A Rare Case of Hairy Cell Leukemia with Unusual Loss of CD123 Associated with COVID-19 at the Time of Presentation
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been a serious threat and has been reported with different presentations and complications. Older age, along with comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, or cardiac disease, increases the risk factors for COVID-19 severity and death [N Engl J Me...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Karger Publishers
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Case Reports in Oncology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/512830 |
| _version_ | 1818664444800008192 |
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| author | Samah Kohla Feryal A. Ibrahim Mahmood B. Aldapt Hesham ELSabah Shehab Mohamed Reda Youssef |
| author_facet | Samah Kohla Feryal A. Ibrahim Mahmood B. Aldapt Hesham ELSabah Shehab Mohamed Reda Youssef |
| author_sort | Samah Kohla |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been a serious threat and has been reported with different presentations and complications. Older age, along with comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, or cardiac disease, increases the risk factors for COVID-19 severity and death [N Engl J Med. 2020;382(18):1708–20 and Lancet Respir Med. 2020 05;8(5):475–81]. It is proposed that cancer patients have a significantly higher incidence of severe incidents including admission to the intensive care unit, the necessity for assisted ventilation, and even death after catching the virus compared with non-cancer patients [Lancet Oncol. 2020;21(3):335–7]. It is also described that cancer patients appear to be twice as likely to contract infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) [JAMA Oncol. 2020;6(7):1108–10]. Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder, with patients typically presenting with cytopenias, marked splenomegaly in 80–90% of patients, circulating leukemia cells, bone marrow infiltration and the presence of BRAF V600E somatic mutation [Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus. 2014;30(Suppl 1):413–7]. Leukemic cells classically have central nuclei and abundant cytoplasm with hairy-like projections and express CD11c, CD25, CD103, and CD123 [Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus. 2014;30(Suppl 1):413–7]. Loss of CD123 in HCL has been rarely reported in the literature [Am J Hematol. 2019;94(12):1413–22]. We describe a unique case of a COVID-19-positive male who presented with severe respiratory symptoms, deteriorated quickly, and was intubated. Workup of severe progressive pancytopenia and bone marrow examination revealed HCL without splenomegaly and with atypical unusual loss of CD123. To our knowledge, this is the first case of CD123-negative HCL without splenomegaly associated with COVID-19 infection as the initial presentation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T05:32:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d57963baa8db4077b7f96d3710319b65 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-6575 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T05:32:51Z |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | Karger Publishers |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Case Reports in Oncology |
| spelling | doaj.art-d57963baa8db4077b7f96d3710319b652022-12-21T22:01:41ZengKarger PublishersCase Reports in Oncology1662-65752020-12-011331430144010.1159/000512830512830A Rare Case of Hairy Cell Leukemia with Unusual Loss of CD123 Associated with COVID-19 at the Time of PresentationSamah KohlaFeryal A. IbrahimMahmood B. AldaptHesham ELSabahShehab MohamedReda YoussefCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been a serious threat and has been reported with different presentations and complications. Older age, along with comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension, or cardiac disease, increases the risk factors for COVID-19 severity and death [N Engl J Med. 2020;382(18):1708–20 and Lancet Respir Med. 2020 05;8(5):475–81]. It is proposed that cancer patients have a significantly higher incidence of severe incidents including admission to the intensive care unit, the necessity for assisted ventilation, and even death after catching the virus compared with non-cancer patients [Lancet Oncol. 2020;21(3):335–7]. It is also described that cancer patients appear to be twice as likely to contract infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) [JAMA Oncol. 2020;6(7):1108–10]. Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is a rare B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder, with patients typically presenting with cytopenias, marked splenomegaly in 80–90% of patients, circulating leukemia cells, bone marrow infiltration and the presence of BRAF V600E somatic mutation [Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus. 2014;30(Suppl 1):413–7]. Leukemic cells classically have central nuclei and abundant cytoplasm with hairy-like projections and express CD11c, CD25, CD103, and CD123 [Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus. 2014;30(Suppl 1):413–7]. Loss of CD123 in HCL has been rarely reported in the literature [Am J Hematol. 2019;94(12):1413–22]. We describe a unique case of a COVID-19-positive male who presented with severe respiratory symptoms, deteriorated quickly, and was intubated. Workup of severe progressive pancytopenia and bone marrow examination revealed HCL without splenomegaly and with atypical unusual loss of CD123. To our knowledge, this is the first case of CD123-negative HCL without splenomegaly associated with COVID-19 infection as the initial presentation.https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/512830covid-19sars-cov-2hairy cell leukemiacd123-negative hairy cell leukemiahairy cell leukemia variantbraf mutation |
| spellingShingle | Samah Kohla Feryal A. Ibrahim Mahmood B. Aldapt Hesham ELSabah Shehab Mohamed Reda Youssef A Rare Case of Hairy Cell Leukemia with Unusual Loss of CD123 Associated with COVID-19 at the Time of Presentation Case Reports in Oncology covid-19 sars-cov-2 hairy cell leukemia cd123-negative hairy cell leukemia hairy cell leukemia variant braf mutation |
| title | A Rare Case of Hairy Cell Leukemia with Unusual Loss of CD123 Associated with COVID-19 at the Time of Presentation |
| title_full | A Rare Case of Hairy Cell Leukemia with Unusual Loss of CD123 Associated with COVID-19 at the Time of Presentation |
| title_fullStr | A Rare Case of Hairy Cell Leukemia with Unusual Loss of CD123 Associated with COVID-19 at the Time of Presentation |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Rare Case of Hairy Cell Leukemia with Unusual Loss of CD123 Associated with COVID-19 at the Time of Presentation |
| title_short | A Rare Case of Hairy Cell Leukemia with Unusual Loss of CD123 Associated with COVID-19 at the Time of Presentation |
| title_sort | rare case of hairy cell leukemia with unusual loss of cd123 associated with covid 19 at the time of presentation |
| topic | covid-19 sars-cov-2 hairy cell leukemia cd123-negative hairy cell leukemia hairy cell leukemia variant braf mutation |
| url | https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/512830 |
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