LC–MS Metabolomic Profiling of Five Types of Unrefined, Cold-Pressed Seed Oils to Identify Markers to Determine Oil Authenticity and to Test for Oil Adulteration
The authenticity of food products marketed as health-promoting foods—especially unrefined, cold-pressed seed oils—should be controlled to ensure their quality and safeguard consumers and patients. Metabolomic profiling using liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometr...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/12/4754 |
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| author | Agata Sumara Anna Stachniuk Alicja Trzpil Adrian Bartoszek Magdalena Montowska Emilia Fornal |
| author_facet | Agata Sumara Anna Stachniuk Alicja Trzpil Adrian Bartoszek Magdalena Montowska Emilia Fornal |
| author_sort | Agata Sumara |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The authenticity of food products marketed as health-promoting foods—especially unrefined, cold-pressed seed oils—should be controlled to ensure their quality and safeguard consumers and patients. Metabolomic profiling using liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC–QTOF) was employed to identify authenticity markers for five types of unrefined, cold-pressed seed oils: black seed oil (<i>Nigella sativa</i> L.), pumpkin seed oil (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L.), evening primrose oil (<i>Oenothera biennis</i> L.), hemp oil (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) and milk thistle oil (<i>Silybum marianum</i>). Of the 36 oil-specific markers detected, 10 were established for black seed oil, 8 for evening primrose seed oil, 7 for hemp seed oil, 4 for milk thistle seed oil and 7 for pumpkin seed oil. In addition, the influence of matrix variability on the oil-specific metabolic markers was examined by studying binary oil mixtures containing varying volume percentages of each tested oil and each of three potential adulterants: sunflower, rapeseed and sesame oil. The presence of oil-specific markers was confirmed in 7 commercial oil mix products. The identified 36 oil-specific metabolic markers proved useful for confirming the authenticity of the five target seed oils. The ability to detect adulterations of these oils with sunflower, rapeseed and sesame oil was demonstrated. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:06:39Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d4fa4b4a2c0146e98173319527e840a5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:06:39Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-d4fa4b4a2c0146e98173319527e840a52023-11-18T11:49:52ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-06-012812475410.3390/molecules28124754LC–MS Metabolomic Profiling of Five Types of Unrefined, Cold-Pressed Seed Oils to Identify Markers to Determine Oil Authenticity and to Test for Oil AdulterationAgata Sumara0Anna Stachniuk1Alicja Trzpil2Adrian Bartoszek3Magdalena Montowska4Emilia Fornal5Department of Bioanalytics, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Bioanalytics, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Bioanalytics, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Bioanalytics, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Meat Technology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, ul. Wojska Polskiego 31, 60-624 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Bioanalytics, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, PolandThe authenticity of food products marketed as health-promoting foods—especially unrefined, cold-pressed seed oils—should be controlled to ensure their quality and safeguard consumers and patients. Metabolomic profiling using liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC–QTOF) was employed to identify authenticity markers for five types of unrefined, cold-pressed seed oils: black seed oil (<i>Nigella sativa</i> L.), pumpkin seed oil (<i>Cucurbita pepo</i> L.), evening primrose oil (<i>Oenothera biennis</i> L.), hemp oil (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) and milk thistle oil (<i>Silybum marianum</i>). Of the 36 oil-specific markers detected, 10 were established for black seed oil, 8 for evening primrose seed oil, 7 for hemp seed oil, 4 for milk thistle seed oil and 7 for pumpkin seed oil. In addition, the influence of matrix variability on the oil-specific metabolic markers was examined by studying binary oil mixtures containing varying volume percentages of each tested oil and each of three potential adulterants: sunflower, rapeseed and sesame oil. The presence of oil-specific markers was confirmed in 7 commercial oil mix products. The identified 36 oil-specific metabolic markers proved useful for confirming the authenticity of the five target seed oils. The ability to detect adulterations of these oils with sunflower, rapeseed and sesame oil was demonstrated.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/12/4754plant oilLC-MSmetabolomicoil markersauthenticity testingdetection of adulteration |
| spellingShingle | Agata Sumara Anna Stachniuk Alicja Trzpil Adrian Bartoszek Magdalena Montowska Emilia Fornal LC–MS Metabolomic Profiling of Five Types of Unrefined, Cold-Pressed Seed Oils to Identify Markers to Determine Oil Authenticity and to Test for Oil Adulteration Molecules plant oil LC-MS metabolomic oil markers authenticity testing detection of adulteration |
| title | LC–MS Metabolomic Profiling of Five Types of Unrefined, Cold-Pressed Seed Oils to Identify Markers to Determine Oil Authenticity and to Test for Oil Adulteration |
| title_full | LC–MS Metabolomic Profiling of Five Types of Unrefined, Cold-Pressed Seed Oils to Identify Markers to Determine Oil Authenticity and to Test for Oil Adulteration |
| title_fullStr | LC–MS Metabolomic Profiling of Five Types of Unrefined, Cold-Pressed Seed Oils to Identify Markers to Determine Oil Authenticity and to Test for Oil Adulteration |
| title_full_unstemmed | LC–MS Metabolomic Profiling of Five Types of Unrefined, Cold-Pressed Seed Oils to Identify Markers to Determine Oil Authenticity and to Test for Oil Adulteration |
| title_short | LC–MS Metabolomic Profiling of Five Types of Unrefined, Cold-Pressed Seed Oils to Identify Markers to Determine Oil Authenticity and to Test for Oil Adulteration |
| title_sort | lc ms metabolomic profiling of five types of unrefined cold pressed seed oils to identify markers to determine oil authenticity and to test for oil adulteration |
| topic | plant oil LC-MS metabolomic oil markers authenticity testing detection of adulteration |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/12/4754 |
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