Carriage rates and antimicrobial sensitivity of pneumococci in the upper respiratory tract of children less than ten years old, in a north Indian rural community.
Pneumococcal carriage studies are important for vaccine introduction and treatment strategies. Pneumococcal carriage rates estimated in this cohort study among children in a rural community of northern India. Between August 2012 and August 2014, trained nurses made weekly home visits to screen enrol...
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2021-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246522 |
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| author | Sambuddha Kumar Debjani Ram Purakayastha Arti Kapil Siddhartha Saha Fatimah S Dawood Bimal Kumar Das Ritvik Amarchand Rakesh Kumar Kathryn E Lafond Seema Jain Anand Krishnan |
| author_facet | Sambuddha Kumar Debjani Ram Purakayastha Arti Kapil Siddhartha Saha Fatimah S Dawood Bimal Kumar Das Ritvik Amarchand Rakesh Kumar Kathryn E Lafond Seema Jain Anand Krishnan |
| author_sort | Sambuddha Kumar |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pneumococcal carriage studies are important for vaccine introduction and treatment strategies. Pneumococcal carriage rates estimated in this cohort study among children in a rural community of northern India. Between August 2012 and August 2014, trained nurses made weekly home visits to screen enrolled children aged <10 years for acute upper or lower respiratory infections (AURI/ALRI) in Ballabgarh, Haryana. Nasal swab from infants aged <1year and throat swab from children aged ≥1 year were collected. All specimens were cultured for pneumococci; isolates were serotyped and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing. During the study period, 4348 nasal/throat swabs collected from children with clinical features of ARI (836 ALRI, 2492 AURI) and from 1020 asymptomatic children. Overall pneumococcal carriage was 5.1%, the highest carriage rate among children <1 year of age (22.6%). The detection rates were higher among children with ARI (5.6%; 95% CI: 4.8-6.4) than asymptomatic children (3.3%; 95% CI: 2.3-4.6). Among 220 pneumococcal isolates, 42 diverse serotypes were identified, with 6B/C (8.6%), 19A (7.2%), 19F (6.8%), 23F (6.4%), 35A/B/C (6.4%), 15B (5%), 14 (4.5%) and 11A/C/D (3.2%) accounting for 50%. Forty-five percent of the serotypes identified are included in the current formulation of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Ninety-six percent of isolates were resistant to co-trimoxazole, 9% were resistant to erythromycin, and 10% had intermediate resistance to penicillin with minimum inhibitory concentration ranges (0.125 to 1.5 μg/ml). Pneumococcal detection was relatively low among children in our study community but demonstrated a diverse range of serotypes and half of these serotypes would be covered by the current formulation of 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T23:24:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d5014b2c8aa64bdf848fa3f371b52d7d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T23:24:12Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-d5014b2c8aa64bdf848fa3f371b52d7d2022-12-21T19:23:26ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032021-01-01162e024652210.1371/journal.pone.0246522Carriage rates and antimicrobial sensitivity of pneumococci in the upper respiratory tract of children less than ten years old, in a north Indian rural community.Sambuddha KumarDebjani Ram PurakayasthaArti KapilSiddhartha SahaFatimah S DawoodBimal Kumar DasRitvik AmarchandRakesh KumarKathryn E LafondSeema JainAnand KrishnanPneumococcal carriage studies are important for vaccine introduction and treatment strategies. Pneumococcal carriage rates estimated in this cohort study among children in a rural community of northern India. Between August 2012 and August 2014, trained nurses made weekly home visits to screen enrolled children aged <10 years for acute upper or lower respiratory infections (AURI/ALRI) in Ballabgarh, Haryana. Nasal swab from infants aged <1year and throat swab from children aged ≥1 year were collected. All specimens were cultured for pneumococci; isolates were serotyped and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing. During the study period, 4348 nasal/throat swabs collected from children with clinical features of ARI (836 ALRI, 2492 AURI) and from 1020 asymptomatic children. Overall pneumococcal carriage was 5.1%, the highest carriage rate among children <1 year of age (22.6%). The detection rates were higher among children with ARI (5.6%; 95% CI: 4.8-6.4) than asymptomatic children (3.3%; 95% CI: 2.3-4.6). Among 220 pneumococcal isolates, 42 diverse serotypes were identified, with 6B/C (8.6%), 19A (7.2%), 19F (6.8%), 23F (6.4%), 35A/B/C (6.4%), 15B (5%), 14 (4.5%) and 11A/C/D (3.2%) accounting for 50%. Forty-five percent of the serotypes identified are included in the current formulation of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Ninety-six percent of isolates were resistant to co-trimoxazole, 9% were resistant to erythromycin, and 10% had intermediate resistance to penicillin with minimum inhibitory concentration ranges (0.125 to 1.5 μg/ml). Pneumococcal detection was relatively low among children in our study community but demonstrated a diverse range of serotypes and half of these serotypes would be covered by the current formulation of 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine.https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246522 |
| spellingShingle | Sambuddha Kumar Debjani Ram Purakayastha Arti Kapil Siddhartha Saha Fatimah S Dawood Bimal Kumar Das Ritvik Amarchand Rakesh Kumar Kathryn E Lafond Seema Jain Anand Krishnan Carriage rates and antimicrobial sensitivity of pneumococci in the upper respiratory tract of children less than ten years old, in a north Indian rural community. PLoS ONE |
| title | Carriage rates and antimicrobial sensitivity of pneumococci in the upper respiratory tract of children less than ten years old, in a north Indian rural community. |
| title_full | Carriage rates and antimicrobial sensitivity of pneumococci in the upper respiratory tract of children less than ten years old, in a north Indian rural community. |
| title_fullStr | Carriage rates and antimicrobial sensitivity of pneumococci in the upper respiratory tract of children less than ten years old, in a north Indian rural community. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carriage rates and antimicrobial sensitivity of pneumococci in the upper respiratory tract of children less than ten years old, in a north Indian rural community. |
| title_short | Carriage rates and antimicrobial sensitivity of pneumococci in the upper respiratory tract of children less than ten years old, in a north Indian rural community. |
| title_sort | carriage rates and antimicrobial sensitivity of pneumococci in the upper respiratory tract of children less than ten years old in a north indian rural community |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246522 |
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