A new approach for evaluating lateral resistance of railway ballast associated with extended sleeper spacing
Recently, attempts have been made to replace wooden sleepers with concrete sleepers with expanded sleeper spacing, especially on conventional railway lines. By extending sleeper spacing in the replacement process, the number of sleepers required is lower. A reduction in the number of sleepers can re...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Soils and Foundations |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038080621001372 |
| _version_ | 1818460190847008768 |
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| author | Emiri Koyama Kazuki Ito Kimitoshi Hayano Yoshitsugu Momoya |
| author_facet | Emiri Koyama Kazuki Ito Kimitoshi Hayano Yoshitsugu Momoya |
| author_sort | Emiri Koyama |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recently, attempts have been made to replace wooden sleepers with concrete sleepers with expanded sleeper spacing, especially on conventional railway lines. By extending sleeper spacing in the replacement process, the number of sleepers required is lower. A reduction in the number of sleepers can reduce replacement costs. Behind this attempt to change materials and spacing is the generally held notion the lateral resistance of a ballast is unchanged after the change in the sleeper spacing, whether it is a wooden or a concrete sleeper. However, the changes in the interference degrees of adjacent sleepers and in the rail weight supported by each sleeper are expected to affect the lateral resistance of the ballast. They can change the lateral stability of ballasted tracks in a more complicated fashion than the simple effect of a reduced number of sleepers. However, the current standard design does not consider the combined effects of these changes on the lateral resistance of a ballast. Accordingly, the design of ballasted tracks with extended sleeper spacing cannot be optimized.Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the lateral resistance characteristics of a ballast as associated with changes in the sleeper spacing of conventional railway lines. First, single-sleeper pullout tests were conducted on models based on various sleeper spacing conditions to evaluate the lateral resistance of the ballast. The effect of the rail weight on the lateral resistance of the ballast was determined from the test results. An increased frictional resistance at the sleeper bottom was considered to contribute to an increase in the lateral resistance; thus, the friction angle between the ballast and sleeper bottom was used to evaluate the degree of increase. Subsequently, track panel pullout tests were conducted by simulating an expansion of the sleeper spacing. Based on the test results, the effect of the interference between adjacent sleepers on the lateral resistance per sleeper was investigated. The obtained results were quantitatively modeled as a function by using the sleeper width as a parameter (as normalized by the sleeper spacing). Finally, a new approach was proposed for estimating the lateral resistance of a ballast which considered the change in the sleeper spacing for conventional railway lines. The method considered the combined effects of change in the interference of adjacent sleepers and in the rail weight supported by each sleeper on the lateral resistance. Based on the results calculated by the proposed method, practical applications were examined by determining the extent to which the sleeper spacing could be increased without reducing the lateral resistance of the ballast when replacing wooden sleepers with concrete sleepers. It was demonstrated that the proposed method could improve the estimation accuracy of the lateral resistance of a ballast track with extended sleeper spacing. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T23:26:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d3cb5e1c235b46a68d781e4439645e5a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2524-1788 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T23:26:19Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Soils and Foundations |
| spelling | doaj.art-d3cb5e1c235b46a68d781e4439645e5a2022-12-21T22:43:48ZengElsevierSoils and Foundations2524-17882021-12-0161615651580A new approach for evaluating lateral resistance of railway ballast associated with extended sleeper spacingEmiri Koyama0Kazuki Ito1Kimitoshi Hayano2Yoshitsugu Momoya3Graduate School of Urban Innovation, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogayaku, Yokohama 240-8501, JapanTrack Structures and Geotechnology Laboratory, Railway Technical Research Institute, 2-8-38 Hikari-cho, Kokubunji, Tokyo 185-8540, JapanFaculty of Urban Innovation, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogayaku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan; Corresponding author.Track Structures and Geotechnology Laboratory, Railway Technical Research Institute, 2-8-38 Hikari-cho, Kokubunji, Tokyo 185-8540, JapanRecently, attempts have been made to replace wooden sleepers with concrete sleepers with expanded sleeper spacing, especially on conventional railway lines. By extending sleeper spacing in the replacement process, the number of sleepers required is lower. A reduction in the number of sleepers can reduce replacement costs. Behind this attempt to change materials and spacing is the generally held notion the lateral resistance of a ballast is unchanged after the change in the sleeper spacing, whether it is a wooden or a concrete sleeper. However, the changes in the interference degrees of adjacent sleepers and in the rail weight supported by each sleeper are expected to affect the lateral resistance of the ballast. They can change the lateral stability of ballasted tracks in a more complicated fashion than the simple effect of a reduced number of sleepers. However, the current standard design does not consider the combined effects of these changes on the lateral resistance of a ballast. Accordingly, the design of ballasted tracks with extended sleeper spacing cannot be optimized.Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the lateral resistance characteristics of a ballast as associated with changes in the sleeper spacing of conventional railway lines. First, single-sleeper pullout tests were conducted on models based on various sleeper spacing conditions to evaluate the lateral resistance of the ballast. The effect of the rail weight on the lateral resistance of the ballast was determined from the test results. An increased frictional resistance at the sleeper bottom was considered to contribute to an increase in the lateral resistance; thus, the friction angle between the ballast and sleeper bottom was used to evaluate the degree of increase. Subsequently, track panel pullout tests were conducted by simulating an expansion of the sleeper spacing. Based on the test results, the effect of the interference between adjacent sleepers on the lateral resistance per sleeper was investigated. The obtained results were quantitatively modeled as a function by using the sleeper width as a parameter (as normalized by the sleeper spacing). Finally, a new approach was proposed for estimating the lateral resistance of a ballast which considered the change in the sleeper spacing for conventional railway lines. The method considered the combined effects of change in the interference of adjacent sleepers and in the rail weight supported by each sleeper on the lateral resistance. Based on the results calculated by the proposed method, practical applications were examined by determining the extent to which the sleeper spacing could be increased without reducing the lateral resistance of the ballast when replacing wooden sleepers with concrete sleepers. It was demonstrated that the proposed method could improve the estimation accuracy of the lateral resistance of a ballast track with extended sleeper spacing.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038080621001372Railway ballastLateral resistanceSleeper spacingGroup pile efficiencyRail weight |
| spellingShingle | Emiri Koyama Kazuki Ito Kimitoshi Hayano Yoshitsugu Momoya A new approach for evaluating lateral resistance of railway ballast associated with extended sleeper spacing Soils and Foundations Railway ballast Lateral resistance Sleeper spacing Group pile efficiency Rail weight |
| title | A new approach for evaluating lateral resistance of railway ballast associated with extended sleeper spacing |
| title_full | A new approach for evaluating lateral resistance of railway ballast associated with extended sleeper spacing |
| title_fullStr | A new approach for evaluating lateral resistance of railway ballast associated with extended sleeper spacing |
| title_full_unstemmed | A new approach for evaluating lateral resistance of railway ballast associated with extended sleeper spacing |
| title_short | A new approach for evaluating lateral resistance of railway ballast associated with extended sleeper spacing |
| title_sort | new approach for evaluating lateral resistance of railway ballast associated with extended sleeper spacing |
| topic | Railway ballast Lateral resistance Sleeper spacing Group pile efficiency Rail weight |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038080621001372 |
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