First Description of Acaricide Resistance in Populations of <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> Tick from the Lower Amazon, Brazil
There is limited information on the resistance to acaricidal drugs of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus in the Lower Amazon region. Thus, we aimed to determine the efficiency of three widely used acaricide products (Amitraz, Cypermethrin, and Deltamethrin) in the control of this tick species....
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/21/2931 |
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| author | Ana Beatriz Barbosa de Sousa Daniela Bianchi Elisa Mota Santos Salatiel Ribeiro Dias Poliana Leão Peleja Raidel Reis Santos Nohora Mercado Caruso Antonio Humberto Hamad Minervino |
| author_facet | Ana Beatriz Barbosa de Sousa Daniela Bianchi Elisa Mota Santos Salatiel Ribeiro Dias Poliana Leão Peleja Raidel Reis Santos Nohora Mercado Caruso Antonio Humberto Hamad Minervino |
| author_sort | Ana Beatriz Barbosa de Sousa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | There is limited information on the resistance to acaricidal drugs of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus in the Lower Amazon region. Thus, we aimed to determine the efficiency of three widely used acaricide products (Amitraz, Cypermethrin, and Deltamethrin) in the control of this tick species. The adult immersion test was used on engorged female ticks sampled on farms in the Lower Amazon region, Brazil. For the test, homogeneous batches of 10 engorged females were placed in Petri dishes and immersed in the tested acaricidal drugs, using four replicates of each acaricide and three replicates as a negative control, immersed in distilled water. The acaricides were diluted as recommended by the manufacturers, and the ticks were submerged for five minutes. Mortality of engorged females, production of eggs, and percentage of larval hatching were evaluated. Tick mortality was 2.5%, 7.5%, and 0% for Amitraz, Cypermethrin, and Deltamethrin, respectively. The percentage of larval hatching was 53.7% for Amitraz, 88.7% for Cypermethrin, and 80.0% for Deltamethrin. As recommended by the FAO, for the acaricide to be considered effective, it must have a control rate ≥95%. Among the tested acaricides, Amitraz showed an efficacy of 90.5%, Cypermethrin 10.4%, and Deltamethrin 26.6%. Ticks from the lower Amazon showed marked resistance to Cypermethrin and Deltamethrin and mild resistance to Amitraz. This is the first report of acaricidal resistance in the region. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:21:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d4171ed12d444b9086719ec17f5f2105 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:21:25Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-d4171ed12d444b9086719ec17f5f21052023-11-24T03:24:03ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-10-011221293110.3390/ani12212931First Description of Acaricide Resistance in Populations of <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> Tick from the Lower Amazon, BrazilAna Beatriz Barbosa de Sousa0Daniela Bianchi1Elisa Mota Santos2Salatiel Ribeiro Dias3Poliana Leão Peleja4Raidel Reis Santos5Nohora Mercado Caruso6Antonio Humberto Hamad Minervino7Laboratory of Animal Health, LARSANA, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA, Santarém 68040-255, BrazilLaboratory of Animal Health, LARSANA, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA, Santarém 68040-255, BrazilLaboratory of Animal Health, LARSANA, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA, Santarém 68040-255, BrazilLaboratory of Animal Health, LARSANA, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA, Santarém 68040-255, BrazilLaboratory of Animal Health, LARSANA, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA, Santarém 68040-255, BrazilLaboratory of Animal Health, LARSANA, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA, Santarém 68040-255, BrazilDepartamento Productividad e Innovación, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 n.55-66, Barranquilla 080001, ColombiaLaboratory of Animal Health, LARSANA, Federal University of Western Pará, UFOPA, Santarém 68040-255, BrazilThere is limited information on the resistance to acaricidal drugs of the cattle tick Rhipicephalus microplus in the Lower Amazon region. Thus, we aimed to determine the efficiency of three widely used acaricide products (Amitraz, Cypermethrin, and Deltamethrin) in the control of this tick species. The adult immersion test was used on engorged female ticks sampled on farms in the Lower Amazon region, Brazil. For the test, homogeneous batches of 10 engorged females were placed in Petri dishes and immersed in the tested acaricidal drugs, using four replicates of each acaricide and three replicates as a negative control, immersed in distilled water. The acaricides were diluted as recommended by the manufacturers, and the ticks were submerged for five minutes. Mortality of engorged females, production of eggs, and percentage of larval hatching were evaluated. Tick mortality was 2.5%, 7.5%, and 0% for Amitraz, Cypermethrin, and Deltamethrin, respectively. The percentage of larval hatching was 53.7% for Amitraz, 88.7% for Cypermethrin, and 80.0% for Deltamethrin. As recommended by the FAO, for the acaricide to be considered effective, it must have a control rate ≥95%. Among the tested acaricides, Amitraz showed an efficacy of 90.5%, Cypermethrin 10.4%, and Deltamethrin 26.6%. Ticks from the lower Amazon showed marked resistance to Cypermethrin and Deltamethrin and mild resistance to Amitraz. This is the first report of acaricidal resistance in the region.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/21/2931acaricidalefficiencyadult immersion testsusceptibility |
| spellingShingle | Ana Beatriz Barbosa de Sousa Daniela Bianchi Elisa Mota Santos Salatiel Ribeiro Dias Poliana Leão Peleja Raidel Reis Santos Nohora Mercado Caruso Antonio Humberto Hamad Minervino First Description of Acaricide Resistance in Populations of <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> Tick from the Lower Amazon, Brazil Animals acaricidal efficiency adult immersion test susceptibility |
| title | First Description of Acaricide Resistance in Populations of <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> Tick from the Lower Amazon, Brazil |
| title_full | First Description of Acaricide Resistance in Populations of <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> Tick from the Lower Amazon, Brazil |
| title_fullStr | First Description of Acaricide Resistance in Populations of <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> Tick from the Lower Amazon, Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed | First Description of Acaricide Resistance in Populations of <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> Tick from the Lower Amazon, Brazil |
| title_short | First Description of Acaricide Resistance in Populations of <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> Tick from the Lower Amazon, Brazil |
| title_sort | first description of acaricide resistance in populations of i rhipicephalus microplus i tick from the lower amazon brazil |
| topic | acaricidal efficiency adult immersion test susceptibility |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/21/2931 |
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