Effectiveness of a blended school-based mindfulness program for the prevention of co-rumination and internalizing problems in Dutch secondary school girls: a cluster randomized controlled trial
Abstract Background A growing body of literature indicates that adolescent girls who talk with close friends about interpersonal problems or worries in an excessive, speculative way, and with an intense focus on distress (i.e., co-rumination) are at heightened risk for developing internalizing sympt...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Trials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-023-07885-x |
| _version_ | 1827382029693485056 |
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| author | Patricia Vuijk Kim Bul Marieke Buil Marloes Rauws Keshia Curie Charlotte Amesz Ron Weerheijm Heleen Riper |
| author_facet | Patricia Vuijk Kim Bul Marieke Buil Marloes Rauws Keshia Curie Charlotte Amesz Ron Weerheijm Heleen Riper |
| author_sort | Patricia Vuijk |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background A growing body of literature indicates that adolescent girls who talk with close friends about interpersonal problems or worries in an excessive, speculative way, and with an intense focus on distress (i.e., co-rumination) are at heightened risk for developing internalizing symptoms and disorders as well as reduced friendship quality. However, to date, there are no prevention programs available that target high levels of co-rumination between adolescent girls. As such, we developed the blended school-based mindfulness prevention program Happy Friends, Positive Minds (HFPM) that targets co-rumination at the dyadic level, i.e., between two close female friends. The aim of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of HFPM to reduce co-rumination and internalizing problems and to enhance wellbeing and social-emotional behavior in Dutch adolescent girls. Methods A cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (cRCT) will be conducted to evaluate HFPM effectiveness. We will recruit 160 female friendship dyads (n = 320 girls) aged 13 to 15 years who will be characterized by high levels of self-reported co-rumination. The cRCT has two arms: (1) an intervention condition in which 160 girls (80 friendship dyads) will receive the 14-week HFPM program in two consecutive cohorts (cohort 1 in academic year 2023/2024 and cohort 2 in academic year 2024/2025, and (2) a control condition in which 160 girls (80 dyads) will receive care-as-usual (CAU) in two consecutive cohorts (cohort 1 in academic year 2023/2024 and cohort 2 in academic year 2024/2025). Data will be collected at baseline (T0), during the program (T1;T2; T3), immediately after the program (T4), and at 1-year follow-up (T5). Participant-level self-reported risk for (early onset) depression and anxiety, self-reported and observed co-rumination, self- and friend-reported friendship quality, self-reported positive and negative affect, self-reported interpersonal responses to positive affect, and self-reported anhedonia symptoms will be the outcome variables. Discussion This study will provide insights into the short-term and long-term effects of the HFPM program on girls’ internalizing problems, wellbeing, and social-emotional behavior. Trial registration International Standard Randomized Controlled Trials, identifier: ISRCTN54246670. Registered on 27 February 2023. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T14:13:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d3dc015c654d479197fe22387bf57d67 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1745-6215 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T14:13:34Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Trials |
| spelling | doaj.art-d3dc015c654d479197fe22387bf57d672024-01-14T12:35:17ZengBMCTrials1745-62152024-01-0125112610.1186/s13063-023-07885-xEffectiveness of a blended school-based mindfulness program for the prevention of co-rumination and internalizing problems in Dutch secondary school girls: a cluster randomized controlled trialPatricia Vuijk0Kim Bul1Marieke Buil2Marloes Rauws3Keshia Curie4Charlotte Amesz5Ron Weerheijm6Heleen Riper7Research Centre Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied SciencesInstitute for Health and Wellbeing, Centre for Intelligent Healthcare, Coventry UniversityDepartment of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, section Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamResearch Centre Urban Talent, Rotterdam University of Applied SciencesResearch Centre Urban Talent, Rotterdam University of Applied SciencesResearch Centre Urban Talent, Rotterdam University of Applied SciencesResearch Centre Innovations in Care, Rotterdam University of Applied SciencesDepartment of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Section Clinical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit AmsterdamAbstract Background A growing body of literature indicates that adolescent girls who talk with close friends about interpersonal problems or worries in an excessive, speculative way, and with an intense focus on distress (i.e., co-rumination) are at heightened risk for developing internalizing symptoms and disorders as well as reduced friendship quality. However, to date, there are no prevention programs available that target high levels of co-rumination between adolescent girls. As such, we developed the blended school-based mindfulness prevention program Happy Friends, Positive Minds (HFPM) that targets co-rumination at the dyadic level, i.e., between two close female friends. The aim of this trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of HFPM to reduce co-rumination and internalizing problems and to enhance wellbeing and social-emotional behavior in Dutch adolescent girls. Methods A cluster Randomized Controlled Trial (cRCT) will be conducted to evaluate HFPM effectiveness. We will recruit 160 female friendship dyads (n = 320 girls) aged 13 to 15 years who will be characterized by high levels of self-reported co-rumination. The cRCT has two arms: (1) an intervention condition in which 160 girls (80 friendship dyads) will receive the 14-week HFPM program in two consecutive cohorts (cohort 1 in academic year 2023/2024 and cohort 2 in academic year 2024/2025, and (2) a control condition in which 160 girls (80 dyads) will receive care-as-usual (CAU) in two consecutive cohorts (cohort 1 in academic year 2023/2024 and cohort 2 in academic year 2024/2025). Data will be collected at baseline (T0), during the program (T1;T2; T3), immediately after the program (T4), and at 1-year follow-up (T5). Participant-level self-reported risk for (early onset) depression and anxiety, self-reported and observed co-rumination, self- and friend-reported friendship quality, self-reported positive and negative affect, self-reported interpersonal responses to positive affect, and self-reported anhedonia symptoms will be the outcome variables. Discussion This study will provide insights into the short-term and long-term effects of the HFPM program on girls’ internalizing problems, wellbeing, and social-emotional behavior. Trial registration International Standard Randomized Controlled Trials, identifier: ISRCTN54246670. Registered on 27 February 2023.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-023-07885-xAdolescenceGirlsCo-ruminationInternalizing problemsPreventionMindfulness |
| spellingShingle | Patricia Vuijk Kim Bul Marieke Buil Marloes Rauws Keshia Curie Charlotte Amesz Ron Weerheijm Heleen Riper Effectiveness of a blended school-based mindfulness program for the prevention of co-rumination and internalizing problems in Dutch secondary school girls: a cluster randomized controlled trial Trials Adolescence Girls Co-rumination Internalizing problems Prevention Mindfulness |
| title | Effectiveness of a blended school-based mindfulness program for the prevention of co-rumination and internalizing problems in Dutch secondary school girls: a cluster randomized controlled trial |
| title_full | Effectiveness of a blended school-based mindfulness program for the prevention of co-rumination and internalizing problems in Dutch secondary school girls: a cluster randomized controlled trial |
| title_fullStr | Effectiveness of a blended school-based mindfulness program for the prevention of co-rumination and internalizing problems in Dutch secondary school girls: a cluster randomized controlled trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effectiveness of a blended school-based mindfulness program for the prevention of co-rumination and internalizing problems in Dutch secondary school girls: a cluster randomized controlled trial |
| title_short | Effectiveness of a blended school-based mindfulness program for the prevention of co-rumination and internalizing problems in Dutch secondary school girls: a cluster randomized controlled trial |
| title_sort | effectiveness of a blended school based mindfulness program for the prevention of co rumination and internalizing problems in dutch secondary school girls a cluster randomized controlled trial |
| topic | Adolescence Girls Co-rumination Internalizing problems Prevention Mindfulness |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-023-07885-x |
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