| Summary: | This study illustrates the most significant experiences and figures of Florentine philological linguistic culture between the 19th and 20th centuries with constant reference to the broader context of linguistic studies in Italy and Europe. In the years following Italian Unification, Florence took over again its “traditional” role as the Italian lexicography capital and – with the foundation of the Istituto di Studi Superiori Pratici e di Perfezionamento (1859), a breeding ground for historical-comparative linguistics and romance philology – the city could stand again among the hubs of European positivism. During the 20th century, the University of Florence continued to host renowned linguists and philologists who have made significant contributions to Italian culture
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