Beam-facing material selection for mitigation of residual doses in the HEBT of IFMIF-DONES
IFMIF-DONES will be an irradiation facility based on a 40 MeV deuteron accelerator. Unavoidable beam losses along the accelerator result in deuterium interactions with the beam facing materials of the vacuum beam pipe, some of them leading to material activation. The initial design of the beam pipe...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Nuclear Materials and Energy |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352179124000140 |
| _version_ | 1797262950841450496 |
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| author | Francisco Ogando Llorenç Macia Victor Lopez Ivan Podadera Daniel Sanchez-Herranz |
| author_facet | Francisco Ogando Llorenç Macia Victor Lopez Ivan Podadera Daniel Sanchez-Herranz |
| author_sort | Francisco Ogando |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IFMIF-DONES will be an irradiation facility based on a 40 MeV deuteron accelerator. Unavoidable beam losses along the accelerator result in deuterium interactions with the beam facing materials of the vacuum beam pipe, some of them leading to material activation. The initial design of the beam pipe was based on stainless steel, but an evaluation of the residual doses from the pipe showed high values after operation of the accelerator. The accelerator beam line must be periodically maintained, and excessive cooling times for reaching acceptable dose levels may result in poorer availability of the facility. A deeper study of the High Energy Beam Transport line (HEBT) showed that a direct reaction between deuterons and iron in steel resulted in the production of Co-56, with a half-life of 77 days. This radioisotope is the main source of the radiation and makes it impractical to wait for a proper attenuation of the radiation field. A redesign of beam line elements has been performed to avoid the presence of stainless steel as a beam facing material and to replace it with aluminum where possible, resulting in faster decay of residual doses. This work contains a summary of the nuclear analysis performed for the computation of residual doses with stainless steel beam pipe, stressing the uncertainties of the calculations, based on the limited availability of nuclear data for the relevant nuclear reaction Fe56 (d,2n). The proposed replacement of element materials is also described, and an updated nuclear analysis shows the reduction of residual radiation, and its impact on possible maintenance operations. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:42:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d3f6355e8f8e42b799135efe3eb0ea92 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2352-1791 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:05:16Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nuclear Materials and Energy |
| spelling | doaj.art-d3f6355e8f8e42b799135efe3eb0ea922024-03-14T06:14:51ZengElsevierNuclear Materials and Energy2352-17912024-03-0138101592Beam-facing material selection for mitigation of residual doses in the HEBT of IFMIF-DONESFrancisco Ogando0Llorenç Macia1Victor Lopez2Ivan Podadera3Daniel Sanchez-Herranz4Grupo TECF3IR, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, Spain; Corresponding author.IREC Fundació Institut de Recerca de l’Energia de Catalunya, Barcelona, 08930, SpainGrupo TECF3IR, Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Madrid, SpainConsorcio IFMIF-DONES España, Madrid, Spain; CIEMAT, Madrid, SpainUniversity of Granada, Granada, SpainIFMIF-DONES will be an irradiation facility based on a 40 MeV deuteron accelerator. Unavoidable beam losses along the accelerator result in deuterium interactions with the beam facing materials of the vacuum beam pipe, some of them leading to material activation. The initial design of the beam pipe was based on stainless steel, but an evaluation of the residual doses from the pipe showed high values after operation of the accelerator. The accelerator beam line must be periodically maintained, and excessive cooling times for reaching acceptable dose levels may result in poorer availability of the facility. A deeper study of the High Energy Beam Transport line (HEBT) showed that a direct reaction between deuterons and iron in steel resulted in the production of Co-56, with a half-life of 77 days. This radioisotope is the main source of the radiation and makes it impractical to wait for a proper attenuation of the radiation field. A redesign of beam line elements has been performed to avoid the presence of stainless steel as a beam facing material and to replace it with aluminum where possible, resulting in faster decay of residual doses. This work contains a summary of the nuclear analysis performed for the computation of residual doses with stainless steel beam pipe, stressing the uncertainties of the calculations, based on the limited availability of nuclear data for the relevant nuclear reaction Fe56 (d,2n). The proposed replacement of element materials is also described, and an updated nuclear analysis shows the reduction of residual radiation, and its impact on possible maintenance operations.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352179124000140IFMIF-DONESParticle acceleratorBeam facing materialAluminumRadiation mitigation |
| spellingShingle | Francisco Ogando Llorenç Macia Victor Lopez Ivan Podadera Daniel Sanchez-Herranz Beam-facing material selection for mitigation of residual doses in the HEBT of IFMIF-DONES Nuclear Materials and Energy IFMIF-DONES Particle accelerator Beam facing material Aluminum Radiation mitigation |
| title | Beam-facing material selection for mitigation of residual doses in the HEBT of IFMIF-DONES |
| title_full | Beam-facing material selection for mitigation of residual doses in the HEBT of IFMIF-DONES |
| title_fullStr | Beam-facing material selection for mitigation of residual doses in the HEBT of IFMIF-DONES |
| title_full_unstemmed | Beam-facing material selection for mitigation of residual doses in the HEBT of IFMIF-DONES |
| title_short | Beam-facing material selection for mitigation of residual doses in the HEBT of IFMIF-DONES |
| title_sort | beam facing material selection for mitigation of residual doses in the hebt of ifmif dones |
| topic | IFMIF-DONES Particle accelerator Beam facing material Aluminum Radiation mitigation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352179124000140 |
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