COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) lymphocyte responses are associated with inflammatory biomarkers in total joint replacement surgery candidates pre-operatively
Abstract Background Recent studies indicate that, in addition to antibody production, lymphocyte responses to SARS-CoV-2 may play an important role in protective immunity to COVID-19 and a percentage of the general population may exhibit lymphocyte memory due to unknown/asymptomatic exposure to SARS...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-021-02563-7 |
| _version_ | 1797999774161436672 |
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| author | Marco S. Caicedo Vianey Flores Alicia Padilla Samelko Lauryn Joshua J. Jacobs Nadim J. Hallab |
| author_facet | Marco S. Caicedo Vianey Flores Alicia Padilla Samelko Lauryn Joshua J. Jacobs Nadim J. Hallab |
| author_sort | Marco S. Caicedo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Recent studies indicate that, in addition to antibody production, lymphocyte responses to SARS-CoV-2 may play an important role in protective immunity to COVID-19 and a percentage of the general population may exhibit lymphocyte memory due to unknown/asymptomatic exposure to SARS-CoV-2 or cross-reactivity to other more common coronaviruses pre-vaccination. Total joint replacement (TJR) candidates returning to elective surgeries (median age 68 years) may exhibit similar lymphocyte and/or antibody protection to COVID-19 prior to vaccination Methods In this retrospective study, we analyzed antibody titters, lymphocyte memory, and inflammatory biomarkers specific for the Spike and Nucleocapsid proteins of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in a cohort of n=73 returning TJR candidates (knees and/or hips) pre-operatively. Results Peripheral blood serum of TJR candidate patients exhibited a positivity rate of 18.4% and 4% for IgG antibodies specific for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and spike proteins, respectively. 13.5% of TJR candidates exhibited positive lymphocyte reactivity (SI > 2) to the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein and 38% to the spike protein. SARS-CoV-2 reactive lymphocytes exhibited a higher production of inflammatory biomarkers (i.e., IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, and IL-1RA) compared to non-reactive lymphocytes. Conclusions A percentage of TJR candidates returning for elective surgeries exhibit pre-vaccination positive SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and T cell memory responses with associated pro-inflammatory biomarkers. This is an important parameter for understanding immunity, risk profiles, and may aid pre-operative planning. Trial registration Retrospectively registered. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T11:10:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d568318638cf43b093c53fa264a8cfe7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1749-799X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T11:10:05Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-d568318638cf43b093c53fa264a8cfe72022-12-22T04:27:47ZengBMCJournal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research1749-799X2021-06-011611710.1186/s13018-021-02563-7COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) lymphocyte responses are associated with inflammatory biomarkers in total joint replacement surgery candidates pre-operativelyMarco S. Caicedo0Vianey Flores1Alicia Padilla2Samelko Lauryn3Joshua J. Jacobs4Nadim J. Hallab5Orthopedic Analysis, LLCOrthopedic Analysis, LLCOrthopedic Analysis, LLCDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical CenterDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Rush University Medical CenterOrthopedic Analysis, LLCAbstract Background Recent studies indicate that, in addition to antibody production, lymphocyte responses to SARS-CoV-2 may play an important role in protective immunity to COVID-19 and a percentage of the general population may exhibit lymphocyte memory due to unknown/asymptomatic exposure to SARS-CoV-2 or cross-reactivity to other more common coronaviruses pre-vaccination. Total joint replacement (TJR) candidates returning to elective surgeries (median age 68 years) may exhibit similar lymphocyte and/or antibody protection to COVID-19 prior to vaccination Methods In this retrospective study, we analyzed antibody titters, lymphocyte memory, and inflammatory biomarkers specific for the Spike and Nucleocapsid proteins of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in a cohort of n=73 returning TJR candidates (knees and/or hips) pre-operatively. Results Peripheral blood serum of TJR candidate patients exhibited a positivity rate of 18.4% and 4% for IgG antibodies specific for SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid and spike proteins, respectively. 13.5% of TJR candidates exhibited positive lymphocyte reactivity (SI > 2) to the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein and 38% to the spike protein. SARS-CoV-2 reactive lymphocytes exhibited a higher production of inflammatory biomarkers (i.e., IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, and IL-1RA) compared to non-reactive lymphocytes. Conclusions A percentage of TJR candidates returning for elective surgeries exhibit pre-vaccination positive SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and T cell memory responses with associated pro-inflammatory biomarkers. This is an important parameter for understanding immunity, risk profiles, and may aid pre-operative planning. Trial registration Retrospectively registered.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-021-02563-7Total joint arthroplastyCOVID-19AntibodiesLymphocytesLTT |
| spellingShingle | Marco S. Caicedo Vianey Flores Alicia Padilla Samelko Lauryn Joshua J. Jacobs Nadim J. Hallab COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) lymphocyte responses are associated with inflammatory biomarkers in total joint replacement surgery candidates pre-operatively Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research Total joint arthroplasty COVID-19 Antibodies Lymphocytes LTT |
| title | COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) lymphocyte responses are associated with inflammatory biomarkers in total joint replacement surgery candidates pre-operatively |
| title_full | COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) lymphocyte responses are associated with inflammatory biomarkers in total joint replacement surgery candidates pre-operatively |
| title_fullStr | COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) lymphocyte responses are associated with inflammatory biomarkers in total joint replacement surgery candidates pre-operatively |
| title_full_unstemmed | COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) lymphocyte responses are associated with inflammatory biomarkers in total joint replacement surgery candidates pre-operatively |
| title_short | COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) lymphocyte responses are associated with inflammatory biomarkers in total joint replacement surgery candidates pre-operatively |
| title_sort | covid 19 sars cov 2 lymphocyte responses are associated with inflammatory biomarkers in total joint replacement surgery candidates pre operatively |
| topic | Total joint arthroplasty COVID-19 Antibodies Lymphocytes LTT |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13018-021-02563-7 |
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