Rumen Fermentation of Feed Mixtures Supplemented with Clay Minerals in a Semicontinuous In Vitro System
Interest in using clays in the diets of ruminants to improve health and performance is increasing. The microbial fermentation of 65:35 (HC) or 35:65 (HF) concentrate:forage feeds, alone or with zeolite (Z), bentonite (B), or sepiolite (S), was studied in an in vitro semicontinuous culture system. Th...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/3/345 |
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| author | Zahia Amanzougarene Manuel Fondevila |
| author_facet | Zahia Amanzougarene Manuel Fondevila |
| author_sort | Zahia Amanzougarene |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Interest in using clays in the diets of ruminants to improve health and performance is increasing. The microbial fermentation of 65:35 (HC) or 35:65 (HF) concentrate:forage feeds, alone or with zeolite (Z), bentonite (B), or sepiolite (S), was studied in an in vitro semicontinuous culture system. The medium pH was allowed to drop for the first 6 h and was gradually buffered thereafter. For the HC diet, the medium pH was higher with Z throughout incubation (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Similar results were observed for the HF diet, but with lower differences between the additives. Throughout incubation, the volume of gas produced was higher with HC than HF (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The gas volume with S was the lowest (<i>p</i> < 0.05) for HC, whereas for HF it was lowest with B from 8 h onwards (<i>p</i> < 0.05). No treatment differences (<i>p</i> > 0.05) were observed in dry matter disappearance, microbial mass, or volatile fatty acids. However, the inclusion of B in HC reduced the ammonia concentration at 6 and 12 h with respect to C (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The inclusion of zeolite as an additive in the diets of ruminants stabilizes the rumen environment during the first stages of fermentation in terms of pH and ammonia concentration, especially in high-concentrate diets. The buffering effect of bentonite and sepiolite was lower, and both might reduce ruminal microbial fermentation, depending on the concentrate proportion. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:18:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d59698d815f54c2bafa5edf9d4ba0198 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:18:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-d59698d815f54c2bafa5edf9d4ba01982023-11-23T15:48:17ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-01-0112334510.3390/ani12030345Rumen Fermentation of Feed Mixtures Supplemented with Clay Minerals in a Semicontinuous In Vitro SystemZahia Amanzougarene0Manuel Fondevila1Departamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, SpainDepartamento de Producción Animal y Ciencia de los Alimentos, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA, Miguel Servet 177, 50013 Zaragoza, SpainInterest in using clays in the diets of ruminants to improve health and performance is increasing. The microbial fermentation of 65:35 (HC) or 35:65 (HF) concentrate:forage feeds, alone or with zeolite (Z), bentonite (B), or sepiolite (S), was studied in an in vitro semicontinuous culture system. The medium pH was allowed to drop for the first 6 h and was gradually buffered thereafter. For the HC diet, the medium pH was higher with Z throughout incubation (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Similar results were observed for the HF diet, but with lower differences between the additives. Throughout incubation, the volume of gas produced was higher with HC than HF (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The gas volume with S was the lowest (<i>p</i> < 0.05) for HC, whereas for HF it was lowest with B from 8 h onwards (<i>p</i> < 0.05). No treatment differences (<i>p</i> > 0.05) were observed in dry matter disappearance, microbial mass, or volatile fatty acids. However, the inclusion of B in HC reduced the ammonia concentration at 6 and 12 h with respect to C (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The inclusion of zeolite as an additive in the diets of ruminants stabilizes the rumen environment during the first stages of fermentation in terms of pH and ammonia concentration, especially in high-concentrate diets. The buffering effect of bentonite and sepiolite was lower, and both might reduce ruminal microbial fermentation, depending on the concentrate proportion.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/3/345zeolitebentonitesepiolitemicrobial fermentationin vitro semicontinuous culture systemmedium pH |
| spellingShingle | Zahia Amanzougarene Manuel Fondevila Rumen Fermentation of Feed Mixtures Supplemented with Clay Minerals in a Semicontinuous In Vitro System Animals zeolite bentonite sepiolite microbial fermentation in vitro semicontinuous culture system medium pH |
| title | Rumen Fermentation of Feed Mixtures Supplemented with Clay Minerals in a Semicontinuous In Vitro System |
| title_full | Rumen Fermentation of Feed Mixtures Supplemented with Clay Minerals in a Semicontinuous In Vitro System |
| title_fullStr | Rumen Fermentation of Feed Mixtures Supplemented with Clay Minerals in a Semicontinuous In Vitro System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rumen Fermentation of Feed Mixtures Supplemented with Clay Minerals in a Semicontinuous In Vitro System |
| title_short | Rumen Fermentation of Feed Mixtures Supplemented with Clay Minerals in a Semicontinuous In Vitro System |
| title_sort | rumen fermentation of feed mixtures supplemented with clay minerals in a semicontinuous in vitro system |
| topic | zeolite bentonite sepiolite microbial fermentation in vitro semicontinuous culture system medium pH |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/3/345 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT zahiaamanzougarene rumenfermentationoffeedmixturessupplementedwithclaymineralsinasemicontinuousinvitrosystem AT manuelfondevila rumenfermentationoffeedmixturessupplementedwithclaymineralsinasemicontinuousinvitrosystem |