Subchronic Toxicity of Ethanol Extract of Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. Leaves on Wistar Rat
BACKGROUND: Previous works indicated various pharmacology activities of bay plant (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.), however only few studies investigated its toxicity. This work was aimed to study the subchronic toxicity of ethanol extract of this plant. METHODS: White Wistar rats were divided i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Secretariat of The Indonesian Biomedical Journal
2019-04-01
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| Series: | Indonesian Biomedical Journal |
| Online Access: | https://inabj.org/index.php/ibj/article/view/458 |
| _version_ | 1828155165748756480 |
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| author | Sri Adi Sumiwi Ade Zuhrotun Rini Hendriani Mochamad Rizal Jutti Levita Sandra Megantara |
| author_facet | Sri Adi Sumiwi Ade Zuhrotun Rini Hendriani Mochamad Rizal Jutti Levita Sandra Megantara |
| author_sort | Sri Adi Sumiwi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BACKGROUND: Previous works indicated various pharmacology activities of bay plant (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.), however only few studies investigated its toxicity. This work was aimed to study the subchronic toxicity of ethanol extract of this plant.
METHODS: White Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups and were treated with 2% of Arabic gum (PGA) suspension, 1000 mg/kg of body weight (BW), 400 mg/kg of BW and 100 mg/kg of BW, respectively. The animals were observed on their body weight, hematology, clinical biochemistry parameters, organ index and histopathology.
RESULTS: Flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, saponins, quinones, monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were detected in dried leaves and ethanol extract of bay plant. An increase of body weight in male and female groups treated with dose 100 and 400 mg/kg BW compared to controls, was observed. Moreover, there was an increase of white blood cell (WBC) in male and female groups treated with S. polyanthum extracts compared to controls, whereas a decrease of red blood cell (RBC) was observed in male groups treated with S. polyanthum extracts in dose-dependent manner compared to control. No significant changes of RBC were seen in female groups, haemoglobin values were not altered by extract treatment. Photomicrographs of liver, kidney, lungs, heart and spleen histopathology of male and female S. polyanthum extract-treated groups showed no significant alteration compared to controls.
CONCLUSION: Our study revealed that S. polyanthum extracts does not show toxicity on the body weight, hematology, creatinine and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), but fatty liver and necrosis are observed in female rats. This result can be beneficial for plant-based drug discovery, particularly this study provides information about the safety of S. polyanthum to be further developed as candidate of phytopharmaceutics.
KEYWORDS: bay plants, salam leaves, hepatotoxicity, necrosis, SGOT, SGPT |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:49:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d4124a792264494d89ca6a0b59f0b868 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2085-3297 2355-9179 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:49:23Z |
| publishDate | 2019-04-01 |
| publisher | Secretariat of The Indonesian Biomedical Journal |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Indonesian Biomedical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-d4124a792264494d89ca6a0b59f0b8682022-12-22T03:58:38ZengSecretariat of The Indonesian Biomedical JournalIndonesian Biomedical Journal2085-32972355-91792019-04-0111130510.18585/inabj.v11i1.458292Subchronic Toxicity of Ethanol Extract of Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. Leaves on Wistar RatSri Adi Sumiwi0Ade Zuhrotun1Rini Hendriani2Mochamad Rizal3Jutti Levita4Sandra Megantara5Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas PadjadjaranDepartment of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas PadjadjaranDepartment of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas PadjadjaranDepartment of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas PadjadjaranDepartment of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas PadjadjaranDepartment of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas PadjadjaranBACKGROUND: Previous works indicated various pharmacology activities of bay plant (Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp.), however only few studies investigated its toxicity. This work was aimed to study the subchronic toxicity of ethanol extract of this plant. METHODS: White Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups and were treated with 2% of Arabic gum (PGA) suspension, 1000 mg/kg of body weight (BW), 400 mg/kg of BW and 100 mg/kg of BW, respectively. The animals were observed on their body weight, hematology, clinical biochemistry parameters, organ index and histopathology. RESULTS: Flavonoids, tannins, polyphenols, saponins, quinones, monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were detected in dried leaves and ethanol extract of bay plant. An increase of body weight in male and female groups treated with dose 100 and 400 mg/kg BW compared to controls, was observed. Moreover, there was an increase of white blood cell (WBC) in male and female groups treated with S. polyanthum extracts compared to controls, whereas a decrease of red blood cell (RBC) was observed in male groups treated with S. polyanthum extracts in dose-dependent manner compared to control. No significant changes of RBC were seen in female groups, haemoglobin values were not altered by extract treatment. Photomicrographs of liver, kidney, lungs, heart and spleen histopathology of male and female S. polyanthum extract-treated groups showed no significant alteration compared to controls. CONCLUSION: Our study revealed that S. polyanthum extracts does not show toxicity on the body weight, hematology, creatinine and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), but fatty liver and necrosis are observed in female rats. This result can be beneficial for plant-based drug discovery, particularly this study provides information about the safety of S. polyanthum to be further developed as candidate of phytopharmaceutics. KEYWORDS: bay plants, salam leaves, hepatotoxicity, necrosis, SGOT, SGPThttps://inabj.org/index.php/ibj/article/view/458 |
| spellingShingle | Sri Adi Sumiwi Ade Zuhrotun Rini Hendriani Mochamad Rizal Jutti Levita Sandra Megantara Subchronic Toxicity of Ethanol Extract of Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. Leaves on Wistar Rat Indonesian Biomedical Journal |
| title | Subchronic Toxicity of Ethanol Extract of Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. Leaves on Wistar Rat |
| title_full | Subchronic Toxicity of Ethanol Extract of Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. Leaves on Wistar Rat |
| title_fullStr | Subchronic Toxicity of Ethanol Extract of Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. Leaves on Wistar Rat |
| title_full_unstemmed | Subchronic Toxicity of Ethanol Extract of Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. Leaves on Wistar Rat |
| title_short | Subchronic Toxicity of Ethanol Extract of Syzygium polyanthum (Wight) Walp. Leaves on Wistar Rat |
| title_sort | subchronic toxicity of ethanol extract of syzygium polyanthum wight walp leaves on wistar rat |
| url | https://inabj.org/index.php/ibj/article/view/458 |
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