Non-Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children—Postacute Sequelae of Paediatric COVID-19: Autoimmune or Autoinflammatory? A Systematic Review of the Reported Cases
Three years after its emergence, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to be a leading cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality. This systematic review comprises relevant case reports that discuss non-multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (non-MIS-C) and postacute sequalae of COVID...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Rheumato |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2674-0621/3/2/11 |
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| author | Antoine Fakhry AbdelMassih Maram Hamed Hanafy Maryam ElAhmady Sylvia Kozman Nourine Diab Reem Husseiny Ashrakat Deyab Aalaa Mady Alia Yasser Amira R. AbdelHalim Aya Mohyeldin Aya Sayed Serour Ayat AbdelGadir Eslam Abdelaziz Farida ElGhamry Hana Amr Karim Milad Lamya Fouda Mawada Hesham Mina Adly Riad Mohamed Aoun Rana AbdelTawab Rana Sayed Salma ElSenbawy Sara ElAhmady Abdelkhalek Nada Gamal Yasmin Omar |
| author_facet | Antoine Fakhry AbdelMassih Maram Hamed Hanafy Maryam ElAhmady Sylvia Kozman Nourine Diab Reem Husseiny Ashrakat Deyab Aalaa Mady Alia Yasser Amira R. AbdelHalim Aya Mohyeldin Aya Sayed Serour Ayat AbdelGadir Eslam Abdelaziz Farida ElGhamry Hana Amr Karim Milad Lamya Fouda Mawada Hesham Mina Adly Riad Mohamed Aoun Rana AbdelTawab Rana Sayed Salma ElSenbawy Sara ElAhmady Abdelkhalek Nada Gamal Yasmin Omar |
| author_sort | Antoine Fakhry AbdelMassih |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Three years after its emergence, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to be a leading cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality. This systematic review comprises relevant case reports that discuss non-multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (non-MIS-C) and postacute sequalae of COVID-19 (PASC) in the paediatric population, also known as long COVID syndrome. The study aims to highlight the prevalent time interval between COVID-19 and the development of non-MIS-C post-infectious sequalae (PIS). Databases were searched for studies that met our inclusion and exclusion criteria. The final screening revealed an equal sex distribution where the commonest age intervals were school-age and adolescence, with 38% of the patients being older than six years. Interestingly, hospital admission during the course of COVID-19 was not a predictor of the subsequent PASC; forty-nine patients (44.9%) were hospitalized while sixty patients (55.1%) were not hospitalized. Moreover, the most predominant time interval between COVID-19 and the developing PASC was within 14 days from the start of COVID-19 infection (61%). These findings suggest a crucial link between COVID-19 and immune PIS in the paediatric population, especially those older than six years. Accordingly, follow-up and management are encouraged in case of unusual symptoms and signs following COVID-19 infection, regardless of the COVID-19 infection severity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:58:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d53f3180e99e404db531af5356d7d1dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2674-0621 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:58:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Rheumato |
| spelling | doaj.art-d53f3180e99e404db531af5356d7d1dd2023-11-18T12:28:26ZengMDPI AGRheumato2674-06212023-05-013213216810.3390/rheumato3020011Non-Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children—Postacute Sequelae of Paediatric COVID-19: Autoimmune or Autoinflammatory? A Systematic Review of the Reported CasesAntoine Fakhry AbdelMassih0Maram Hamed Hanafy1Maryam ElAhmady2Sylvia Kozman3Nourine Diab4Reem Husseiny5Ashrakat Deyab6Aalaa Mady7Alia Yasser8Amira R. AbdelHalim9Aya Mohyeldin10Aya Sayed Serour11Ayat AbdelGadir12Eslam Abdelaziz13Farida ElGhamry14Hana Amr15Karim Milad16Lamya Fouda17Mawada Hesham18Mina Adly Riad19Mohamed Aoun20Rana AbdelTawab21Rana Sayed22Salma ElSenbawy23Sara ElAhmady Abdelkhalek24Nada Gamal25Yasmin Omar26Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptStudents, Interns and Residents’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptDepartment of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Galala University, Suez 43511, EgyptStudent and Interns’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11517, EgyptStudent and Interns’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, New Giza University, New Giza 12256, EgyptStudents, Interns and Residents’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptStudents, Interns and Residents’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptStudents, Interns and Residents’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptStudents, Interns and Residents’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptStudents, Interns and Residents’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptStudents, Interns and