Environmental Health and Ecological Risk Assessment of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in the Coastal Cities of Estuarine Bay—A Case Study of Hangzhou Bay, China
Shanghai is the major city on the north shore of Hangzhou Bay, and the administrative regions adjacent to Hangzhou Bay are the Jinshan district, Fengxian district, and Pudong new area (Nanhui district), which are the main intersection areas of manufacturing, transportation, and agriculture in Shangh...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/8/3/75 |
| _version_ | 1797552994739290112 |
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| author | Rongxi Li Yuan Yuan Chengwei Li Wei Sun Meng Yang Xiangrong Wang |
| author_facet | Rongxi Li Yuan Yuan Chengwei Li Wei Sun Meng Yang Xiangrong Wang |
| author_sort | Rongxi Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Shanghai is the major city on the north shore of Hangzhou Bay, and the administrative regions adjacent to Hangzhou Bay are the Jinshan district, Fengxian district, and Pudong new area (Nanhui district), which are the main intersection areas of manufacturing, transportation, and agriculture in Shanghai. In this paper, we collected a total of 75 topsoil samples from six different functional areas (agricultural areas (19), roadside areas (10), industrial areas (19), residential areas (14), education areas (6), and woodland areas (7)) in these three administrative regions, and the presence of 10 heavy metals (manganese(Mn), zinc(Zn), chromium(Cr), nickel(Ni), lead(Pb), cobalt(Co), cadmium(Cd), mercury(Hg), copper(Cu), and arsenic(As)) was investigated in each sample. The Nemerow pollution index (NPI), pollution load index (PLI), and potential ecological risk index (PERI) were calculated to assess the soil pollution levels. The hazard quotient (HQ) and carcinogenic risk (CR) assessment models were used to assess the human health risks posed by the concentrations of the heavy metals. The CR and HQ for adults and children in different functional areas descended in the following order: industrial areas > roadside areas > woodland areas > residential areas > education areas > agricultural areas. The HQ of Mn for children in industrial areas was higher than 1, and the risk was within the acceptable range. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:09:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d4261177d7f8485d9552f7a55e0ccefd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2305-6304 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:09:07Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxics |
| spelling | doaj.art-d4261177d7f8485d9552f7a55e0ccefd2023-11-20T14:39:30ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042020-09-01837510.3390/toxics8030075Environmental Health and Ecological Risk Assessment of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in the Coastal Cities of Estuarine Bay—A Case Study of Hangzhou Bay, ChinaRongxi Li0Yuan Yuan1Chengwei Li2Wei Sun3Meng Yang4Xiangrong Wang5Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, ChinaDepartment of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, ChinaDepartment of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, ChinaDepartment of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, ChinaDepartment of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, ChinaDepartment of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, ChinaShanghai is the major city on the north shore of Hangzhou Bay, and the administrative regions adjacent to Hangzhou Bay are the Jinshan district, Fengxian district, and Pudong new area (Nanhui district), which are the main intersection areas of manufacturing, transportation, and agriculture in Shanghai. In this paper, we collected a total of 75 topsoil samples from six different functional areas (agricultural areas (19), roadside areas (10), industrial areas (19), residential areas (14), education areas (6), and woodland areas (7)) in these three administrative regions, and the presence of 10 heavy metals (manganese(Mn), zinc(Zn), chromium(Cr), nickel(Ni), lead(Pb), cobalt(Co), cadmium(Cd), mercury(Hg), copper(Cu), and arsenic(As)) was investigated in each sample. The Nemerow pollution index (NPI), pollution load index (PLI), and potential ecological risk index (PERI) were calculated to assess the soil pollution levels. The hazard quotient (HQ) and carcinogenic risk (CR) assessment models were used to assess the human health risks posed by the concentrations of the heavy metals. The CR and HQ for adults and children in different functional areas descended in the following order: industrial areas > roadside areas > woodland areas > residential areas > education areas > agricultural areas. The HQ of Mn for children in industrial areas was higher than 1, and the risk was within the acceptable range.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/8/3/75risk assessmentenvironmental healthsoilheavy metalsHangzhou Bay |
| spellingShingle | Rongxi Li Yuan Yuan Chengwei Li Wei Sun Meng Yang Xiangrong Wang Environmental Health and Ecological Risk Assessment of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in the Coastal Cities of Estuarine Bay—A Case Study of Hangzhou Bay, China Toxics risk assessment environmental health soil heavy metals Hangzhou Bay |
| title | Environmental Health and Ecological Risk Assessment of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in the Coastal Cities of Estuarine Bay—A Case Study of Hangzhou Bay, China |
| title_full | Environmental Health and Ecological Risk Assessment of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in the Coastal Cities of Estuarine Bay—A Case Study of Hangzhou Bay, China |
| title_fullStr | Environmental Health and Ecological Risk Assessment of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in the Coastal Cities of Estuarine Bay—A Case Study of Hangzhou Bay, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Environmental Health and Ecological Risk Assessment of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in the Coastal Cities of Estuarine Bay—A Case Study of Hangzhou Bay, China |
| title_short | Environmental Health and Ecological Risk Assessment of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in the Coastal Cities of Estuarine Bay—A Case Study of Hangzhou Bay, China |
| title_sort | environmental health and ecological risk assessment of soil heavy metal pollution in the coastal cities of estuarine bay a case study of hangzhou bay china |
| topic | risk assessment environmental health soil heavy metals Hangzhou Bay |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/8/3/75 |
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