Waste to Carbon: Densification of Torrefied Refuse-Derived Fuel
In this work, for the first time, the feasibility of obtaining carbonized refuse-derived fuel (CRDF) pelletization from municipal solid waste (MSW) was shown. Production of CRDF by torrefaction of MSW could be the future of recycling technology. The objective was to determine the applied pressure ne...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2018-11-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/11/3233 |
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| author | Andrzej Białowiec Monika Micuda Jacek A. Koziel |
| author_facet | Andrzej Białowiec Monika Micuda Jacek A. Koziel |
| author_sort | Andrzej Białowiec |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this work, for the first time, the feasibility of obtaining carbonized refuse-derived fuel (CRDF) pelletization from municipal solid waste (MSW) was shown. Production of CRDF by torrefaction of MSW could be the future of recycling technology. The objective was to determine the applied pressure needed to produce CRDF pellets with compressive strength (CS) comparable to conventional biomass pellets. Also, the hypothesis that a binder (water glass (WG)) applied to CRDF as a coating can improve CS was tested. The pelletizing was based on the lab-scale production of CRDF pellets with pressure ranging from 8.5 MPa to 76.2 MPa. The resulting CS pellets increased from 0.06 MPa to 3.44 MPa with applied pelletizing pressure up to the threshold of 50.8 MPa, above which it did not significantly improve (<i>p</i> < 0.05). It was found that the addition of 10% WG to 50.8 MPa CRDF pellets or coating them with WG did not significantly improve the CS (<i>p</i> < 0.05). It was possible to produce durable pellets from CRDF. The CS was comparable to pine pellets. This research advances the concept of energy recovery from MSW, particularly by providing practical information on densification of CRDF originating from the torrefaction of the flammable fraction of MSW⁻refuse-derived fuel. Modification of CRDF through pelletization is proposed as preparation of lower volume fuel with projected lower costs of its storage and transportation and for a wider adoption of this technology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T18:43:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d527dd0243ac4759915ac24246056c97 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T18:43:29Z |
| publishDate | 2018-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-d527dd0243ac4759915ac24246056c972022-12-22T04:08:54ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732018-11-011111323310.3390/en11113233en11113233Waste to Carbon: Densification of Torrefied Refuse-Derived FuelAndrzej Białowiec0Monika Micuda1Jacek A. Koziel2Faculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, PolandFaculty of Life Sciences and Technology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USAIn this work, for the first time, the feasibility of obtaining carbonized refuse-derived fuel (CRDF) pelletization from municipal solid waste (MSW) was shown. Production of CRDF by torrefaction of MSW could be the future of recycling technology. The objective was to determine the applied pressure needed to produce CRDF pellets with compressive strength (CS) comparable to conventional biomass pellets. Also, the hypothesis that a binder (water glass (WG)) applied to CRDF as a coating can improve CS was tested. The pelletizing was based on the lab-scale production of CRDF pellets with pressure ranging from 8.5 MPa to 76.2 MPa. The resulting CS pellets increased from 0.06 MPa to 3.44 MPa with applied pelletizing pressure up to the threshold of 50.8 MPa, above which it did not significantly improve (<i>p</i> < 0.05). It was found that the addition of 10% WG to 50.8 MPa CRDF pellets or coating them with WG did not significantly improve the CS (<i>p</i> < 0.05). It was possible to produce durable pellets from CRDF. The CS was comparable to pine pellets. This research advances the concept of energy recovery from MSW, particularly by providing practical information on densification of CRDF originating from the torrefaction of the flammable fraction of MSW⁻refuse-derived fuel. Modification of CRDF through pelletization is proposed as preparation of lower volume fuel with projected lower costs of its storage and transportation and for a wider adoption of this technology.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/11/3233energy recoverybiochar pelletstorrefactioncircular economycompressive strengthmunicipal wasteenergy densificationwaste to carbonrecyclingRDF |
| spellingShingle | Andrzej Białowiec Monika Micuda Jacek A. Koziel Waste to Carbon: Densification of Torrefied Refuse-Derived Fuel Energies energy recovery biochar pellets torrefaction circular economy compressive strength municipal waste energy densification waste to carbon recycling RDF |
| title | Waste to Carbon: Densification of Torrefied Refuse-Derived Fuel |
| title_full | Waste to Carbon: Densification of Torrefied Refuse-Derived Fuel |
| title_fullStr | Waste to Carbon: Densification of Torrefied Refuse-Derived Fuel |
| title_full_unstemmed | Waste to Carbon: Densification of Torrefied Refuse-Derived Fuel |
| title_short | Waste to Carbon: Densification of Torrefied Refuse-Derived Fuel |
| title_sort | waste to carbon densification of torrefied refuse derived fuel |
| topic | energy recovery biochar pellets torrefaction circular economy compressive strength municipal waste energy densification waste to carbon recycling RDF |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/11/3233 |
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