Electrochemical Degradation of Tetracycline Using a Ti/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-IrO<sub>2</sub> Anode: Performance, Kinetics, and Degradation Mechanism
Tetracycline (TC) is widely used in production and in life. The high volume of its use and the difficulty of its disposal have become the most important causes of environmental pollution. A suitable method needs to be found to solve this problem. In this study, the Ti/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<...
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/15/4325 |
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| author | Hao Dong Wanqiang Chi Ang Gao Tianyu Xie Bo Gao |
| author_facet | Hao Dong Wanqiang Chi Ang Gao Tianyu Xie Bo Gao |
| author_sort | Hao Dong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tetracycline (TC) is widely used in production and in life. The high volume of its use and the difficulty of its disposal have become the most important causes of environmental pollution. A suitable method needs to be found to solve this problem. In this study, the Ti/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-IrO<sub>2</sub> electrode was characterized for its surface morphology and crystal composition. The electrochemical catalytic ability of the Ti/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-IrO<sub>2</sub> electrode was investigated using LSV and CV tests. The electrochemical degradation of tetracycline (TC) in water with a Ti/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-IrO<sub>2</sub> anode was investigated. The main influence factors, such as current density (2.5–10 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>), electrode spacing (20–40 mm), initial TC concentration (20–80 mg/L) and initial solution pH (4.74–9.48) were analyzed in detail and their influences on reaction kinetics was summed up. The removal rate increased along with the increasing current density, decreasing initial TC concentration and decreasing of electrode distance under the experimental conditions. The optimum pH was 4.74. UV–vis, total organic carbon (TOC) and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analyses were used to reveal the mechanism of TC degradation. Nine main intermediates were identified, and the degradation pathways were proposed. A new insight has been postulated for the safe and efficient degradation of TC using the Ti/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-IrO<sub>2</sub> electrode. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:12:28Z |
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| id | doaj.art-d402b9f68a2e4a67961c70a87c9a48fb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:12:28Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-d402b9f68a2e4a67961c70a87c9a48fb2023-11-22T05:55:05ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-08-011415432510.3390/ma14154325Electrochemical Degradation of Tetracycline Using a Ti/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-IrO<sub>2</sub> Anode: Performance, Kinetics, and Degradation MechanismHao Dong0Wanqiang Chi1Ang Gao2Tianyu Xie3Bo Gao4School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, ChinaEcological Environment Bureau of Weihai City (Rongcheng Branch Office), Weihai 264300, ChinaSchool of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, ChinaSchool of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, ChinaSchool of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, ChinaTetracycline (TC) is widely used in production and in life. The high volume of its use and the difficulty of its disposal have become the most important causes of environmental pollution. A suitable method needs to be found to solve this problem. In this study, the Ti/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-IrO<sub>2</sub> electrode was characterized for its surface morphology and crystal composition. The electrochemical catalytic ability of the Ti/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-IrO<sub>2</sub> electrode was investigated using LSV and CV tests. The electrochemical degradation of tetracycline (TC) in water with a Ti/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-IrO<sub>2</sub> anode was investigated. The main influence factors, such as current density (2.5–10 mA/cm<sup>2</sup>), electrode spacing (20–40 mm), initial TC concentration (20–80 mg/L) and initial solution pH (4.74–9.48) were analyzed in detail and their influences on reaction kinetics was summed up. The removal rate increased along with the increasing current density, decreasing initial TC concentration and decreasing of electrode distance under the experimental conditions. The optimum pH was 4.74. UV–vis, total organic carbon (TOC) and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) analyses were used to reveal the mechanism of TC degradation. Nine main intermediates were identified, and the degradation pathways were proposed. A new insight has been postulated for the safe and efficient degradation of TC using the Ti/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-IrO<sub>2</sub> electrode.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/15/4325antibioticstetracyclineDSATi/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-IrO<sub>2</sub> anodeelectrochemical degradationdegradation mechanism |
| spellingShingle | Hao Dong Wanqiang Chi Ang Gao Tianyu Xie Bo Gao Electrochemical Degradation of Tetracycline Using a Ti/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-IrO<sub>2</sub> Anode: Performance, Kinetics, and Degradation Mechanism Materials antibiotics tetracycline DSA Ti/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-IrO<sub>2</sub> anode electrochemical degradation degradation mechanism |
| title | Electrochemical Degradation of Tetracycline Using a Ti/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-IrO<sub>2</sub> Anode: Performance, Kinetics, and Degradation Mechanism |
| title_full | Electrochemical Degradation of Tetracycline Using a Ti/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-IrO<sub>2</sub> Anode: Performance, Kinetics, and Degradation Mechanism |
| title_fullStr | Electrochemical Degradation of Tetracycline Using a Ti/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-IrO<sub>2</sub> Anode: Performance, Kinetics, and Degradation Mechanism |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electrochemical Degradation of Tetracycline Using a Ti/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-IrO<sub>2</sub> Anode: Performance, Kinetics, and Degradation Mechanism |
| title_short | Electrochemical Degradation of Tetracycline Using a Ti/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-IrO<sub>2</sub> Anode: Performance, Kinetics, and Degradation Mechanism |
| title_sort | electrochemical degradation of tetracycline using a ti ta sub 2 sub o sub 5 sub iro sub 2 sub anode performance kinetics and degradation mechanism |
| topic | antibiotics tetracycline DSA Ti/Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>-IrO<sub>2</sub> anode electrochemical degradation degradation mechanism |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/15/4325 |
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