Effect of extracellular polymeric substances on the colony size and morphological changes of Microcystis
Surface blooms of colony-forming Microcystis are increasingly occurring in aquatic ecosystems on a global scale. Recent studies have found that the Microcystis colonial morphology is a crucial factor in the occurrence, persistence, and dominance of Microcystis blooms, yet the mechanism driving its m...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1367205/full |
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| author | Jiaxin Pan Jiaxin Pan Zhongyong Yang Nan Hu Nan Hu Bangding Xiao Bangding Xiao Chunbo Wang Chunbo Wang Xingqiang Wu Xingqiang Wu Tiantian Yang Tiantian Yang |
| author_facet | Jiaxin Pan Jiaxin Pan Zhongyong Yang Nan Hu Nan Hu Bangding Xiao Bangding Xiao Chunbo Wang Chunbo Wang Xingqiang Wu Xingqiang Wu Tiantian Yang Tiantian Yang |
| author_sort | Jiaxin Pan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Surface blooms of colony-forming Microcystis are increasingly occurring in aquatic ecosystems on a global scale. Recent studies have found that the Microcystis colonial morphology is a crucial factor in the occurrence, persistence, and dominance of Microcystis blooms, yet the mechanism driving its morphological dynamics has remained unknown. This study conducted a laboratory experiment to test the effect of extracellular polymeric substances on the morphological dynamics of Microcystis. Ultrasound was used to disaggregate colonies, isolating the cells and of the Microcystis suspension. The single cells were then re-cultured under three homologous EPS concentrations: group CK, group Low, and group High. The size, morphology, and EPS [including tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS), loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS), bound polysaccharides (B-polysaccharides), and bound proteins (B-proteins)] changes of colonies were closely monitored over a period of 2 months. It was observed that colonies were rapidly formed in group CK, with median colony size (D50) reaching 183 µm on day 12. The proportion of colonies with a size of 150–500 µm increased from 1% to more than 50%. Colony formation was also observed in both groups Low and High, but their D50 increased at a slower rate and remained around 130 µm after day 17. Colonies with a size of 50–150 µm account for more than 50%. Groups CK and Low successively recovered the initial Microcystis morphology, which is a ring structure formed of several small colonies with a D50 of 130 µm. During the recovery of the colony morphology, the EPS per cell increased and then decreased, with TB-EPS and B-polysaccharides constituting the primary components. The results suggest that colony formation transitioned from adhesion driven to being division driven over time. It is suggested that the homologous EPS released into the ambient environment due to the disaggregation of the colony is a chemical cue that can affect the formation of a colony. This plays an important but largely ignored role in the dynamics of Microcystis and surface blooms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:44:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d4f9d72172354fb8970d8fd7ceef5154 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T15:44:00Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-d4f9d72172354fb8970d8fd7ceef51542024-03-05T05:07:11ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2024-03-011510.3389/fpls.2024.13672051367205Effect of extracellular polymeric substances on the colony size and morphological changes of MicrocystisJiaxin Pan0Jiaxin Pan1Zhongyong Yang2Nan Hu3Nan Hu4Bangding Xiao5Bangding Xiao6Chunbo Wang7Chunbo Wang8Xingqiang Wu9Xingqiang Wu10Tiantian Yang11Tiantian Yang12College of Hydraulic and Envrionmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, ChinaKey Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, ChinaCollege of Hydraulic and Envrionmental Engineering, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, ChinaKey Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, ChinaSchool of Envrionmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, ChinaKey Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, ChinaKunming Dianchi and Plateau Lakes Institute, Dianchi Lake Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province, Kunming, ChinaKey Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, ChinaKunming Dianchi and Plateau Lakes Institute, Dianchi Lake Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province, Kunming, ChinaKey Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, ChinaKunming Dianchi and Plateau Lakes Institute, Dianchi Lake Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province, Kunming, ChinaKey Laboratory of Algal Biology of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, ChinaKunming Dianchi and Plateau Lakes Institute, Dianchi Lake Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province, Kunming, ChinaSurface blooms of colony-forming Microcystis are increasingly occurring in aquatic ecosystems on a global scale. Recent studies have found that the Microcystis colonial morphology is a crucial factor in the occurrence, persistence, and dominance of Microcystis blooms, yet the mechanism driving its morphological dynamics has remained unknown. This study conducted a laboratory experiment to test the effect of extracellular polymeric substances on the morphological dynamics of Microcystis. Ultrasound was used to disaggregate colonies, isolating the cells and of the Microcystis suspension. The single cells were then re-cultured under three homologous EPS concentrations: group CK, group Low, and group High. The size, morphology, and EPS [including tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS), loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS), bound polysaccharides (B-polysaccharides), and bound proteins (B-proteins)] changes of colonies were closely monitored over a period of 2 months. It was observed that colonies were rapidly formed in group CK, with median colony size (D50) reaching 183 µm on day 12. The proportion of colonies with a size of 150–500 µm increased from 1% to more than 50%. Colony formation was also observed in both groups Low and High, but their D50 increased at a slower rate and remained around 130 µm after day 17. Colonies with a size of 50–150 µm account for more than 50%. Groups CK and Low successively recovered the initial Microcystis morphology, which is a ring structure formed of several small colonies with a D50 of 130 µm. During the recovery of the colony morphology, the EPS per cell increased and then decreased, with TB-EPS and B-polysaccharides constituting the primary components. The results suggest that colony formation transitioned from adhesion driven to being division driven over time. It is suggested that the homologous EPS released into the ambient environment due to the disaggregation of the colony is a chemical cue that can affect the formation of a colony. This plays an important but largely ignored role in the dynamics of Microcystis and surface blooms.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1367205/fullextracellular polymeric substancesMicrocystiscolony formationcolony sizemorphology |
| spellingShingle | Jiaxin Pan Jiaxin Pan Zhongyong Yang Nan Hu Nan Hu Bangding Xiao Bangding Xiao Chunbo Wang Chunbo Wang Xingqiang Wu Xingqiang Wu Tiantian Yang Tiantian Yang Effect of extracellular polymeric substances on the colony size and morphological changes of Microcystis Frontiers in Plant Science extracellular polymeric substances Microcystis colony formation colony size morphology |
| title | Effect of extracellular polymeric substances on the colony size and morphological changes of Microcystis |
| title_full | Effect of extracellular polymeric substances on the colony size and morphological changes of Microcystis |
| title_fullStr | Effect of extracellular polymeric substances on the colony size and morphological changes of Microcystis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of extracellular polymeric substances on the colony size and morphological changes of Microcystis |
| title_short | Effect of extracellular polymeric substances on the colony size and morphological changes of Microcystis |
| title_sort | effect of extracellular polymeric substances on the colony size and morphological changes of microcystis |
| topic | extracellular polymeric substances Microcystis colony formation colony size morphology |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2024.1367205/full |
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