Rust Infection of Black Poplar Trees Reduces Photosynthesis but Does Not Affect Isoprene Biosynthesis or Emission
Poplar (Populus spp.) trees are widely distributed and play an important role in ecological communities and in forestry. Moreover, by releasing high amounts of isoprene, these trees impact global atmospheric chemistry. One of the most devastating diseases for poplar is leaf rust, caused by fungi of...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-11-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2018.01733/full |
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| author | Franziska Eberl Erica Perreca Heiko Vogel Louwrance P. Wright Louwrance P. Wright Almuth Hammerbacher Almuth Hammerbacher Daniel Veit Jonathan Gershenzon Sybille B. Unsicker |
| author_facet | Franziska Eberl Erica Perreca Heiko Vogel Louwrance P. Wright Louwrance P. Wright Almuth Hammerbacher Almuth Hammerbacher Daniel Veit Jonathan Gershenzon Sybille B. Unsicker |
| author_sort | Franziska Eberl |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Poplar (Populus spp.) trees are widely distributed and play an important role in ecological communities and in forestry. Moreover, by releasing high amounts of isoprene, these trees impact global atmospheric chemistry. One of the most devastating diseases for poplar is leaf rust, caused by fungi of the genus Melampsora. Despite the wide distribution of these biotrophic pathogens, very little is known about their effects on isoprene biosynthesis and emission. We therefore infected black poplar (P. nigra) trees with the rust fungus M. larici-populina and monitored isoprene emission and other physiological parameters over the course of infection to determine the underlying mechanisms. We found an immediate and persistent decrease in photosynthesis during infection, presumably caused by decreased stomatal conductance mediated by increased ABA levels. At the same time, isoprene emission remained stable during the time course of infection, consistent with the stability of its biosynthesis. There was no detectable change in the levels of intermediates or gene transcripts of the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway in infected compared to control leaves. Rust infection thus does not affect isoprene emission, but may still influence the atmosphere via decreased fixation of CO2. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T20:55:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d4a6128b851449209375ade7a7c66651 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T20:55:16Z |
| publishDate | 2018-11-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-d4a6128b851449209375ade7a7c666512022-12-22T00:51:08ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2018-11-01910.3389/fpls.2018.01733419521Rust Infection of Black Poplar Trees Reduces Photosynthesis but Does Not Affect Isoprene Biosynthesis or EmissionFranziska Eberl0Erica Perreca1Heiko Vogel2Louwrance P. Wright3Louwrance P. Wright4Almuth Hammerbacher5Almuth Hammerbacher6Daniel Veit7Jonathan Gershenzon8Sybille B. Unsicker9Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, GermanyDepartment of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, GermanyDepartment of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, GermanyDepartment of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, GermanyZeiselhof Research Farm, Pretoria, South AfricaDepartment of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, GermanyDepartment of Zoology and Entomology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South AfricaTechnical Service, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, GermanyDepartment of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, GermanyDepartment of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, GermanyPoplar (Populus spp.) trees are widely distributed and play an important role in ecological communities and in forestry. Moreover, by releasing high amounts of isoprene, these trees impact global atmospheric chemistry. One of the most devastating diseases for poplar is leaf rust, caused by fungi of the genus Melampsora. Despite the wide distribution of these biotrophic pathogens, very little is known about their effects on isoprene biosynthesis and emission. We therefore infected black poplar (P. nigra) trees with the rust fungus M. larici-populina and monitored isoprene emission and other physiological parameters over the course of infection to determine the underlying mechanisms. We found an immediate and persistent decrease in photosynthesis during infection, presumably caused by decreased stomatal conductance mediated by increased ABA levels. At the same time, isoprene emission remained stable during the time course of infection, consistent with the stability of its biosynthesis. There was no detectable change in the levels of intermediates or gene transcripts of the methylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway in infected compared to control leaves. Rust infection thus does not affect isoprene emission, but may still influence the atmosphere via decreased fixation of CO2.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2018.01733/fullbiotrophic pathogensdiseaseisoprenoidsMEP pathwaynon-mevalonate pathwayplant hormones |
| spellingShingle | Franziska Eberl Erica Perreca Heiko Vogel Louwrance P. Wright Louwrance P. Wright Almuth Hammerbacher Almuth Hammerbacher Daniel Veit Jonathan Gershenzon Sybille B. Unsicker Rust Infection of Black Poplar Trees Reduces Photosynthesis but Does Not Affect Isoprene Biosynthesis or Emission Frontiers in Plant Science biotrophic pathogens disease isoprenoids MEP pathway non-mevalonate pathway plant hormones |
| title | Rust Infection of Black Poplar Trees Reduces Photosynthesis but Does Not Affect Isoprene Biosynthesis or Emission |
| title_full | Rust Infection of Black Poplar Trees Reduces Photosynthesis but Does Not Affect Isoprene Biosynthesis or Emission |
| title_fullStr | Rust Infection of Black Poplar Trees Reduces Photosynthesis but Does Not Affect Isoprene Biosynthesis or Emission |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rust Infection of Black Poplar Trees Reduces Photosynthesis but Does Not Affect Isoprene Biosynthesis or Emission |
| title_short | Rust Infection of Black Poplar Trees Reduces Photosynthesis but Does Not Affect Isoprene Biosynthesis or Emission |
| title_sort | rust infection of black poplar trees reduces photosynthesis but does not affect isoprene biosynthesis or emission |
| topic | biotrophic pathogens disease isoprenoids MEP pathway non-mevalonate pathway plant hormones |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2018.01733/full |
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