2-Hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole, one siderophore inhibitor, occludes quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Siderophore is necessary for the survival of microorganisms and is interregulated with quorum sensing (QS) systems. It is related to growth, proliferation, virulence, and other bacterial social activities as a virulence factor. Thus, we speculated that the QS system could be occluded by inhibiting s...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-09-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.955952/full |
| _version_ | 1811275099716714496 |
|---|---|
| author | Lujun Yin Wang Shen Jun-Sheng Liu Ai-Qun Jia Ai-Qun Jia |
| author_facet | Lujun Yin Wang Shen Jun-Sheng Liu Ai-Qun Jia Ai-Qun Jia |
| author_sort | Lujun Yin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Siderophore is necessary for the survival of microorganisms and is interregulated with quorum sensing (QS) systems. It is related to growth, proliferation, virulence, and other bacterial social activities as a virulence factor. Thus, we speculated that the QS system could be occluded by inhibiting siderophore production. 2-Hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole (HMMN), one siderophore inhibitor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 (P. aeruginosa PAO1), was obtained by using the Chromeazurol S (CAS) method. We found that HMMN inhibited siderophore production and influenced the biological effects of QS regulation, including biofilm formation and pyocyanin production. HMMN (150 μg/ml) inhibited the siderophore production of P. aeruginosa PAO1 by 69.37%. In addition, HMMN could inhibit pyocyanin production and biofilm formation and erase the formed biofilm of P. aeruginosa PAO1. HMMN (150 μg/ml) inhibited the biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa PAO1 by 28.24%. The erasure rate of the formed biofilm reached 17.03%. Furthermore, HMMN (150 μg/ml) inhibited P. aeruginosa PAO1 pyocyanin production by 36.06%. Meanwhile, positive-control hordenine (500.0 μg/ml) reduced the biofilm formation and pyocyanin production of P. aeruginosa PAO1 by 14.42% and 34.35%, respectively. The erasure rate of hordenine to the formed biofilm is 11.05% at 500 μg/ml. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) showed that HMMN downregulates not only siderophore-related genes but also QS-related genes, as well as hordenine. These results suggest that a siderophore inhibitor could be used as a QS inhibitor to occlude the QS system and reduce virulence. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T23:32:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d53d75f7796d4c57aa02213d445b14ca |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2235-2988 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T23:32:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-d53d75f7796d4c57aa02213d445b14ca2022-12-22T03:12:16ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882022-09-011210.3389/fcimb.2022.9559529559522-Hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole, one siderophore inhibitor, occludes quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosaLujun Yin0Wang Shen1Jun-Sheng Liu2Ai-Qun Jia3Ai-Qun Jia4School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaSchool of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaOne Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, ChinaSiderophore is necessary for the survival of microorganisms and is interregulated with quorum sensing (QS) systems. It is related to growth, proliferation, virulence, and other bacterial social activities as a virulence factor. Thus, we speculated that the QS system could be occluded by inhibiting siderophore production. 2-Hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole (HMMN), one siderophore inhibitor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 (P. aeruginosa PAO1), was obtained by using the Chromeazurol S (CAS) method. We found that HMMN inhibited siderophore production and influenced the biological effects of QS regulation, including biofilm formation and pyocyanin production. HMMN (150 μg/ml) inhibited the siderophore production of P. aeruginosa PAO1 by 69.37%. In addition, HMMN could inhibit pyocyanin production and biofilm formation and erase the formed biofilm of P. aeruginosa PAO1. HMMN (150 μg/ml) inhibited the biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa PAO1 by 28.24%. The erasure rate of the formed biofilm reached 17.03%. Furthermore, HMMN (150 μg/ml) inhibited P. aeruginosa PAO1 pyocyanin production by 36.06%. Meanwhile, positive-control hordenine (500.0 μg/ml) reduced the biofilm formation and pyocyanin production of P. aeruginosa PAO1 by 14.42% and 34.35%, respectively. The erasure rate of hordenine to the formed biofilm is 11.05% at 500 μg/ml. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) showed that HMMN downregulates not only siderophore-related genes but also QS-related genes, as well as hordenine. These results suggest that a siderophore inhibitor could be used as a QS inhibitor to occlude the QS system and reduce virulence.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.955952/full2-hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazolesiderophore inhibitorquorum sensingvirulence factorbiofilmPseudomonas aeruginosa |
| spellingShingle | Lujun Yin Wang Shen Jun-Sheng Liu Ai-Qun Jia Ai-Qun Jia 2-Hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole, one siderophore inhibitor, occludes quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 2-hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole siderophore inhibitor quorum sensing virulence factor biofilm Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| title | 2-Hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole, one siderophore inhibitor, occludes quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| title_full | 2-Hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole, one siderophore inhibitor, occludes quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| title_fullStr | 2-Hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole, one siderophore inhibitor, occludes quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| title_full_unstemmed | 2-Hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole, one siderophore inhibitor, occludes quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| title_short | 2-Hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole, one siderophore inhibitor, occludes quorum sensing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| title_sort | 2 hydroxymethyl 1 methyl 5 nitroimidazole one siderophore inhibitor occludes quorum sensing in pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| topic | 2-hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole siderophore inhibitor quorum sensing virulence factor biofilm Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.955952/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lujunyin 2hydroxymethyl1methyl5nitroimidazoleonesiderophoreinhibitoroccludesquorumsensinginpseudomonasaeruginosa AT wangshen 2hydroxymethyl1methyl5nitroimidazoleonesiderophoreinhibitoroccludesquorumsensinginpseudomonasaeruginosa AT junshengliu 2hydroxymethyl1methyl5nitroimidazoleonesiderophoreinhibitoroccludesquorumsensinginpseudomonasaeruginosa AT aiqunjia 2hydroxymethyl1methyl5nitroimidazoleonesiderophoreinhibitoroccludesquorumsensinginpseudomonasaeruginosa AT aiqunjia 2hydroxymethyl1methyl5nitroimidazoleonesiderophoreinhibitoroccludesquorumsensinginpseudomonasaeruginosa |