Environmental hazard assessment for polymeric and inorganic nanobiomaterials used in drug delivery
Abstract Background The increasing development and use of nanobiomaterials raises questions about their potential adverse effects on the environment after excretion and release. Published ecotoxicological data was searched for five polymeric nanobiomaterials [chitosan, polylactic acid (PLA), polyacr...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nanobiotechnology |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12951-019-0489-8 |
| _version_ | 1798039816305115136 |
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| author | Marina Hauser Guangyu Li Bernd Nowack |
| author_facet | Marina Hauser Guangyu Li Bernd Nowack |
| author_sort | Marina Hauser |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background The increasing development and use of nanobiomaterials raises questions about their potential adverse effects on the environment after excretion and release. Published ecotoxicological data was searched for five polymeric nanobiomaterials [chitosan, polylactic acid (PLA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), and poly(lactic–glycolic acid) (PLGA)] and one inorganic nanobiomaterial [hydroxyapatite (HAP)] to evaluate the environmental hazards for freshwater and soil using a meta-analysis. If enough data was available, a probabilistic species sensitivity distribution (pSSD) and from this a predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) was calculated. If only one data point was available, a PNEC was calculated based on the most sensitive endpoint. Each material was classified either as “nano” or “non-nano”, depending on the categorization in the original articles. When the original article specified that the material consisted of nanoparticles, the material was classified as nano; when nothing was mentioned, the material was classified as “non-nano”. Results For PLA, PHA and PLGA, no published data on ecotoxicity was found and therefore no hazard assessment could be conducted. In soils, HAP was found to have the lowest PNEC with 0.3 mg/kg, followed by PAN and chitosan. In freshwater, chitosan was found to have the lowest PNEC with 5 µg/l, followed by nano-chitosan, HAP and PAN. Conclusion Compared with other common pollutants, even the most sensitive of the selected nanobiomaterials, chitosan, is less toxic than engineered nanomaterials such as nano-ZnO and nano-Ag, some common antibiotics, heavy metals or organic pollutants such as triclosan. Given the current knowledge, the nanobiomaterials covered in this work therefore pose only little or no environmental hazard. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:58:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d3e0c16cd93a404eb5b1aa2b022fce2b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1477-3155 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:58:54Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nanobiotechnology |
| spelling | doaj.art-d3e0c16cd93a404eb5b1aa2b022fce2b2022-12-22T04:01:00ZengBMCJournal of Nanobiotechnology1477-31552019-04-0117111010.1186/s12951-019-0489-8Environmental hazard assessment for polymeric and inorganic nanobiomaterials used in drug deliveryMarina Hauser0Guangyu Li1Bernd Nowack2Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyEmpa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyEmpa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and TechnologyAbstract Background The increasing development and use of nanobiomaterials raises questions about their potential adverse effects on the environment after excretion and release. Published ecotoxicological data was searched for five polymeric nanobiomaterials [chitosan, polylactic acid (PLA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA), and poly(lactic–glycolic acid) (PLGA)] and one inorganic nanobiomaterial [hydroxyapatite (HAP)] to evaluate the environmental hazards for freshwater and soil using a meta-analysis. If enough data was available, a probabilistic species sensitivity distribution (pSSD) and from this a predicted no effect concentration (PNEC) was calculated. If only one data point was available, a PNEC was calculated based on the most sensitive endpoint. Each material was classified either as “nano” or “non-nano”, depending on the categorization in the original articles. When the original article specified that the material consisted of nanoparticles, the material was classified as nano; when nothing was mentioned, the material was classified as “non-nano”. Results For PLA, PHA and PLGA, no published data on ecotoxicity was found and therefore no hazard assessment could be conducted. In soils, HAP was found to have the lowest PNEC with 0.3 mg/kg, followed by PAN and chitosan. In freshwater, chitosan was found to have the lowest PNEC with 5 µg/l, followed by nano-chitosan, HAP and PAN. Conclusion Compared with other common pollutants, even the most sensitive of the selected nanobiomaterials, chitosan, is less toxic than engineered nanomaterials such as nano-ZnO and nano-Ag, some common antibiotics, heavy metals or organic pollutants such as triclosan. Given the current knowledge, the nanobiomaterials covered in this work therefore pose only little or no environmental hazard.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12951-019-0489-8 |
| spellingShingle | Marina Hauser Guangyu Li Bernd Nowack Environmental hazard assessment for polymeric and inorganic nanobiomaterials used in drug delivery Journal of Nanobiotechnology |
| title | Environmental hazard assessment for polymeric and inorganic nanobiomaterials used in drug delivery |
| title_full | Environmental hazard assessment for polymeric and inorganic nanobiomaterials used in drug delivery |
| title_fullStr | Environmental hazard assessment for polymeric and inorganic nanobiomaterials used in drug delivery |
| title_full_unstemmed | Environmental hazard assessment for polymeric and inorganic nanobiomaterials used in drug delivery |
| title_short | Environmental hazard assessment for polymeric and inorganic nanobiomaterials used in drug delivery |
| title_sort | environmental hazard assessment for polymeric and inorganic nanobiomaterials used in drug delivery |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12951-019-0489-8 |
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