Characterization and Use of a Crop-Residue-Based Mat Mulch in the Production of Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>) during Dry Season
Agricultural mulches from plant waste constitute an ecological alternative due to their capacity to biodegrade and incorporate into the soil. This work aimed at evaluating, during a drought, the effects of a mat mulch, based on banana rachis and rice straw, on bell pepper (<i>Capsicum</i>...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/6/1173 |
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| author | Víctor Hernández-Aranda Diego Rojas-Tortolero José Álvarez-Barreto Carlos Arias-Vega Jaime Proaño-Saraguro Alexandra Portalanza-Chavarria Daynet Sosa |
| author_facet | Víctor Hernández-Aranda Diego Rojas-Tortolero José Álvarez-Barreto Carlos Arias-Vega Jaime Proaño-Saraguro Alexandra Portalanza-Chavarria Daynet Sosa |
| author_sort | Víctor Hernández-Aranda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Agricultural mulches from plant waste constitute an ecological alternative due to their capacity to biodegrade and incorporate into the soil. This work aimed at evaluating, during a drought, the effects of a mat mulch, based on banana rachis and rice straw, on bell pepper (<i>Capsicum</i> <i>annuum</i>) production, and to characterize the material, both mechanically (traction resistance) and physical-chemically (water retention capacity, organic and inorganic components). Two contrasting irrigation regimes were used to determine the effect of the mat mulch on edaphic and productive parameters such as plant height, basal stem diameter, number of fruits and flowers, harvest, plant biomass, macro- and micronutrients in leaves, weeds/m<sup>2</sup>, and soil temperature. Treatments with the mat mulch resulted in increased height, number of fruits and flowers, biomass, and P, Zn and Cu concentrations. The mat mulch contributes to soil water retention, improves pepper agronomic variables response in plant’s height, basal stem diameter, and the number of flowers and fruits, especially with a low water irrigation regime. Furthermore, a 95% reduction in weed/m<sup>2</sup>, and soil temperature (18 °C) compared to air temperature (26.8 °C) was found. The characteristics of the waste-based mat mulch in soils offer new possibilities for environmentally friendly, efficient, and sustainable agricultural practices. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:35:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d4aa4fc89bda4dc68ae5ef5fd026c148 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:35:34Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-d4aa4fc89bda4dc68ae5ef5fd026c1482023-11-21T23:22:57ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952021-06-01116117310.3390/agronomy11061173Characterization and Use of a Crop-Residue-Based Mat Mulch in the Production of Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>) during Dry SeasonVíctor Hernández-Aranda0Diego Rojas-Tortolero1José Álvarez-Barreto2Carlos Arias-Vega3Jaime Proaño-Saraguro4Alexandra Portalanza-Chavarria5Daynet Sosa6Centro de Biotecnología, Campus Gustavo Galindo, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863, EcuadorDirección de Energía y Ambiente, Instituto de Estudios Avanzados (IDEA), Hoyo de la Puerta, Baruta P.O. Box 1015-A, VenezuelaLaboratorio de Biomateriales, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Instituto para el Desarrollo de Energías y Materiales Alternativos, IDEMA, Campus Cumbayá, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Diego de Robles y Vía Interoceánica, Quito P.O. Box 17-1200-841, EcuadorCentro de Biotecnología, Campus Gustavo Galindo, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863, EcuadorFacultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Campus Gustavo Galindo, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863, EcuadorResearch Center, Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo, Km. 2.5 vía a Samborondón, Samborondón P.O. Box 09-01-952, EcuadorCentro de Biotecnología, Campus Gustavo Galindo, Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL Polytechnic University, Km 30.5 Vía Perimetral, Guayaquil P.O. Box 09-01-5863, EcuadorAgricultural mulches from plant waste constitute an ecological alternative due to their capacity to biodegrade and incorporate into the soil. This work aimed at evaluating, during a drought, the effects of a mat mulch, based on banana rachis and rice straw, on bell pepper (<i>Capsicum</i> <i>annuum</i>) production, and to characterize the material, both mechanically (traction resistance) and physical-chemically (water retention capacity, organic and inorganic components). Two contrasting irrigation regimes were used to determine the effect of the mat mulch on edaphic and productive parameters such as plant height, basal stem diameter, number of fruits and flowers, harvest, plant biomass, macro- and micronutrients in leaves, weeds/m<sup>2</sup>, and soil temperature. Treatments with the mat mulch resulted in increased height, number of fruits and flowers, biomass, and P, Zn and Cu concentrations. The mat mulch contributes to soil water retention, improves pepper agronomic variables response in plant’s height, basal stem diameter, and the number of flowers and fruits, especially with a low water irrigation regime. Furthermore, a 95% reduction in weed/m<sup>2</sup>, and soil temperature (18 °C) compared to air temperature (26.8 °C) was found. The characteristics of the waste-based mat mulch in soils offer new possibilities for environmentally friendly, efficient, and sustainable agricultural practices.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/6/1173mulchingtemperaturedegradationweedspepper |
| spellingShingle | Víctor Hernández-Aranda Diego Rojas-Tortolero José Álvarez-Barreto Carlos Arias-Vega Jaime Proaño-Saraguro Alexandra Portalanza-Chavarria Daynet Sosa Characterization and Use of a Crop-Residue-Based Mat Mulch in the Production of Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>) during Dry Season Agronomy mulching temperature degradation weeds pepper |
| title | Characterization and Use of a Crop-Residue-Based Mat Mulch in the Production of Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>) during Dry Season |
| title_full | Characterization and Use of a Crop-Residue-Based Mat Mulch in the Production of Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>) during Dry Season |
| title_fullStr | Characterization and Use of a Crop-Residue-Based Mat Mulch in the Production of Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>) during Dry Season |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization and Use of a Crop-Residue-Based Mat Mulch in the Production of Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>) during Dry Season |
| title_short | Characterization and Use of a Crop-Residue-Based Mat Mulch in the Production of Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i>) during Dry Season |
| title_sort | characterization and use of a crop residue based mat mulch in the production of pepper i capsicum annuum i during dry season |
| topic | mulching temperature degradation weeds pepper |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/11/6/1173 |
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