Impact assessment of full and partial stay-at-home orders, face mask usage, and contact tracing: An agent-based simulation study of COVID-19 for an urban region
Purpose: Social intervention strategies to mitigate COVID-19 are examined using an agent-based simulation model. Outbreak in a large urban region, Miami-Dade County, Florida, USA is used as a case study. Results are intended to serve as a planning guide for decision makers. Methods: The simulation m...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Global Epidemiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590113320300201 |
| _version_ | 1818363976772222976 |
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| author | Hanisha Tatapudi Rachita Das Tapas K. Das |
| author_facet | Hanisha Tatapudi Rachita Das Tapas K. Das |
| author_sort | Hanisha Tatapudi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purpose: Social intervention strategies to mitigate COVID-19 are examined using an agent-based simulation model. Outbreak in a large urban region, Miami-Dade County, Florida, USA is used as a case study. Results are intended to serve as a planning guide for decision makers. Methods: The simulation model mimics daily social mixing behavior of the susceptible and infected generating the spread. Data representing demographics of the region, virus epidemiology, and social interventions shapes model behavior. Results include daily values of infected, reported, hospitalized, and dead. Results: Results show that early implementation of complete stay-at-home order is effective in flattening and reversing the infection growth curve in a short period of time. Whereas, using Florida's Phase II plan alone could result in 75% infected and end of pandemic via herd immunity. Universal use of face masks reduced infected by 20%. A further reduction of 66% was achieved by adding contact tracing with a target of identifying 50% of the asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic. Conclusions: In the absence of a vaccine, the strict stay-at-home order, though effective in curbing a pandemic outbreak, leaves a large proportion of the population susceptible. Hence, there should be a strong follow up plan of social distancing, use of face mask, contact tracing, testing, and isolation of infected to minimize the chances of large-scale resurgence of the disease. However, as the economic cost of the complete stay-at-home-order is very high, it can perhaps be used only as an emergency first response, and the authorities should be prepared to activate a strong follow up plan as soon as possible. The target level for contact tracing was shown to have a nonlinear impact on the reduction of the percentage of population infected. Increase in contact tracing target from 20% to 30% appeared to provide the largest incremental benefit. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-13T21:57:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-d59ed69c555348ba96c8f9d8778b9d6b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2590-1133 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-13T21:57:02Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Global Epidemiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-d59ed69c555348ba96c8f9d8778b9d6b2022-12-21T23:30:07ZengElsevierGlobal Epidemiology2590-11332020-11-012100036Impact assessment of full and partial stay-at-home orders, face mask usage, and contact tracing: An agent-based simulation study of COVID-19 for an urban regionHanisha Tatapudi0Rachita Das1Tapas K. Das2Department of Industrial and Management System Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA; Corresponding author.Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USADepartment of Industrial and Management System Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USAPurpose: Social intervention strategies to mitigate COVID-19 are examined using an agent-based simulation model. Outbreak in a large urban region, Miami-Dade County, Florida, USA is used as a case study. Results are intended to serve as a planning guide for decision makers. Methods: The simulation model mimics daily social mixing behavior of the susceptible and infected generating the spread. Data representing demographics of the region, virus epidemiology, and social interventions shapes model behavior. Results include daily values of infected, reported, hospitalized, and dead. Results: Results show that early implementation of complete stay-at-home order is effective in flattening and reversing the infection growth curve in a short period of time. Whereas, using Florida's Phase II plan alone could result in 75% infected and end of pandemic via herd immunity. Universal use of face masks reduced infected by 20%. A further reduction of 66% was achieved by adding contact tracing with a target of identifying 50% of the asymptomatic and pre-symptomatic. Conclusions: In the absence of a vaccine, the strict stay-at-home order, though effective in curbing a pandemic outbreak, leaves a large proportion of the population susceptible. Hence, there should be a strong follow up plan of social distancing, use of face mask, contact tracing, testing, and isolation of infected to minimize the chances of large-scale resurgence of the disease. However, as the economic cost of the complete stay-at-home-order is very high, it can perhaps be used only as an emergency first response, and the authorities should be prepared to activate a strong follow up plan as soon as possible. The target level for contact tracing was shown to have a nonlinear impact on the reduction of the percentage of population infected. Increase in contact tracing target from 20% to 30% appeared to provide the largest incremental benefit.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590113320300201COVID-19SARS-CoV-2Agent-based simulation modelIntervention strategiesFace maskContact tracing |
| spellingShingle | Hanisha Tatapudi Rachita Das Tapas K. Das Impact assessment of full and partial stay-at-home orders, face mask usage, and contact tracing: An agent-based simulation study of COVID-19 for an urban region Global Epidemiology COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Agent-based simulation model Intervention strategies Face mask Contact tracing |
| title | Impact assessment of full and partial stay-at-home orders, face mask usage, and contact tracing: An agent-based simulation study of COVID-19 for an urban region |
| title_full | Impact assessment of full and partial stay-at-home orders, face mask usage, and contact tracing: An agent-based simulation study of COVID-19 for an urban region |
| title_fullStr | Impact assessment of full and partial stay-at-home orders, face mask usage, and contact tracing: An agent-based simulation study of COVID-19 for an urban region |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact assessment of full and partial stay-at-home orders, face mask usage, and contact tracing: An agent-based simulation study of COVID-19 for an urban region |
| title_short | Impact assessment of full and partial stay-at-home orders, face mask usage, and contact tracing: An agent-based simulation study of COVID-19 for an urban region |
| title_sort | impact assessment of full and partial stay at home orders face mask usage and contact tracing an agent based simulation study of covid 19 for an urban region |
| topic | COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Agent-based simulation model Intervention strategies Face mask Contact tracing |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590113320300201 |
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