NEW PHYTOTRON FOR STUDYING THE EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON PLANT PATHOGENS
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in its recent fourth assessment report predicts that, because of higher concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, until 2100 the global mean temperature would rise between 0.6 and 4°C, in combination with changes in precipitation and an incre...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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PAGEPress Publications
2012-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Agricultural Engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.agroengineering.org/index.php/jae/article/view/36 |
| _version_ | 1819066878427922432 |
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| author | Maria Lodovica Gullino Massimo Pugliese Alessandro Paravicini Enzo Casulli Andrea Rettori Mattia Sanna Angelo Garibaldi |
| author_facet | Maria Lodovica Gullino Massimo Pugliese Alessandro Paravicini Enzo Casulli Andrea Rettori Mattia Sanna Angelo Garibaldi |
| author_sort | Maria Lodovica Gullino |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in its recent fourth assessment report predicts that, because of higher concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, until 2100 the global mean temperature would rise between 0.6 and 4°C, in combination with changes in precipitation and an increased frequency of extreme weather events. Despite this trend, the extent and mechanisms through which elevated CO<sub>2</sub> affects plant diseases remain uncertain. Increases in CO<sub>2</sub> and temperatures are also expected to induce complex effects on plant pathogens. Although re- 10 search on the effects of climate change continues to be limited, new tools are permitting to study the effects of climate variables on infection rates in the case of some pathosystems. The shortage of critical epidemiological data on individual plant diseases needs to be addressed using experimental approaches. A useful tool for such types of studies is represented by phytotrons. Hereby, a new phytotron typology, built with the specific aim of studying the effect of climate change on plant disease, is described. Beginning from a general plant overview, key mechanical and electrical systems are described (i.e. air temperature and relative humidity control, lighting and CO<sub>2</sub> control system etc.) as environmental parameters and operation cycle are summarized. In particular both parameters which could be set and monitored and those measured and stored are reported. After a suitable testing period, several operation cycles were performed in order to assess the control system’s stability and to optimize the management of all systems involved and the first experimental trials were carried out. The effect of three different simulated climatic conditions: 450 ppm of CO<sub>2</sub> with standard temperature (ranging from 18 to 24°C or 18 to 26°C), elevated CO<sub>2</sub> (800 ppm) with standard temperature and elevated CO<sub>2</sub> (800 ppm) with elevated temperature (4°C higher than standard) on the development of grape powdery and downy mildew were tested. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T16:09:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d41f06a8f4eb4320b2e04be6b460649b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1974-7071 2239-6268 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T16:09:21Z |
| publishDate | 2012-06-01 |
| publisher | PAGEPress Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Agricultural Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-d41f06a8f4eb4320b2e04be6b460649b2022-12-21T18:57:49ZengPAGEPress PublicationsJournal of Agricultural Engineering1974-70712239-62682012-06-0142111210.4081/jae.2011.1.127NEW PHYTOTRON FOR STUDYING THE EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON PLANT PATHOGENSMaria Lodovica Gullino0Massimo Pugliese1Alessandro Paravicini2Enzo Casulli3Andrea Rettori4Mattia Sanna5Angelo Garibaldi6Centre of competence in the agro-environmental sector (AGROINNOVA) - University of TorinoCentre of competence in the agro-environmental sector (AGROINNOVA) - University of TorinoTecno-El s.r.l. – Misure e Tecnologie Elettroniche per l’Ambiente, RomaCentre of competence in the agro-environmental sector (AGROINNOVA) - University of TorinoCentre of competence in the agro-environmental sector (AGROINNOVA) - University of TorinoCentre of competence in the agro-environmental sector (AGROINNOVA) - University of TorinoCentre of competence in the agro-environmental sector (AGROINNOVA) - University of TorinoThe Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in its recent fourth assessment report predicts that, because of higher concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, until 2100 the global mean temperature would rise between 0.6 and 4°C, in combination with changes in precipitation and an increased frequency of extreme weather events. Despite this trend, the extent and mechanisms through which elevated CO<sub>2</sub> affects plant diseases remain uncertain. Increases in CO<sub>2</sub> and temperatures are also expected to induce complex effects on plant pathogens. Although re- 10 search on the effects of climate change continues to be limited, new tools are permitting to study the effects of climate variables on infection rates in the case of some pathosystems. The shortage of critical epidemiological data on individual plant diseases needs to be addressed using experimental approaches. A useful tool for such types of studies is represented by phytotrons. Hereby, a new phytotron typology, built with the specific aim of studying the effect of climate change on plant disease, is described. Beginning from a general plant overview, key mechanical and electrical systems are described (i.e. air temperature and relative humidity control, lighting and CO<sub>2</sub> control system etc.) as environmental parameters and operation cycle are summarized. In particular both parameters which could be set and monitored and those measured and stored are reported. After a suitable testing period, several operation cycles were performed in order to assess the control system’s stability and to optimize the management of all systems involved and the first experimental trials were carried out. The effect of three different simulated climatic conditions: 450 ppm of CO<sub>2</sub> with standard temperature (ranging from 18 to 24°C or 18 to 26°C), elevated CO<sub>2</sub> (800 ppm) with standard temperature and elevated CO<sub>2</sub> (800 ppm) with elevated temperature (4°C higher than standard) on the development of grape powdery and downy mildew were tested.http://www.agroengineering.org/index.php/jae/article/view/36phytotron, controlled environment, climate change, grapevine, powdery mildewdowny mildew. |
| spellingShingle | Maria Lodovica Gullino Massimo Pugliese Alessandro Paravicini Enzo Casulli Andrea Rettori Mattia Sanna Angelo Garibaldi NEW PHYTOTRON FOR STUDYING THE EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON PLANT PATHOGENS Journal of Agricultural Engineering phytotron, controlled environment, climate change, grapevine, powdery mildew downy mildew. |
| title | NEW PHYTOTRON FOR STUDYING THE EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON PLANT PATHOGENS |
| title_full | NEW PHYTOTRON FOR STUDYING THE EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON PLANT PATHOGENS |
| title_fullStr | NEW PHYTOTRON FOR STUDYING THE EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON PLANT PATHOGENS |
| title_full_unstemmed | NEW PHYTOTRON FOR STUDYING THE EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON PLANT PATHOGENS |
| title_short | NEW PHYTOTRON FOR STUDYING THE EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON PLANT PATHOGENS |
| title_sort | new phytotron for studying the effect of climate change on plant pathogens |
| topic | phytotron, controlled environment, climate change, grapevine, powdery mildew downy mildew. |
| url | http://www.agroengineering.org/index.php/jae/article/view/36 |
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