Preparation of Silver/Chitosan Nanofluids Using Selected Plant Extracts: Characterization and Antimicrobial Studies against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria
Chitosan/silver nanofluids were prepared using <i>Phoenix dactylifera</i> (DPLE) or <i>Rumex vesicarius</i> (HEL) extracts as the reducing agent, characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet–visible (UV-vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and tra...
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2020-04-01
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| author | Saviour A. Umoren Moses M. Solomon Alexis Nzila Ime B. Obot |
| author_facet | Saviour A. Umoren Moses M. Solomon Alexis Nzila Ime B. Obot |
| author_sort | Saviour A. Umoren |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Chitosan/silver nanofluids were prepared using <i>Phoenix dactylifera</i> (DPLE) or <i>Rumex vesicarius</i> (HEL) extracts as the reducing agent, characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet–visible (UV-vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The antimicrobial effect of the nanofluids against Gram positive, <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i>, <i>Staphylococcus haemolyticus</i>, <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, and <i>Micrococcus luteus</i>, and Gram-negative <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Pseudomonas citronellolis</i>, and <i>Escherichia coli</i> bacteria has been studied. The nanoparticles were polydispersed in the chitosan matrix and are highly stable. The zeta potential of the silver nanoparticles in DPLE- and HEL-mediated composites is +46 mV and +56 mV, respectively. The FTIR results reveal that the free carboxylate groups in the plant biomaterial took part in stabilization process. HEL is a stronger reducing agent than DPLE and nanoparticles generated with HEL are smaller (8.0–36 nm) than those produced with DPLE (10–43 nm). DPLE- and HEL-mediated composites effectively inhibit the growth of the studied bacteria but HEL-mediated composite exhibited higher effect. The higher antimicrobial activity of HEL-mediated composite is linked to the smaller nanoparticles. The foregoing results indicate that HEL extract can be used in the green production of potential antimicrobial chitosan/silver nanofluids for biomedical and packaging applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:45:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d42df186dfc04e33a1e5d0ebc1f55c8b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:45:20Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-d42df186dfc04e33a1e5d0ebc1f55c8b2023-11-19T20:25:10ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442020-04-01137162910.3390/ma13071629Preparation of Silver/Chitosan Nanofluids Using Selected Plant Extracts: Characterization and Antimicrobial Studies against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative BacteriaSaviour A. Umoren0Moses M. Solomon1Alexis Nzila2Ime B. Obot3Center of Research Excellence in Corrosion, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi ArabiaCenter of Research Excellence in Corrosion, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Life Sciences, College of Science, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi ArabiaCenter of Research Excellence in Corrosion, Research Institute, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi ArabiaChitosan/silver nanofluids were prepared using <i>Phoenix dactylifera</i> (DPLE) or <i>Rumex vesicarius</i> (HEL) extracts as the reducing agent, characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet–visible (UV-vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The antimicrobial effect of the nanofluids against Gram positive, <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i>, <i>Staphylococcus haemolyticus</i>, <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, and <i>Micrococcus luteus</i>, and Gram-negative <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, <i>Pseudomonas citronellolis</i>, and <i>Escherichia coli</i> bacteria has been studied. The nanoparticles were polydispersed in the chitosan matrix and are highly stable. The zeta potential of the silver nanoparticles in DPLE- and HEL-mediated composites is +46 mV and +56 mV, respectively. The FTIR results reveal that the free carboxylate groups in the plant biomaterial took part in stabilization process. HEL is a stronger reducing agent than DPLE and nanoparticles generated with HEL are smaller (8.0–36 nm) than those produced with DPLE (10–43 nm). DPLE- and HEL-mediated composites effectively inhibit the growth of the studied bacteria but HEL-mediated composite exhibited higher effect. The higher antimicrobial activity of HEL-mediated composite is linked to the smaller nanoparticles. The foregoing results indicate that HEL extract can be used in the green production of potential antimicrobial chitosan/silver nanofluids for biomedical and packaging applications.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/7/1629<i>Phoenix dactylifera</i><i>Rumex vesicarius</i>nanofluidchitosansilver nanoparticlesantimicrobial effect |
| spellingShingle | Saviour A. Umoren Moses M. Solomon Alexis Nzila Ime B. Obot Preparation of Silver/Chitosan Nanofluids Using Selected Plant Extracts: Characterization and Antimicrobial Studies against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria Materials <i>Phoenix dactylifera</i> <i>Rumex vesicarius</i> nanofluid chitosan silver nanoparticles antimicrobial effect |
| title | Preparation of Silver/Chitosan Nanofluids Using Selected Plant Extracts: Characterization and Antimicrobial Studies against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria |
| title_full | Preparation of Silver/Chitosan Nanofluids Using Selected Plant Extracts: Characterization and Antimicrobial Studies against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria |
| title_fullStr | Preparation of Silver/Chitosan Nanofluids Using Selected Plant Extracts: Characterization and Antimicrobial Studies against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Preparation of Silver/Chitosan Nanofluids Using Selected Plant Extracts: Characterization and Antimicrobial Studies against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria |
| title_short | Preparation of Silver/Chitosan Nanofluids Using Selected Plant Extracts: Characterization and Antimicrobial Studies against Gram-Positive and Gram-Negative Bacteria |
| title_sort | preparation of silver chitosan nanofluids using selected plant extracts characterization and antimicrobial studies against gram positive and gram negative bacteria |
| topic | <i>Phoenix dactylifera</i> <i>Rumex vesicarius</i> nanofluid chitosan silver nanoparticles antimicrobial effect |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/7/1629 |
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