Management and Sustainable Exploitation of Marine Environments through Smart Monitoring and Automation
Monitoring of aquatic ecosystems has been historically accomplished by intensive campaigns of direct measurements (by probes and other boat instruments) and indirect extensive methods such as aero-photogrammetry and satellite detection. These measurements characterized the research in the last centu...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/2/297 |
| _version_ | 1827654325715861504 |
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| author | Francesca Glaviano Roberta Esposito Anna Di Cosmo Francesco Esposito Luca Gerevini Andrea Ria Mario Molinara Paolo Bruschi Maria Costantini Valerio Zupo |
| author_facet | Francesca Glaviano Roberta Esposito Anna Di Cosmo Francesco Esposito Luca Gerevini Andrea Ria Mario Molinara Paolo Bruschi Maria Costantini Valerio Zupo |
| author_sort | Francesca Glaviano |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Monitoring of aquatic ecosystems has been historically accomplished by intensive campaigns of direct measurements (by probes and other boat instruments) and indirect extensive methods such as aero-photogrammetry and satellite detection. These measurements characterized the research in the last century, with significant but limited improvements within those technological boundaries. The newest advances in the field of smart devices and increased networking capabilities provided by emerging tools, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), offer increasing opportunities to provide accurate and precise measurements over larger areas. These perspectives also correspond to an increasing need to promptly respond to frequent catastrophic impacts produced by drilling stations and intense transportation activities of dangerous materials over ocean routes. The shape of coastal ecosystems continuously varies due to increasing anthropic activities and climatic changes, aside from touristic activities, industrial impacts, and conservation practices. Smart buoy networks (SBNs), autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), and multi-sensor microsystems (MSMs) such as smart cable water (SCW) are able to learn specific patterns of ecological conditions, along with electronic “noses”, permitting them to set innovative low-cost monitoring stations reacting in real time to the signals of marine environments by autonomously adapting their monitoring programs and eventually sending alarm messages to prompt human intervention. These opportunities, according to multimodal scenarios, are dramatically changing both the coastal monitoring operations and the investigations over large oceanic areas by yielding huge amounts of information and partially computing them in order to provide intelligent responses. However, the major effects of these tools on the management of marine environments are still to be realized, and they are likely to become evident in the next decade. In this review, we examined from an ecological perspective the most striking innovations applied by various research groups around the world and analyzed their advantages and limits to depict scenarios of monitoring activities made possible for the next decade. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:39:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d520dd40d5c54b5a8546ba758d0c1062 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:39:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-d520dd40d5c54b5a8546ba758d0c10622023-11-23T20:36:40ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122022-02-0110229710.3390/jmse10020297Management and Sustainable Exploitation of Marine Environments through Smart Monitoring and AutomationFrancesca Glaviano0Roberta Esposito1Anna Di Cosmo2Francesco Esposito3Luca Gerevini4Andrea Ria5Mario Molinara6Paolo Bruschi7Maria Costantini8Valerio Zupo9Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, ItalyStazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, ItalyDepartment of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte Sant’Angelo, Via Cinthia 21, 80126 Naples, ItalyStazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, ItalySensichips Srl., Via Fanciulla d’Anzio 9, 00042 Anzio, ItalySensichips Srl., Via Fanciulla d’Anzio 9, 00042 Anzio, ItalyDIEI—Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettrica e dell’Informazione, Università di Cassino e del Lazio Meridionale, Via G. Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, ItalyDipartimento di Ingegneria dell’Informazione, Università di Pisa, Via Caruso 16, 56122 Pisa, ItalyStazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, ItalyStazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Department of Ecosustainable Marine Biotechnology, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, ItalyMonitoring of aquatic ecosystems has been historically accomplished by intensive campaigns of direct measurements (by probes and other boat instruments) and indirect extensive methods such as aero-photogrammetry and satellite detection. These measurements characterized the research in the last century, with significant but limited improvements within those technological boundaries. The newest advances in the field of smart devices and increased networking capabilities provided by emerging tools, such as the Internet of Things (IoT), offer increasing opportunities to provide accurate and precise measurements over larger areas. These perspectives also correspond to an increasing need to promptly respond to frequent catastrophic impacts produced by drilling stations and intense transportation activities of dangerous materials over ocean routes. The shape of coastal ecosystems continuously varies due to increasing anthropic activities and climatic changes, aside from touristic activities, industrial impacts, and conservation practices. Smart buoy networks (SBNs), autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs), and multi-sensor microsystems (MSMs) such as smart cable water (SCW) are able to learn specific patterns of ecological conditions, along with electronic “noses”, permitting them to set innovative low-cost monitoring stations reacting in real time to the signals of marine environments by autonomously adapting their monitoring programs and eventually sending alarm messages to prompt human intervention. These opportunities, according to multimodal scenarios, are dramatically changing both the coastal monitoring operations and the investigations over large oceanic areas by yielding huge amounts of information and partially computing them in order to provide intelligent responses. However, the major effects of these tools on the management of marine environments are still to be realized, and they are likely to become evident in the next decade. In this review, we examined from an ecological perspective the most striking innovations applied by various research groups around the world and analyzed their advantages and limits to depict scenarios of monitoring activities made possible for the next decade.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/2/297IoTbuoyaquaculturecoastalconnectivitytransmission |
| spellingShingle | Francesca Glaviano Roberta Esposito Anna Di Cosmo Francesco Esposito Luca Gerevini Andrea Ria Mario Molinara Paolo Bruschi Maria Costantini Valerio Zupo Management and Sustainable Exploitation of Marine Environments through Smart Monitoring and Automation Journal of Marine Science and Engineering IoT buoy aquaculture coastal connectivity transmission |
| title | Management and Sustainable Exploitation of Marine Environments through Smart Monitoring and Automation |
| title_full | Management and Sustainable Exploitation of Marine Environments through Smart Monitoring and Automation |
| title_fullStr | Management and Sustainable Exploitation of Marine Environments through Smart Monitoring and Automation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Management and Sustainable Exploitation of Marine Environments through Smart Monitoring and Automation |
| title_short | Management and Sustainable Exploitation of Marine Environments through Smart Monitoring and Automation |
| title_sort | management and sustainable exploitation of marine environments through smart monitoring and automation |
| topic | IoT buoy aquaculture coastal connectivity transmission |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/10/2/297 |
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