Understanding Cellular Redox Homeostasis: A Challenge for Precision Medicine
Living organisms use a large repertoire of anabolic and catabolic reactions to maintain their physiological body functions, many of which include oxidation and reduction of substrates. The scientific field of redox biology tries to understand how redox homeostasis is regulated and maintained and whi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/1/106 |
| _version_ | 1797498974199873536 |
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| author | Verena Tretter Beatrix Hochreiter Marie Louise Zach Katharina Krenn Klaus Ulrich Klein |
| author_facet | Verena Tretter Beatrix Hochreiter Marie Louise Zach Katharina Krenn Klaus Ulrich Klein |
| author_sort | Verena Tretter |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Living organisms use a large repertoire of anabolic and catabolic reactions to maintain their physiological body functions, many of which include oxidation and reduction of substrates. The scientific field of redox biology tries to understand how redox homeostasis is regulated and maintained and which mechanisms are derailed in diverse pathological developments of diseases, where oxidative or reductive stress is an issue. The term “oxidative stress” is defined as an imbalance between the generation of oxidants and the local antioxidative defense. Key mediators of oxidative stress are reactive species derived from oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur that are signal factors at physiological concentrations but can damage cellular macromolecules when they accumulate. However, therapeutical targeting of oxidative stress in disease has proven more difficult than previously expected. Major reasons for this are the very delicate cellular redox systems that differ in the subcellular compartments with regard to their concentrations and depending on the physiological or pathological status of cells and organelles (i.e., circadian rhythm, cell cycle, metabolic need, disease stadium). As reactive species are used as signaling molecules, non-targeted broad-spectrum antioxidants in many cases will fail their therapeutic aim. Precision medicine is called to remedy the situation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:40:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d4a9a6a70b814a76a4164d1195d0ae5d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:40:56Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-d4a9a6a70b814a76a4164d1195d0ae5d2023-11-23T11:34:49ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-12-0123110610.3390/ijms23010106Understanding Cellular Redox Homeostasis: A Challenge for Precision MedicineVerena Tretter0Beatrix Hochreiter1Marie Louise Zach2Katharina Krenn3Klaus Ulrich Klein4Department of Anesthesia, General Intensive Care and Pain Management, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Anesthesia, General Intensive Care and Pain Management, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Anesthesia, General Intensive Care and Pain Management, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Anesthesia, General Intensive Care and Pain Management, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaDepartment of Anesthesia, General Intensive Care and Pain Management, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, AustriaLiving organisms use a large repertoire of anabolic and catabolic reactions to maintain their physiological body functions, many of which include oxidation and reduction of substrates. The scientific field of redox biology tries to understand how redox homeostasis is regulated and maintained and which mechanisms are derailed in diverse pathological developments of diseases, where oxidative or reductive stress is an issue. The term “oxidative stress” is defined as an imbalance between the generation of oxidants and the local antioxidative defense. Key mediators of oxidative stress are reactive species derived from oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur that are signal factors at physiological concentrations but can damage cellular macromolecules when they accumulate. However, therapeutical targeting of oxidative stress in disease has proven more difficult than previously expected. Major reasons for this are the very delicate cellular redox systems that differ in the subcellular compartments with regard to their concentrations and depending on the physiological or pathological status of cells and organelles (i.e., circadian rhythm, cell cycle, metabolic need, disease stadium). As reactive species are used as signaling molecules, non-targeted broad-spectrum antioxidants in many cases will fail their therapeutic aim. Precision medicine is called to remedy the situation.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/1/106redox homeostasisoxidantsantioxidantsprecision medicine |
| spellingShingle | Verena Tretter Beatrix Hochreiter Marie Louise Zach Katharina Krenn Klaus Ulrich Klein Understanding Cellular Redox Homeostasis: A Challenge for Precision Medicine International Journal of Molecular Sciences redox homeostasis oxidants antioxidants precision medicine |
| title | Understanding Cellular Redox Homeostasis: A Challenge for Precision Medicine |
| title_full | Understanding Cellular Redox Homeostasis: A Challenge for Precision Medicine |
| title_fullStr | Understanding Cellular Redox Homeostasis: A Challenge for Precision Medicine |
| title_full_unstemmed | Understanding Cellular Redox Homeostasis: A Challenge for Precision Medicine |
| title_short | Understanding Cellular Redox Homeostasis: A Challenge for Precision Medicine |
| title_sort | understanding cellular redox homeostasis a challenge for precision medicine |
| topic | redox homeostasis oxidants antioxidants precision medicine |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/1/106 |
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