Protein kinase 2 (CK2): a potential regulator of immune cell development and function in cancer
Protein kinase CK2, formally known as casein kinase II, is ubiquitously expressed and highly conserved serine/threonine or tyrosine kinase enzyme that regulates diverse signaling pathways responsible for cellular processes (i.e., cell proliferation and apoptosis) via interactions with over 500 known...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Taylor & Francis Group
2021-07-01
|
| Series: | Immunological Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/25785826.2020.1843267 |
| _version_ | 1818407310637137920 |
|---|---|
| author | Kazim Husain Tanika T. Williamson Nadine Nelson Tomar Ghansah |
| author_facet | Kazim Husain Tanika T. Williamson Nadine Nelson Tomar Ghansah |
| author_sort | Kazim Husain |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Protein kinase CK2, formally known as casein kinase II, is ubiquitously expressed and highly conserved serine/threonine or tyrosine kinase enzyme that regulates diverse signaling pathways responsible for cellular processes (i.e., cell proliferation and apoptosis) via interactions with over 500 known substrates. The enzyme’s physiological interactions and cellular functions have been widely studied, most notably in the blood and solid malignancies. CK2 has intrinsic role in carcinogenesis as overexpression of CK2 subunits (α, α`, and β) and deregulation of its activity have been linked to various forms of cancers. CK2 also has extrinsic role in cancer stroma or in the tumor microenvironment (TME) including the immune cells. However, very few research studies have focused on extrinsic role of CK2 in regulating immune responses as a therapeutic alternative for cancer. The following review discusses CK2’s regulation of key signaling events [Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), Janus kinase/signal transducer and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT), Hypoxia inducible factor–1alpha (HIF-1α), Cyclooygenase-2 (COX-2), Extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK/MAPK), Notch, Protein kinase B/AKT, Ikaros and Wnt] that can influence the development and function of immune cells in cancer. Potential clinical trials using potent CK2 inhibitors will facilitate and improve the treatment of human malignancies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T09:25:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d56efb2c111040db87257138964c3062 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2578-5826 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T09:25:48Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Immunological Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-d56efb2c111040db87257138964c30622022-12-21T23:08:11ZengTaylor & Francis GroupImmunological Medicine2578-58262021-07-0144315917410.1080/25785826.2020.18432671843267Protein kinase 2 (CK2): a potential regulator of immune cell development and function in cancerKazim Husain0Tanika T. Williamson1Nadine Nelson2Tomar Ghansah3Department of Molecular Medicine, University of South FloridaDepartment of Molecular Medicine, University of South FloridaDepartment of Molecular Medicine, University of South FloridaDepartment of Molecular Medicine, University of South FloridaProtein kinase CK2, formally known as casein kinase II, is ubiquitously expressed and highly conserved serine/threonine or tyrosine kinase enzyme that regulates diverse signaling pathways responsible for cellular processes (i.e., cell proliferation and apoptosis) via interactions with over 500 known substrates. The enzyme’s physiological interactions and cellular functions have been widely studied, most notably in the blood and solid malignancies. CK2 has intrinsic role in carcinogenesis as overexpression of CK2 subunits (α, α`, and β) and deregulation of its activity have been linked to various forms of cancers. CK2 also has extrinsic role in cancer stroma or in the tumor microenvironment (TME) including the immune cells. However, very few research studies have focused on extrinsic role of CK2 in regulating immune responses as a therapeutic alternative for cancer. The following review discusses CK2’s regulation of key signaling events [Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), Janus kinase/signal transducer and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT), Hypoxia inducible factor–1alpha (HIF-1α), Cyclooygenase-2 (COX-2), Extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (ERK/MAPK), Notch, Protein kinase B/AKT, Ikaros and Wnt] that can influence the development and function of immune cells in cancer. Potential clinical trials using potent CK2 inhibitors will facilitate and improve the treatment of human malignancies.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/25785826.2020.1843267protein kinase ck2immune cellscancer chemotherapyck2 inhibitors and immunotherapy |
| spellingShingle | Kazim Husain Tanika T. Williamson Nadine Nelson Tomar Ghansah Protein kinase 2 (CK2): a potential regulator of immune cell development and function in cancer Immunological Medicine protein kinase ck2 immune cells cancer chemotherapy ck2 inhibitors and immunotherapy |
| title | Protein kinase 2 (CK2): a potential regulator of immune cell development and function in cancer |
| title_full | Protein kinase 2 (CK2): a potential regulator of immune cell development and function in cancer |
| title_fullStr | Protein kinase 2 (CK2): a potential regulator of immune cell development and function in cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Protein kinase 2 (CK2): a potential regulator of immune cell development and function in cancer |
| title_short | Protein kinase 2 (CK2): a potential regulator of immune cell development and function in cancer |
| title_sort | protein kinase 2 ck2 a potential regulator of immune cell development and function in cancer |
| topic | protein kinase ck2 immune cells cancer chemotherapy ck2 inhibitors and immunotherapy |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/25785826.2020.1843267 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kazimhusain proteinkinase2ck2apotentialregulatorofimmunecelldevelopmentandfunctionincancer AT tanikatwilliamson proteinkinase2ck2apotentialregulatorofimmunecelldevelopmentandfunctionincancer AT nadinenelson proteinkinase2ck2apotentialregulatorofimmunecelldevelopmentandfunctionincancer AT tomarghansah proteinkinase2ck2apotentialregulatorofimmunecelldevelopmentandfunctionincancer |