Prevalence, bacteriological profile and antibiogram of surgical site infections at tertiary care teaching hospital, south India: A cross sectional study
Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the common causes of nosocomial infections. Nosocomial infections are responsible for a prolonged hospital stay and also associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and increased economic burden on the patients and family as well as overbu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Prathima Institute of Medical Sciences
2019-08-01
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| Series: | Perspectives In Medical Research |
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| Online Access: | http://www.pimr.org.in/2019-vol7-issue-2/palange_v2.PDF |
| Summary: | Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the
common causes of nosocomial infections. Nosocomial
infections are responsible for a prolonged hospital stay and
also associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and
increased economic burden on the patients and family as well
as overburden the hospital staff. Globally overall SSI rate varies
from 2.5% – 41.9% resulting in high morbidity and mortality.
However, a simple step such as hand washing, knowledge of
bacteriological profile of SSIs in a hospital, and antibiotic
susceptibility pattern of those isolates would help clinicians in
choosing the empirical antibiotic treatment and curtail the SSIs.
Objectives: The present study was undertaken to
determine the prevalence of SSI, to isolate the causative
organisms, and to study their antibiotic susceptibility pattern
in a hospital.
Materials and methods:
The present hospital-based, cross-sectional study was
conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital in northern
Telangana, India, from August 2017 to June 2018. All pus
specimens from patients of clinically suspected SSIs that were
received in the microbiology laboratory were processed as per
standard microbiological techniques. The data recorded and
maintained in the microbiology laboratory register was
reviewed and analyzed for the study. Data was analyzed by
calculating the percentages and applying the Chi-square test.
The p-value <0.05 was considered as significant.
Results : We observed that during the study period,
2249 major surgeries were conducted and out of these, a total
of 77 pus specimens from patients clinically suspected of SSIs
were received in the microbiology laboratory. 36 (46.7%)
specimens were culture positive giving 36 isolates. The SSI
prevalence rate was 3.4%. Females (54.5%) were affected more
than males (45.5%). The most commonly isolated organism
from SSI cases was E. coli (27.8%) followed by Klebsiella species
(16.6%) and coagulase negative staphylococcus (CONS) (16.6%).
Conclusion:
In this study, SSI prevalence rate was 3.4%. The most
commonly isolated organism from SSI cases was E.coli (27.8%).
The gram-negative bacilli showed better sensitivity to
imipenem and polymixin B. Majority of the gram-negative
bacilli showed less sensitivity to the other commonly
prescribed antibiotics like cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones,
cotrimoxazole, piperacillin-tazobactam, gentamicin.
Knowledge of the common pathogens and their antibiotic
susceptibility status can guide clinicians to choose appropriate
antibiotics for the empirical treatment of patients |
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| ISSN: | 2348-1447 2348-229X |