Functional Hydrogels for Delivery of the Proteolytic Enzyme Serratiopeptidase
Hydrogels are superior wound dressings because they can provide protection and hydration of the wound, as well as the controlled release of therapeutic substances to aid tissue regeneration and the healing process. Hydrogels obtained from natural precursors are preferred because of their low cost, b...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Gels |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/10/3/156 |
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| author | Katya Kamenova Anna Prancheva Stiliyana Stoyanova Lyubomira Radeva Ivanka Pencheva-El Tibi Krassimira Yoncheva Martin A. Ravutsov Maya K. Marinova Svilen P. Simeonov Simona Mitova Rumyana Eneva Maya M. Zaharieva Hristo Najdenski Petar D. Petrov |
| author_facet | Katya Kamenova Anna Prancheva Stiliyana Stoyanova Lyubomira Radeva Ivanka Pencheva-El Tibi Krassimira Yoncheva Martin A. Ravutsov Maya K. Marinova Svilen P. Simeonov Simona Mitova Rumyana Eneva Maya M. Zaharieva Hristo Najdenski Petar D. Petrov |
| author_sort | Katya Kamenova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hydrogels are superior wound dressings because they can provide protection and hydration of the wound, as well as the controlled release of therapeutic substances to aid tissue regeneration and the healing process. Hydrogels obtained from natural precursors are preferred because of their low cost, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. We describe the synthesis of novel functional hydrogels based on two natural products—citric acid (CA) and pentane-1,2,5-triol (PT, a product from lignocellulose processing) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-600)—via an environment friendly approach. The hydrogels were prepared via monomer crosslinking through a polycondensation reaction at an elevated temperature in the absence of any solvent. The reagents were blended at three different compositions with molar ratios of hydroxyl (from PT and PEG) to carboxyl (from CA) groups of 1:1, 1:1.4, and 1.4:1, respectively. The effect of the composition on the physicomechanical properties of materials was investigated. All hydrogels exhibited pH-sensitive behavior, while the swelling degree and elastic modulus were dependent on the composition of the polymer network. The proteolytic enzyme serratiopeptidase (SER) was loaded into a hydrogel via physical absorption as a model drug. The release profile of SER and the effects of the enzyme on healthy skin cells were assessed. The results showed that the hydrogel carrier could provide the complete release of the loaded enzyme. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:15:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d4de3bfa81af4b3c8027e0a8cc20af4f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2310-2861 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T18:15:09Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Gels |
| spelling | doaj.art-d4de3bfa81af4b3c8027e0a8cc20af4f2024-03-27T13:42:34ZengMDPI AGGels2310-28612024-02-0110315610.3390/gels10030156Functional Hydrogels for Delivery of the Proteolytic Enzyme SerratiopeptidaseKatya Kamenova0Anna Prancheva1Stiliyana Stoyanova2Lyubomira Radeva3Ivanka Pencheva-El Tibi4Krassimira Yoncheva5Martin A. Ravutsov6Maya K. Marinova7Svilen P. Simeonov8Simona Mitova9Rumyana Eneva10Maya M. Zaharieva11Hristo Najdenski12Petar D. Petrov13Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaInstitute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaOpen Laboratory on Experimental Micro and Nano Mechanics (OLEM), Institute of Mechanics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. G. Bonchev Str. Block 4, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, BulgariaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 1000 Sofia, BulgariaInstitute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaInstitute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaInstitute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaThe Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaThe Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaThe Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaThe Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaInstitute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, BulgariaHydrogels are superior wound dressings because they can provide protection and hydration of the wound, as well as the controlled release of therapeutic substances to aid tissue regeneration and the healing process. Hydrogels obtained from natural precursors are preferred because of their low cost, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. We describe the synthesis of novel functional hydrogels based on two natural products—citric acid (CA) and pentane-1,2,5-triol (PT, a product from lignocellulose processing) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-600)—via an environment friendly approach. The hydrogels were prepared via monomer crosslinking through a polycondensation reaction at an elevated temperature in the absence of any solvent. The reagents were blended at three different compositions with molar ratios of hydroxyl (from PT and PEG) to carboxyl (from CA) groups of 1:1, 1:1.4, and 1.4:1, respectively. The effect of the composition on the physicomechanical properties of materials was investigated. All hydrogels exhibited pH-sensitive behavior, while the swelling degree and elastic modulus were dependent on the composition of the polymer network. The proteolytic enzyme serratiopeptidase (SER) was loaded into a hydrogel via physical absorption as a model drug. The release profile of SER and the effects of the enzyme on healthy skin cells were assessed. The results showed that the hydrogel carrier could provide the complete release of the loaded enzyme.https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/10/3/156serratiopeptidasecitric acidnatural hydrogelspH sensitive materialsdrug deliverywound healing |
| spellingShingle | Katya Kamenova Anna Prancheva Stiliyana Stoyanova Lyubomira Radeva Ivanka Pencheva-El Tibi Krassimira Yoncheva Martin A. Ravutsov Maya K. Marinova Svilen P. Simeonov Simona Mitova Rumyana Eneva Maya M. Zaharieva Hristo Najdenski Petar D. Petrov Functional Hydrogels for Delivery of the Proteolytic Enzyme Serratiopeptidase Gels serratiopeptidase citric acid natural hydrogels pH sensitive materials drug delivery wound healing |
| title | Functional Hydrogels for Delivery of the Proteolytic Enzyme Serratiopeptidase |
| title_full | Functional Hydrogels for Delivery of the Proteolytic Enzyme Serratiopeptidase |
| title_fullStr | Functional Hydrogels for Delivery of the Proteolytic Enzyme Serratiopeptidase |
| title_full_unstemmed | Functional Hydrogels for Delivery of the Proteolytic Enzyme Serratiopeptidase |
| title_short | Functional Hydrogels for Delivery of the Proteolytic Enzyme Serratiopeptidase |
| title_sort | functional hydrogels for delivery of the proteolytic enzyme serratiopeptidase |
| topic | serratiopeptidase citric acid natural hydrogels pH sensitive materials drug delivery wound healing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2310-2861/10/3/156 |
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