Non–Negligible Ecological Risks of Urban Wetlands Caused by Cd and Hg on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China
The Huangshui National Wetland Park (HNWP) is a unique national wetland park in a city on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, containing three zones: Haihu, Beichuan, and Ninghu. In this study, a total of 54 soil samples (18 sampling points with depths of 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, and 20–30 cm) were collected in...
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Toxics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/8/654 |
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| author | Lei Wang Xufeng Mao Xiuhua Song Xiaoyan Wei Hongyan Yu Shunbang Xie Lele Zhang Wenjia Tang |
| author_facet | Lei Wang Xufeng Mao Xiuhua Song Xiaoyan Wei Hongyan Yu Shunbang Xie Lele Zhang Wenjia Tang |
| author_sort | Lei Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Huangshui National Wetland Park (HNWP) is a unique national wetland park in a city on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, containing three zones: Haihu, Beichuan, and Ninghu. In this study, a total of 54 soil samples (18 sampling points with depths of 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, and 20–30 cm) were collected in these three zones, and the contents of heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn, and As) of each sample were determined. The ecological risk of eight kinds of heavy metals was evaluated by using the geo–accumulation index (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>I</mi><mrow><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>o</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>), and the ecological risk–controlling effect of the Xining urban wetlands on heavy metals was explored by comparative analysis, and the possible sources of heavy metals in the soil were analyzed via correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). The results revealed that the total heavy metal concentration order was Haihu > Beichuan > Ninghu zone. As and Cu presented vertical accumulation characteristics in the surface and lower horizon, respectively. Cr, Cd, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn accumulated downwards along the depth. On the spatial scale, the enrichments of Cd and Hg brought non-negligible ecological risks in plateau urban wetlands. The results of PCA indicated that soil heavy metals mainly came from compound sources of domestic and atmospheric influences, traffic pollution sources, and industrial pollution sources. The study has revealed that human activities have inevitable negative impacts on wetland ecosystems, while the HNWP provides a significant weakening effect on heavy metal pollution. |
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| spelling | doaj.art-d5aa0079ffa5451692360c6b3d55489b2023-11-19T03:14:10ZengMDPI AGToxics2305-63042023-07-0111865410.3390/toxics11080654Non–Negligible Ecological Risks of Urban Wetlands Caused by Cd and Hg on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, ChinaLei Wang0Xufeng Mao1Xiuhua Song2Xiaoyan Wei3Hongyan Yu4Shunbang Xie5Lele Zhang6Wenjia Tang7Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation, Ministry of Education, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation, Ministry of Education, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, ChinaManagement and Service Center for Huangshui National Wetland Park, Xining 810016, ChinaSchool of Economics and Management, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, ChinaManagement and Service Center of Qilian Mountain National Park, Xining 810008, ChinaManagement and Service Center for Huangshui National Wetland Park, Xining 810016, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation, Ministry of Education, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810008, ChinaState Key Laboratory for Environmental Protection Monitoring and Assessment of the Qinghai–Xining Plateau, Xining 810007, ChinaThe Huangshui National Wetland Park (HNWP) is a unique national wetland park in a city on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, containing three zones: Haihu, Beichuan, and Ninghu. In this study, a total of 54 soil samples (18 sampling points with depths of 0–10 cm, 10–20 cm, and 20–30 cm) were collected in these three zones, and the contents of heavy metals (Cr, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, Zn, and As) of each sample were determined. The ecological risk of eight kinds of heavy metals was evaluated by using the geo–accumulation index (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>I</mi><mrow><mi>g</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>o</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>), and the ecological risk–controlling effect of the Xining urban wetlands on heavy metals was explored by comparative analysis, and the possible sources of heavy metals in the soil were analyzed via correlation analysis and principal component analysis (PCA). The results revealed that the total heavy metal concentration order was Haihu > Beichuan > Ninghu zone. As and Cu presented vertical accumulation characteristics in the surface and lower horizon, respectively. Cr, Cd, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn accumulated downwards along the depth. On the spatial scale, the enrichments of Cd and Hg brought non-negligible ecological risks in plateau urban wetlands. The results of PCA indicated that soil heavy metals mainly came from compound sources of domestic and atmospheric influences, traffic pollution sources, and industrial pollution sources. The study has revealed that human activities have inevitable negative impacts on wetland ecosystems, while the HNWP provides a significant weakening effect on heavy metal pollution.https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/8/654urban wetlandssoil heavy metalsecological riskspatial variabilitysource identification |
| spellingShingle | Lei Wang Xufeng Mao Xiuhua Song Xiaoyan Wei Hongyan Yu Shunbang Xie Lele Zhang Wenjia Tang Non–Negligible Ecological Risks of Urban Wetlands Caused by Cd and Hg on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China Toxics urban wetlands soil heavy metals ecological risk spatial variability source identification |
| title | Non–Negligible Ecological Risks of Urban Wetlands Caused by Cd and Hg on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China |
| title_full | Non–Negligible Ecological Risks of Urban Wetlands Caused by Cd and Hg on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China |
| title_fullStr | Non–Negligible Ecological Risks of Urban Wetlands Caused by Cd and Hg on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Non–Negligible Ecological Risks of Urban Wetlands Caused by Cd and Hg on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China |
| title_short | Non–Negligible Ecological Risks of Urban Wetlands Caused by Cd and Hg on the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau, China |
| title_sort | non negligible ecological risks of urban wetlands caused by cd and hg on the qinghai tibet plateau china |
| topic | urban wetlands soil heavy metals ecological risk spatial variability source identification |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2305-6304/11/8/654 |
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