Transmission-blocking activity of antimalarials for Plasmodium vivax malaria in Anopheles darlingi.
Malaria is caused by parasite of the genus Plasmodium and is still one of the most important infectious diseases in the world. Several biological characteristics of Plasmodium vivax contribute to the resilience of this species, including early gametocyte production, both of which lead to efficient m...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2023-06-01
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| Series: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011425 |
| _version_ | 1826938232879710208 |
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| author | Alice O Andrade Najara A C Santos Alessandra S Bastos José D C Pontual Jéssica E Araújo Alexia M V Silva Leandro N Martinez Alzemar A Lima Anna Caroline C Aguiar Carolina B G Teles Jansen F Medeiros Dhelio B Pereira Joseph M Vinetz Ricardo T Gazzinelli Maisa S Araújo |
| author_facet | Alice O Andrade Najara A C Santos Alessandra S Bastos José D C Pontual Jéssica E Araújo Alexia M V Silva Leandro N Martinez Alzemar A Lima Anna Caroline C Aguiar Carolina B G Teles Jansen F Medeiros Dhelio B Pereira Joseph M Vinetz Ricardo T Gazzinelli Maisa S Araújo |
| author_sort | Alice O Andrade |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Malaria is caused by parasite of the genus Plasmodium and is still one of the most important infectious diseases in the world. Several biological characteristics of Plasmodium vivax contribute to the resilience of this species, including early gametocyte production, both of which lead to efficient malaria transmission to mosquitoes. This study evaluated the impact of currently used drugs on the transmission of P. vivax. Participants received one of the following treatments for malaria: i) chloroquine [10 mg/kg on day 1 and 7.5 mg/kg on day 2 and 3] co-administered with Primaquine [0.5 mg/kg/day for 7 days]; ii) Chloroquine [10 mg/kg on day 1 and 7.5 mg/kg on day 2 and 3] co-administered with one-dose of Tafenoquine [300 mg on day 1]; and iii) Artesunate and Mefloquine [100 mg and 200 mg on day 1, 2 and 3] co-administered with Primaquine [0.5 mg/kg/day for 14 days]. Patient blood was collected before treatment and 4 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after treatment. The blood was used to perform a direct membrane feeding assay (DMFA) using Anopheles darlingi mosquitoes. The results showed 100% inhibition of the mosquito infection after 4 h using ASMQ+PQ, after 24 h for the combination of CQ+PQ and 48 h using CQ+TQ. The density of gametocytes declined over time in all treatment groups, although the decline was more rapid in the ASMQ+PQ group. In conclusion, it was possible to demonstrate the transmission-blocking efficacy of the malaria vivax treatment and that ASMQ+PQ acts faster than the two other treatments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T01:33:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d4d92659f6bf43899bc4120b0ea5fb3b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1935-2727 1935-2735 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-02-17T18:53:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-d4d92659f6bf43899bc4120b0ea5fb3b2024-12-11T05:32:08ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases1935-27271935-27352023-06-01176e001142510.1371/journal.pntd.0011425Transmission-blocking activity of antimalarials for Plasmodium vivax malaria in Anopheles darlingi.Alice O AndradeNajara A C SantosAlessandra S BastosJosé D C PontualJéssica E AraújoAlexia M V SilvaLeandro N MartinezAlzemar A LimaAnna Caroline C AguiarCarolina B G TelesJansen F MedeirosDhelio B PereiraJoseph M VinetzRicardo T GazzinelliMaisa S AraújoMalaria is caused by parasite of the genus Plasmodium and is still one of the most important infectious diseases in the world. Several biological characteristics of Plasmodium vivax contribute to the resilience of this species, including early gametocyte production, both of which lead to efficient malaria transmission to mosquitoes. This study evaluated the impact of currently used drugs on the transmission of P. vivax. Participants received one of the following treatments for malaria: i) chloroquine [10 mg/kg on day 1 and 7.5 mg/kg on day 2 and 3] co-administered with Primaquine [0.5 mg/kg/day for 7 days]; ii) Chloroquine [10 mg/kg on day 1 and 7.5 mg/kg on day 2 and 3] co-administered with one-dose of Tafenoquine [300 mg on day 1]; and iii) Artesunate and Mefloquine [100 mg and 200 mg on day 1, 2 and 3] co-administered with Primaquine [0.5 mg/kg/day for 14 days]. Patient blood was collected before treatment and 4 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after treatment. The blood was used to perform a direct membrane feeding assay (DMFA) using Anopheles darlingi mosquitoes. The results showed 100% inhibition of the mosquito infection after 4 h using ASMQ+PQ, after 24 h for the combination of CQ+PQ and 48 h using CQ+TQ. The density of gametocytes declined over time in all treatment groups, although the decline was more rapid in the ASMQ+PQ group. In conclusion, it was possible to demonstrate the transmission-blocking efficacy of the malaria vivax treatment and that ASMQ+PQ acts faster than the two other treatments.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011425 |
| spellingShingle | Alice O Andrade Najara A C Santos Alessandra S Bastos José D C Pontual Jéssica E Araújo Alexia M V Silva Leandro N Martinez Alzemar A Lima Anna Caroline C Aguiar Carolina B G Teles Jansen F Medeiros Dhelio B Pereira Joseph M Vinetz Ricardo T Gazzinelli Maisa S Araújo Transmission-blocking activity of antimalarials for Plasmodium vivax malaria in Anopheles darlingi. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| title | Transmission-blocking activity of antimalarials for Plasmodium vivax malaria in Anopheles darlingi. |
| title_full | Transmission-blocking activity of antimalarials for Plasmodium vivax malaria in Anopheles darlingi. |
| title_fullStr | Transmission-blocking activity of antimalarials for Plasmodium vivax malaria in Anopheles darlingi. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transmission-blocking activity of antimalarials for Plasmodium vivax malaria in Anopheles darlingi. |
| title_short | Transmission-blocking activity of antimalarials for Plasmodium vivax malaria in Anopheles darlingi. |
| title_sort | transmission blocking activity of antimalarials for plasmodium vivax malaria in anopheles darlingi |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011425 |
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