temperature increases worsen air quality in places where coal combustion powers electricity for air conditioning. Climate solutions that substitute clean and renewable energy in place of polluting coal and promote adaptation to warming through reflective cool roofs can reduce cooling energy demand in buildings, lower power sector carbon emissions, and improve air quality and health. We investigate the air quality and health co-benefits of climate solutions in Ahmedabad, India—a city where air pollution levels exceed national health-based standards—through an interdisciplinary modeling approach. Using a 2018 baseline, we quantify changes in fine particulate matter (PM _2.5 ) air pollution and all-cause mortality in 2030 from increasing renewable energy use (mitigation) and expanding Ahmedabad’s cool roofs heat resilience program (adaptation). We apply local demographic and health data and compare a 2030 mitigation and adaptation (M&A) scenario to a 2030 business-as-usual (BAU) scenario (without climate change response actions), each relative to 2018 pollution levels. We estimate that the 2030 BAU scenario results in an increase of PM _2.5 air pollution of 4.13 µ g m ^−3 from 2018 compared to a 0.11 µ g m ^−3 decline from 2018 under the 2030 M&A scenario. Reduced PM _2.5 air pollution under 2030 M&A results in 1216–1414 fewer premature all-cause deaths annually compared to 2030 BAU. Achievement of National Clean Air Programme, National Ambient Air Quality Standards, or World Health Organization annual PM _2.5 Air Quality Guideline targets in 2030 results in up to 6510, 9047, or 17 369 fewer annual deaths, respectively, relative to 2030 BAU. This comprehensive modeling method is adaptable to estimate local air quality and health co-benefits in other settings by integrating climate, energy, cooling, land cover, air pollution, and health data. Our findings demonstrate that city-level climate change response policies can achieve substantial air quality and health co-benefits. Such work can inform public discourse on the near-term health benefits of mitigation and adaptation.https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-5309/aca7d8Indiamitigationadaptationhealthclimate changeco-benefits |
| spellingShingle | Vijay S Limaye Akhilesh Magal Jaykumar Joshi Sujit Maji Priya Dutta Prashant Rajput Shyam Pingle Prima Madan Polash Mukerjee Shahana Bano Gufran Beig Dileep Mavalankar Anjali Jaiswal Kim Knowlton Air quality and health co-benefits of climate change mitigation and adaptation actions by 2030: an interdisciplinary modeling study in Ahmedabad, India Environmental Research: Health India mitigation adaptation health climate change co-benefits |
| title | Air quality and health co-benefits of climate change mitigation and adaptation actions by 2030: an interdisciplinary modeling study in Ahmedabad, India |
| title_full | Air quality and health co-benefits of climate change mitigation and adaptation actions by 2030: an interdisciplinary modeling study in Ahmedabad, India |
| title_fullStr | Air quality and health co-benefits of climate change mitigation and adaptation actions by 2030: an interdisciplinary modeling study in Ahmedabad, India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Air quality and health co-benefits of climate change mitigation and adaptation actions by 2030: an interdisciplinary modeling study in Ahmedabad, India |
| title_short | Air quality and health co-benefits of climate change mitigation and adaptation actions by 2030: an interdisciplinary modeling study in Ahmedabad, India |
| title_sort | air quality and health co benefits of climate change mitigation and adaptation actions by 2030 an interdisciplinary modeling study in ahmedabad india |
| topic | India mitigation adaptation health climate change co-benefits |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1088/2752-5309/aca7d8 |
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