A data‐driven examination of apathy and depressive symptoms in dementia with independent replication
Abstract Apathy is one of the most common neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Research that helps define the apathy phenotype is urgently needed, particularly for clinical and biomarker studies. We used latent class analysis (LCA) with two independent cohor...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wiley
2023-01-01
|
| Series: | Alzheimer’s & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/dad2.12398 |
| _version_ | 1797857648463314944 |
|---|---|
| author | Miguel Vasconcelos Da Silva Gerardo Javier Melendez‐Torres Zahinoor Ismail Ingelin Testad Clive Ballard Byron Creese for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative |
| author_facet | Miguel Vasconcelos Da Silva Gerardo Javier Melendez‐Torres Zahinoor Ismail Ingelin Testad Clive Ballard Byron Creese for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative |
| author_sort | Miguel Vasconcelos Da Silva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Apathy is one of the most common neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Research that helps define the apathy phenotype is urgently needed, particularly for clinical and biomarker studies. We used latent class analysis (LCA) with two independent cohorts to understand how apathy and depression symptoms co‐occur statistically. We further explored the relationship between latent class membership, demographics, and the presence of other NPS. The LCA identified a four‐class solution (no symptoms, apathy, depression, and combined apathy/depression), reproducible over both cohorts, providing robust support for an apathy syndrome distinct from depression and confirming that an apathy/depression syndrome exists, supported by the model fit test with the four‐class solution scores evidencing better fitting (Bayesian information criterion adjusted and entropy R2). Using a data‐driven method, we show distinct and statistically meaningful co‐occurrence of apathy and depressive symptoms. There was evidence that these classes have different clinical associations, which may help inform diagnostic categories for research studies and clinical practice. Highlights We found four classes: no symptoms, apathy, depression and apathy/depression. Apathy conferred a higher probability for agitation. Apathy diagnostic criteria should include accompanying neuropsychiatric symptoms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T21:00:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d4661f30997e4b2f97c3f11ffb8773db |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2352-8729 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T21:00:09Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Alzheimer’s & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring |
| spelling | doaj.art-d4661f30997e4b2f97c3f11ffb8773db2023-03-29T11:42:33ZengWileyAlzheimer’s & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring2352-87292023-01-01151n/an/a10.1002/dad2.12398A data‐driven examination of apathy and depressive symptoms in dementia with independent replicationMiguel Vasconcelos Da Silva0Gerardo Javier Melendez‐Torres1Zahinoor Ismail2Ingelin Testad3Clive Ballard4Byron Creese5for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging InitiativeMedical School Faculty of Health and Life Sciences University of Exeter Exeter UKMedical School Faculty of Health and Life Sciences University of Exeter Exeter UKMedical School Faculty of Health and Life Sciences University of Exeter Exeter UKDepartment of Old Age Psychiatry Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience King's College London London UKMedical School Faculty of Health and Life Sciences University of Exeter Exeter UKMedical School Faculty of Health and Life Sciences University of Exeter Exeter UKAbstract Apathy is one of the most common neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. Research that helps define the apathy phenotype is urgently needed, particularly for clinical and biomarker studies. We used latent class analysis (LCA) with two independent cohorts to understand how apathy and depression symptoms co‐occur statistically. We further explored the relationship between latent class membership, demographics, and the presence of other NPS. The LCA identified a four‐class solution (no symptoms, apathy, depression, and combined apathy/depression), reproducible over both cohorts, providing robust support for an apathy syndrome distinct from depression and confirming that an apathy/depression syndrome exists, supported by the model fit test with the four‐class solution scores evidencing better fitting (Bayesian information criterion adjusted and entropy R2). Using a data‐driven method, we show distinct and statistically meaningful co‐occurrence of apathy and depressive symptoms. There was evidence that these classes have different clinical associations, which may help inform diagnostic categories for research studies and clinical practice. Highlights We found four classes: no symptoms, apathy, depression and apathy/depression. Apathy conferred a higher probability for agitation. Apathy diagnostic criteria should include accompanying neuropsychiatric symptoms.https://doi.org/10.1002/dad2.12398apathydementiadepressionlatent class analysis |
| spellingShingle | Miguel Vasconcelos Da Silva Gerardo Javier Melendez‐Torres Zahinoor Ismail Ingelin Testad Clive Ballard Byron Creese for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative A data‐driven examination of apathy and depressive symptoms in dementia with independent replication Alzheimer’s & Dementia: Diagnosis, Assessment & Disease Monitoring apathy dementia depression latent class analysis |
| title | A data‐driven examination of apathy and depressive symptoms in dementia with independent replication |
| title_full | A data‐driven examination of apathy and depressive symptoms in dementia with independent replication |
| title_fullStr | A data‐driven examination of apathy and depressive symptoms in dementia with independent replication |
| title_full_unstemmed | A data‐driven examination of apathy and depressive symptoms in dementia with independent replication |
| title_short | A data‐driven examination of apathy and depressive symptoms in dementia with independent replication |
| title_sort | data driven examination of apathy and depressive symptoms in dementia with independent replication |
| topic | apathy dementia depression latent class analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/dad2.12398 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT miguelvasconcelosdasilva adatadrivenexaminationofapathyanddepressivesymptomsindementiawithindependentreplication AT gerardojaviermelendeztorres adatadrivenexaminationofapathyanddepressivesymptomsindementiawithindependentreplication AT zahinoorismail adatadrivenexaminationofapathyanddepressivesymptomsindementiawithindependentreplication AT ingelintestad adatadrivenexaminationofapathyanddepressivesymptomsindementiawithindependentreplication AT cliveballard adatadrivenexaminationofapathyanddepressivesymptomsindementiawithindependentreplication AT byroncreese adatadrivenexaminationofapathyanddepressivesymptomsindementiawithindependentreplication AT forthealzheimersdiseaseneuroimaginginitiative adatadrivenexaminationofapathyanddepressivesymptomsindementiawithindependentreplication AT miguelvasconcelosdasilva datadrivenexaminationofapathyanddepressivesymptomsindementiawithindependentreplication AT gerardojaviermelendeztorres datadrivenexaminationofapathyanddepressivesymptomsindementiawithindependentreplication AT zahinoorismail datadrivenexaminationofapathyanddepressivesymptomsindementiawithindependentreplication AT ingelintestad datadrivenexaminationofapathyanddepressivesymptomsindementiawithindependentreplication AT cliveballard datadrivenexaminationofapathyanddepressivesymptomsindementiawithindependentreplication AT byroncreese datadrivenexaminationofapathyanddepressivesymptomsindementiawithindependentreplication AT forthealzheimersdiseaseneuroimaginginitiative datadrivenexaminationofapathyanddepressivesymptomsindementiawithindependentreplication |