Neurological Infection, Kynurenine Pathway, and Parasitic Infection by Neospora caninum
Neuroinflammation is one of the most frequently studied topics of neurosciences as it is a common feature in almost all neurological disorders. Although the primary function of neuroinflammation is to protect the nervous system from an insult, the complex and sequential response of activated glial c...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.714248/full |
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| author | Ana Elisa Del’Arco Deivison Silva Argolo Gilles Guillemin Maria de Fátima Dias Costa Silvia Lima Costa Alexandre Moraes Pinheiro |
| author_facet | Ana Elisa Del’Arco Deivison Silva Argolo Gilles Guillemin Maria de Fátima Dias Costa Silvia Lima Costa Alexandre Moraes Pinheiro |
| author_sort | Ana Elisa Del’Arco |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neuroinflammation is one of the most frequently studied topics of neurosciences as it is a common feature in almost all neurological disorders. Although the primary function of neuroinflammation is to protect the nervous system from an insult, the complex and sequential response of activated glial cells can lead to neurological damage. Depending on the type of insults and the time post-insult, the inflammatory response can be neuroprotective, neurotoxic, or, depending on the glial cell types, both. There are multiple pathways activated and many bioactive intermediates are released during neuroinflammation. One of the most common one is the kynurenine pathway, catabolizing tryptophan, which is involved in immune regulation, neuroprotection, and neurotoxicity. Different models have been used to study the kynurenine pathway metabolites to understand their involvements in the development and maintenance of the inflammatory processes triggered by infections. Among them, the parasitic infection Neospora caninum could be used as a relevant model to study the role of the kynurenine pathway in the neuroinflammatory response and the subset of cells involved. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T14:51:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d48d0ba243b64798b8b1555337f4aec8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T14:51:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-d48d0ba243b64798b8b1555337f4aec82022-12-21T17:42:55ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242022-01-011210.3389/fimmu.2021.714248714248Neurological Infection, Kynurenine Pathway, and Parasitic Infection by Neospora caninumAna Elisa Del’Arco0Deivison Silva Argolo1Gilles Guillemin2Maria de Fátima Dias Costa3Silvia Lima Costa4Alexandre Moraes Pinheiro5Laboratory of Biochemistry and Veterinary Immunology, Center of Agrarian, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia (UFRB), Cruz das Almas, BrazilLaboratory of Neurochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Bahia, BrazilNeuroinflammation Group, Macquarie Medicine School, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, AustraliaLaboratory of Neurochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Bahia, BrazilLaboratory of Neurochemistry and Cellular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Bahia, BrazilLaboratory of Biochemistry and Veterinary Immunology, Center of Agrarian, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Federal University of Recôncavo of Bahia (UFRB), Cruz das Almas, BrazilNeuroinflammation is one of the most frequently studied topics of neurosciences as it is a common feature in almost all neurological disorders. Although the primary function of neuroinflammation is to protect the nervous system from an insult, the complex and sequential response of activated glial cells can lead to neurological damage. Depending on the type of insults and the time post-insult, the inflammatory response can be neuroprotective, neurotoxic, or, depending on the glial cell types, both. There are multiple pathways activated and many bioactive intermediates are released during neuroinflammation. One of the most common one is the kynurenine pathway, catabolizing tryptophan, which is involved in immune regulation, neuroprotection, and neurotoxicity. Different models have been used to study the kynurenine pathway metabolites to understand their involvements in the development and maintenance of the inflammatory processes triggered by infections. Among them, the parasitic infection Neospora caninum could be used as a relevant model to study the role of the kynurenine pathway in the neuroinflammatory response and the subset of cells involved.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.714248/fullkynurenic acidglianeuroinflammationNeospora caninumquinolinic acid |
| spellingShingle | Ana Elisa Del’Arco Deivison Silva Argolo Gilles Guillemin Maria de Fátima Dias Costa Silvia Lima Costa Alexandre Moraes Pinheiro Neurological Infection, Kynurenine Pathway, and Parasitic Infection by Neospora caninum Frontiers in Immunology kynurenic acid glia neuroinflammation Neospora caninum quinolinic acid |
| title | Neurological Infection, Kynurenine Pathway, and Parasitic Infection by Neospora caninum |
| title_full | Neurological Infection, Kynurenine Pathway, and Parasitic Infection by Neospora caninum |
| title_fullStr | Neurological Infection, Kynurenine Pathway, and Parasitic Infection by Neospora caninum |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neurological Infection, Kynurenine Pathway, and Parasitic Infection by Neospora caninum |
| title_short | Neurological Infection, Kynurenine Pathway, and Parasitic Infection by Neospora caninum |
| title_sort | neurological infection kynurenine pathway and parasitic infection by neospora caninum |
| topic | kynurenic acid glia neuroinflammation Neospora caninum quinolinic acid |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.714248/full |
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