Effects of sugar-sweetened soda on plasma saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in individuals with obesity: A randomized study
BackgroundHigh carbohydrate, i.e., sugars, intake potentially drives the liver into a lipogenic state leading to elevated plasma fatty acids. Excessive intake of saturated fat and sugar-sweetened soda induces liver fat accumulation, but studying the effect of high intake from sugar-sweetened soda on...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Nutrition |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.936828/full |
| _version_ | 1811281069877493760 |
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| author | Mohammed Fahad Bajahzer Jens Meldgaard Bruun Jens Meldgaard Bruun Fredrik Rosqvist Matti Marklund Matti Marklund Matti Marklund Bjørn Richelsen Bjørn Richelsen Ulf Risérus |
| author_facet | Mohammed Fahad Bajahzer Jens Meldgaard Bruun Jens Meldgaard Bruun Fredrik Rosqvist Matti Marklund Matti Marklund Matti Marklund Bjørn Richelsen Bjørn Richelsen Ulf Risérus |
| author_sort | Mohammed Fahad Bajahzer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundHigh carbohydrate, i.e., sugars, intake potentially drives the liver into a lipogenic state leading to elevated plasma fatty acids. Excessive intake of saturated fat and sugar-sweetened soda induces liver fat accumulation, but studying the effect of high intake from sugar-sweetened soda on the de novo lipogenesis (DNL) fatty acids in long-term randomized trials is lacking.ObjectiveTo study the effect of consuming 1 L/day of sugar-sweetened soda, semi-skimmed milk (milk), aspartame-sweetened soda or water over 24 weeks on DNL-derived fatty acids (i.e., palmitate (primary outcome) and other saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids), and markers of stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity (SCD1) in plasma phospholipids (PL), cholesteryl esters (CE), and triglycerides (TG).Design and methodsA randomized parallel study was conducted simultaneously at Aarhus University Hospital and Copenhagen University, Denmark, including (n = 41) individuals aged 20–50 years, with BMI of 26–40 kg/m2, and without diabetes. The groups consisted of 9 individuals in the sugar-sweetened soda, 10 in the milk, 11 in the aspartame-sweetened soda, and 11 in the water. The change at 24 weeks was assessed and compared across the groups using ANCOVA and mixed-effects models. Correlations of fatty acid changes with liver fat accumulation (magnetic resonance imaging) were explored.ResultsAfter 24 weeks, the groups differed in palmitate proportions in PL, oleate in CE and PL, and palmitoleate and SCD1 in all fractions (p < 0.05). Compared with water, the relative proportion of palmitate in PL increased by approximately 1% during both sugar-sweetened soda (p = 0.011) and milk (p = 0.006), whereas oleate and palmitoleate increased only during sugar-sweetened soda (CE 2.77%, p < 0.001; PL 1.51%, p = 0.002 and CE 1.46%, PL 0.24%, TG 1.31%, all p < 0.001, respectively). Liver fat accumulation correlated consistently with changes in palmitoleate, whereas correlations with palmitate and oleate were inconsistent across lipid fractions.ConclusionsAlthough both sugar-sweetened soda and milk increased palmitate in PL, only excess intake of sugar-sweetened soda increased palmitoleate in all lipid fractions and correlated with liver fat. In contrast, isocaloric milk intake did not increase plasma monounsaturated fatty acids.Clinical trial registration[https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00777647], identifier [NCT00777647]. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T01:25:53Z |
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| issn | 2296-861X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T01:25:53Z |
| publishDate | 2022-08-01 |
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| series | Frontiers in Nutrition |
| spelling | doaj.art-d4e331a728fb4f92b8c64acef99239f52022-12-22T03:08:38ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Nutrition2296-861X2022-08-01910.3389/fnut.2022.936828936828Effects of sugar-sweetened soda on plasma saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in individuals with obesity: A randomized studyMohammed Fahad Bajahzer0Jens Meldgaard Bruun1Jens Meldgaard Bruun2Fredrik Rosqvist3Matti Marklund4Matti Marklund5Matti Marklund6Bjørn Richelsen7Bjørn Richelsen8Ulf Risérus9Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenSteno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkClinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenClinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenThe George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, AustraliaDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United StatesSteno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, DenmarkDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, DenmarkClinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenBackgroundHigh carbohydrate, i.e., sugars, intake potentially drives the liver into a lipogenic state leading to elevated plasma fatty acids. Excessive intake of saturated fat and sugar-sweetened soda induces liver fat accumulation, but studying the effect of high intake from sugar-sweetened soda on the de novo lipogenesis (DNL) fatty acids in long-term randomized trials is lacking.ObjectiveTo study the effect of consuming 1 L/day of sugar-sweetened soda, semi-skimmed milk (milk), aspartame-sweetened soda or water over 24 weeks on DNL-derived fatty acids (i.e., palmitate (primary outcome) and other saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids), and markers of stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity (SCD1) in plasma phospholipids (PL), cholesteryl esters (CE), and triglycerides (TG).Design and methodsA randomized parallel study was conducted simultaneously at Aarhus University Hospital and Copenhagen University, Denmark, including (n = 41) individuals aged 20–50 years, with BMI of 26–40 kg/m2, and without diabetes. The groups consisted of 9 individuals in the sugar-sweetened soda, 10 in the milk, 11 in the aspartame-sweetened soda, and 11 in the water. The change at 24 weeks was assessed and compared across the groups using ANCOVA and mixed-effects models. Correlations of fatty acid changes with liver fat accumulation (magnetic resonance imaging) were explored.ResultsAfter 24 weeks, the groups differed in palmitate proportions in PL, oleate in CE and PL, and palmitoleate and SCD1 in all fractions (p < 0.05). Compared with water, the relative proportion of palmitate in PL increased by approximately 1% during both sugar-sweetened soda (p = 0.011) and milk (p = 0.006), whereas oleate and palmitoleate increased only during sugar-sweetened soda (CE 2.77%, p < 0.001; PL 1.51%, p = 0.002 and CE 1.46%, PL 0.24%, TG 1.31%, all p < 0.001, respectively). Liver fat accumulation correlated consistently with changes in palmitoleate, whereas correlations with palmitate and oleate were inconsistent across lipid fractions.ConclusionsAlthough both sugar-sweetened soda and milk increased palmitate in PL, only excess intake of sugar-sweetened soda increased palmitoleate in all lipid fractions and correlated with liver fat. In contrast, isocaloric milk intake did not increase plasma monounsaturated fatty acids.Clinical trial registration[https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00777647], identifier [NCT00777647].https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.936828/fullsugar-sweetened beveragescarbohydrate intakede novo lipogenesisplasma fatty acid compositionsaturatedmonounsaturated |
| spellingShingle | Mohammed Fahad Bajahzer Jens Meldgaard Bruun Jens Meldgaard Bruun Fredrik Rosqvist Matti Marklund Matti Marklund Matti Marklund Bjørn Richelsen Bjørn Richelsen Ulf Risérus Effects of sugar-sweetened soda on plasma saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in individuals with obesity: A randomized study Frontiers in Nutrition sugar-sweetened beverages carbohydrate intake de novo lipogenesis plasma fatty acid composition saturated monounsaturated |
| title | Effects of sugar-sweetened soda on plasma saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in individuals with obesity: A randomized study |
| title_full | Effects of sugar-sweetened soda on plasma saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in individuals with obesity: A randomized study |
| title_fullStr | Effects of sugar-sweetened soda on plasma saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in individuals with obesity: A randomized study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of sugar-sweetened soda on plasma saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in individuals with obesity: A randomized study |
| title_short | Effects of sugar-sweetened soda on plasma saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in individuals with obesity: A randomized study |
| title_sort | effects of sugar sweetened soda on plasma saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in individuals with obesity a randomized study |
| topic | sugar-sweetened beverages carbohydrate intake de novo lipogenesis plasma fatty acid composition saturated monounsaturated |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.936828/full |
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