<i>Janthinobacterium lividum</i> as An Emerging Pathogenic Bacterium Affecting Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) Fisheries in Korea
<i>Janthinobacterium</i> spp. are normally considered non-pathogenic, and few pathogenesis-related studies have been reported. Here, we report the first isolation of <i>Janthinobacterium lividum</i> in Korea as a pathogenic bacterium infecting rainbow trout. Mass mortality wa...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2019-09-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/8/3/146 |
| _version_ | 1811301658702905344 |
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| author | Woo Taek Oh Sib Sankar Giri Saekil Yun Hyoun Joong Kim Sang Guen Kim Sang Wha Kim Jeong Woo Kang Se Jin Han Jun Kwon Jin Woo Jun Se Chang Park |
| author_facet | Woo Taek Oh Sib Sankar Giri Saekil Yun Hyoun Joong Kim Sang Guen Kim Sang Wha Kim Jeong Woo Kang Se Jin Han Jun Kwon Jin Woo Jun Se Chang Park |
| author_sort | Woo Taek Oh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Janthinobacterium</i> spp. are normally considered non-pathogenic, and few pathogenesis-related studies have been reported. Here, we report the first isolation of <i>Janthinobacterium lividum</i> in Korea as a pathogenic bacterium infecting rainbow trout. Mass mortality was observed at one rainbow trout hatchery, and dead fish were necropsied. Gram-negative, nonmotile, rod-shaped bacteria that grew on Cytophaga agar were isolated. A specific violet pigmentation was observed after 7 days of cultivation, and the species were characterized on the basis of the analysis of the 16S rRNA gene. Because no research has focused so far on the pathogenicity of these bacteria, our study was directed to their pathogenic role based on infection-induced histopathology. Examination of stained tissue sections revealed severe renal bacteraemia and tubule degeneration. Other tissue sections, including sections from the liver and the spleen, were relatively clear. The measured half-maximal lethal dose (LD<sub>50</sub>) was approximately 3 × 10<sup>5</sup> colony-forming units/fish, suggesting that this bacterium may be an opportunistic pathogen in rainbow trout fisheries. Since the bacterium commonly dwells in soil and most water for rainbow trout fisheries in Korea is supplied from ground water, the bacteria may naturally flow into the aquatic environment. Therefore, recognition of any pathogenic role of <i>J. lividum</i> is important for the prevention of disease in aquaculture. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:13:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d505f0e8823b4531ba584713c395eddd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:13:50Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-d505f0e8823b4531ba584713c395eddd2022-12-22T02:56:49ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172019-09-018314610.3390/pathogens8030146pathogens8030146<i>Janthinobacterium lividum</i> as An Emerging Pathogenic Bacterium Affecting Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) Fisheries in KoreaWoo Taek Oh0Sib Sankar Giri1Saekil Yun2Hyoun Joong Kim3Sang Guen Kim4Sang Wha Kim5Jeong Woo Kang6Se Jin Han7Jun Kwon8Jin Woo Jun9Se Chang Park10Laboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, KoreaLaboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, KoreaLaboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, KoreaLaboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, KoreaLaboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, KoreaLaboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, KoreaLaboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, KoreaLaboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, KoreaLaboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, KoreaDepartment of Aquaculture, Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries, Jeonju 54874, KoreaLaboratory of Aquatic Biomedicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea<i>Janthinobacterium</i> spp. are normally considered non-pathogenic, and few pathogenesis-related studies have been reported. Here, we report the first isolation of <i>Janthinobacterium lividum</i> in Korea as a pathogenic bacterium infecting rainbow trout. Mass mortality was observed at one rainbow trout hatchery, and dead fish were necropsied. Gram-negative, nonmotile, rod-shaped bacteria that grew on Cytophaga agar were isolated. A specific violet pigmentation was observed after 7 days of cultivation, and the species were characterized on the basis of the analysis of the 16S rRNA gene. Because no research has focused so far on the pathogenicity of these bacteria, our study was directed to their pathogenic role based on infection-induced histopathology. Examination of stained tissue sections revealed severe renal bacteraemia and tubule degeneration. Other tissue sections, including sections from the liver and the spleen, were relatively clear. The measured half-maximal lethal dose (LD<sub>50</sub>) was approximately 3 × 10<sup>5</sup> colony-forming units/fish, suggesting that this bacterium may be an opportunistic pathogen in rainbow trout fisheries. Since the bacterium commonly dwells in soil and most water for rainbow trout fisheries in Korea is supplied from ground water, the bacteria may naturally flow into the aquatic environment. Therefore, recognition of any pathogenic role of <i>J. lividum</i> is important for the prevention of disease in aquaculture.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/8/3/146<i>Janthinobacterium lividum</i><i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>Koreapathogen |
| spellingShingle | Woo Taek Oh Sib Sankar Giri Saekil Yun Hyoun Joong Kim Sang Guen Kim Sang Wha Kim Jeong Woo Kang Se Jin Han Jun Kwon Jin Woo Jun Se Chang Park <i>Janthinobacterium lividum</i> as An Emerging Pathogenic Bacterium Affecting Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) Fisheries in Korea Pathogens <i>Janthinobacterium lividum</i> <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i> Korea pathogen |
| title | <i>Janthinobacterium lividum</i> as An Emerging Pathogenic Bacterium Affecting Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) Fisheries in Korea |
| title_full | <i>Janthinobacterium lividum</i> as An Emerging Pathogenic Bacterium Affecting Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) Fisheries in Korea |
| title_fullStr | <i>Janthinobacterium lividum</i> as An Emerging Pathogenic Bacterium Affecting Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) Fisheries in Korea |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Janthinobacterium lividum</i> as An Emerging Pathogenic Bacterium Affecting Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) Fisheries in Korea |
| title_short | <i>Janthinobacterium lividum</i> as An Emerging Pathogenic Bacterium Affecting Rainbow Trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) Fisheries in Korea |
| title_sort | i janthinobacterium lividum i as an emerging pathogenic bacterium affecting rainbow trout i oncorhynchus mykiss i fisheries in korea |
| topic | <i>Janthinobacterium lividum</i> <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i> Korea pathogen |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/8/3/146 |
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