Residents’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptStudents, Interns and Residents’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptStudents, Interns and Residents’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptHull University Teaching Hospital, Hull HU3 2JZ, UKStudents, Interns and Residents’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptStudents, Interns and Residents’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptStudents, Interns and Residents’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptStudents, Interns and Residents’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptStudent and Interns’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, New Giza University, New Giza 12256, EgyptStudents, Interns and Residents’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptStudents, Interns and Residents’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptStudents, Interns and Residents’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptStudents, Interns and Residents’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptStudent and Interns’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, New Giza University, New Giza 12256, EgyptResidents’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, EgyptStudents, Interns and Residents’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptStudents, Interns and Residents’ Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 12613, EgyptThree years after its emergence, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to be a leading cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality. This systematic review comprises relevant case reports that discuss non-multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (non-MIS-C) and postacute sequalae of COVID-19 (PASC) in the paediatric population, also known as long COVID syndrome. The study aims to highlight the prevalent time interval between COVID-19 and the development of non-MIS-C post-infectious sequalae (PIS). Databases were searched for studies that met our inclusion and exclusion criteria. The final screening revealed an equal sex distribution where the commonest age intervals were school-age and adolescence, with 38% of the patients being older than six years. Interestingly, hospital admission during the course of COVID-19 was not a predictor of the subsequent PASC; forty-nine patients (44.9%) were hospitalized while sixty patients (55.1%) were not hospitalized. Moreover, the most predominant time interval between COVID-19 and the developing PASC was within 14 days from the start of COVID-19 infection (61%). These findings suggest a crucial link between COVID-19 and immune PIS in the paediatric population, especially those older than six years. Accordingly, follow-up and management are encouraged in case of unusual symptoms and signs following COVID-19 infection, regardless of the COVID-19 infection severity.https://www.mdpi.com/2674-0621/3/2/11COVID-19postacute sequelaeautoinflammatoryautoimmune |
| spellingShingle | Antoine Fakhry AbdelMassih Maram Hamed Hanafy Maryam ElAhmady Sylvia Kozman Nourine Diab Reem Husseiny Ashrakat Deyab Aalaa Mady Alia Yasser Amira R. AbdelHalim Aya Mohyeldin Aya Sayed Serour Ayat AbdelGadir Eslam Abdelaziz Farida ElGhamry Hana Amr Karim Milad Lamya Fouda Mawada Hesham Mina Adly Riad Mohamed Aoun Rana AbdelTawab Rana Sayed Salma ElSenbawy Sara ElAhmady Abdelkhalek Nada Gamal Yasmin Omar Non-Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children—Postacute Sequelae of Paediatric COVID-19: Autoimmune or Autoinflammatory? A Systematic Review of the Reported Cases Rheumato COVID-19 postacute sequelae autoinflammatory autoimmune |
| title | Non-Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children—Postacute Sequelae of Paediatric COVID-19: Autoimmune or Autoinflammatory? A Systematic Review of the Reported Cases |
| title_full | Non-Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children—Postacute Sequelae of Paediatric COVID-19: Autoimmune or Autoinflammatory? A Systematic Review of the Reported Cases |
| title_fullStr | Non-Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children—Postacute Sequelae of Paediatric COVID-19: Autoimmune or Autoinflammatory? A Systematic Review of the Reported Cases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non-Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children—Postacute Sequelae of Paediatric COVID-19: Autoimmune or Autoinflammatory? A Systematic Review of the Reported Cases |
| title_short | Non-Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children—Postacute Sequelae of Paediatric COVID-19: Autoimmune or Autoinflammatory? A Systematic Review of the Reported Cases |
| title_sort | non multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children postacute sequelae of paediatric covid 19 autoimmune or autoinflammatory a systematic review of the reported cases |
| topic | COVID-19 postacute sequelae autoinflammatory autoimmune |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2674-0621/3/2/11 |
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