Current status and temporal trend in incidence, death, and burden of esophageal cancer from 1990−2019

Abstract Background Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the world's most unknown and deadly cancers. This study aimed to provide updated epidemiological indicators and the recent trend of EC by age group, gender, and geographical region in the world. Methods Annual case data and age‐standardized r...

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Main Authors: Afrooz Mazidimoradi, Niloofar Banakar, Yousef Khani, Leila Allahqoli, Hamid Salehiniya
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2023-08-01
Series:Thoracic Cancer
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.15028
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author Afrooz Mazidimoradi
Niloofar Banakar
Yousef Khani
Leila Allahqoli
Hamid Salehiniya
author_facet Afrooz Mazidimoradi
Niloofar Banakar
Yousef Khani
Leila Allahqoli
Hamid Salehiniya
author_sort Afrooz Mazidimoradi
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the world's most unknown and deadly cancers. This study aimed to provide updated epidemiological indicators and the recent trend of EC by age group, gender, and geographical region in the world. Methods Annual case data and age‐standardized rates (ASRs) of epidemiological indicators of EC were collected from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study from 1990 to 2019 in 204 countries and territories based on the sociodemographic index (SDI). Relative difference (%), average annual percentage change (AAPC), and the male/female ratio were calculated. Data are reported in values and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results EC age‐standardized incidence rates (ASIR) decreased by 19%, age‐standardized death rates (ASDR) decreased by 25%, and disability‐adjusted life‐years ASR (DALYs ASR) decreased by 30% from 1990 to 2019. The higher number of EC cases was in men aged 50 to 69 years and in women aged over 70. From 1990 to 2019, Middle SDI countries experienced a decline in the ASIR and ASDR of EC. The High SDI countries had an increasing ASDR trend. In World Bank High‐Income countries, the ASIR of EC has remained unchanged and decreased in other regions. The Asia continent has the highest rate of incidence, mortality, and burden of EC and the highest rate of reduction. East Asia, Southern Sub‐Saharan Africa, and Eastern Sub‐Saharan Africa respectively have the highest ASIR of EC. Central Asia has experienced the greatest decrease in the ASIR and ASDR of EC, the countries of Central Europe had a steady ASIR and High‐Income North America had an increasing trend in ASIR and ASDR. The burden of EC shows a decreasing trend worldwide. Central and East Asia regions have the highest rate and the highest increase in the burden of EC. Conclusion Based on great variation in the geographical distribution of epidemiological indicators of EC, investigating the reasons for this diversity requires more studies to be conducted in the field of prevention, distribution of risk factors, and implementation of screening methods with high cost‐effectiveness, and access to treatment methods. The provision of regional solutions may be more effective than global strategies.
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spelling doaj.art-d5312a08d6e74681a02d8e9303b923cb2023-08-23T23:56:30ZengWileyThoracic Cancer1759-77061759-77142023-08-0114242408245810.1111/1759-7714.15028Current status and temporal trend in incidence, death, and burden of esophageal cancer from 1990−2019Afrooz Mazidimoradi0Niloofar Banakar1Yousef Khani2Leila Allahqoli3Hamid Salehiniya4Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Shiraz IranStudent Research Committee Shiraz University of medical sciences Shiraz IranClinical Research Development Unit, Shahid Madani Hospital Alborz University of Medical Sciences Karaj IranMidwifery Department, Ministry of Health and Medical Education Tehran IranDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Health, Social Determinants of Health Research Center Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand IranAbstract Background Esophageal cancer (EC) is one of the world's most unknown and deadly cancers. This study aimed to provide updated epidemiological indicators and the recent trend of EC by age group, gender, and geographical region in the world. Methods Annual case data and age‐standardized rates (ASRs) of epidemiological indicators of EC were collected from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study from 1990 to 2019 in 204 countries and territories based on the sociodemographic index (SDI). Relative difference (%), average annual percentage change (AAPC), and the male/female ratio were calculated. Data are reported in values and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results EC age‐standardized incidence rates (ASIR) decreased by 19%, age‐standardized death rates (ASDR) decreased by 25%, and disability‐adjusted life‐years ASR (DALYs ASR) decreased by 30% from 1990 to 2019. The higher number of EC cases was in men aged 50 to 69 years and in women aged over 70. From 1990 to 2019, Middle SDI countries experienced a decline in the ASIR and ASDR of EC. The High SDI countries had an increasing ASDR trend. In World Bank High‐Income countries, the ASIR of EC has remained unchanged and decreased in other regions. The Asia continent has the highest rate of incidence, mortality, and burden of EC and the highest rate of reduction. East Asia, Southern Sub‐Saharan Africa, and Eastern Sub‐Saharan Africa respectively have the highest ASIR of EC. Central Asia has experienced the greatest decrease in the ASIR and ASDR of EC, the countries of Central Europe had a steady ASIR and High‐Income North America had an increasing trend in ASIR and ASDR. The burden of EC shows a decreasing trend worldwide. Central and East Asia regions have the highest rate and the highest increase in the burden of EC. Conclusion Based on great variation in the geographical distribution of epidemiological indicators of EC, investigating the reasons for this diversity requires more studies to be conducted in the field of prevention, distribution of risk factors, and implementation of screening methods with high cost‐effectiveness, and access to treatment methods. The provision of regional solutions may be more effective than global strategies.https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.15028burdendeathesophageal cancerincidencetemporal trend
spellingShingle Afrooz Mazidimoradi
Niloofar Banakar
Yousef Khani
Leila Allahqoli
Hamid Salehiniya
Current status and temporal trend in incidence, death, and burden of esophageal cancer from 1990−2019
Thoracic Cancer
burden
death
esophageal cancer
incidence
temporal trend
title Current status and temporal trend in incidence, death, and burden of esophageal cancer from 1990−2019
title_full Current status and temporal trend in incidence, death, and burden of esophageal cancer from 1990−2019
title_fullStr Current status and temporal trend in incidence, death, and burden of esophageal cancer from 1990−2019
title_full_unstemmed Current status and temporal trend in incidence, death, and burden of esophageal cancer from 1990−2019
title_short Current status and temporal trend in incidence, death, and burden of esophageal cancer from 1990−2019
title_sort current status and temporal trend in incidence death and burden of esophageal cancer from 1990 2019
topic burden
death
esophageal cancer
incidence
temporal trend
url https://doi.org/10.1111/1759-7714.15028
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