Cross enclosed square split ring resonator based on D.N.G. metamaterial absorber for X-band glucose sensing application

This article presents a novel real-time meta-material (MM) sensor based on a non-invasive method that operates in microwave frequency ranges at 8.524 GHz to measure blood glucose levels with quality factor 184 is designed and fabricated. A cross enclosed between two square shapes produces a strong i...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Muhammad Amir Khalil, Wong Hin Yong, Md Shabiul Islam, Ahasanul Hoque, Cham Chin leei, Mohamed S. Soliman, Mohammad Tariqul Islam
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier 2024-03-01
Series:Heliyon
Subjects:
Online Access:http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240584402402677X
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Summary:This article presents a novel real-time meta-material (MM) sensor based on a non-invasive method that operates in microwave frequency ranges at 8.524 GHz to measure blood glucose levels with quality factor 184 is designed and fabricated. A cross enclosed between two square shapes produces a strong interaction between glucose samples and electromagnetic waves. In this study, 5 were tested noninvasively using the proposed glucose resonant sensor with a range of glucose-level changes from 50 to 130 mg/dL. For this range of glucose-level changes, the frequency detection resolution is 5.06 MHz/(mg/dL), respectively. Despite simulations, fabrication procedures (F.P.) have been carried out for more precise result verification. For the purpose of qualitative analysis, the proposed MM sensor is considered a viable candidate for determining glucose levels.
ISSN:2405-8440